Photo and description of diseases of dill and fight against them

Despite the unpretentiousness of dill, it is not always possible to obtain the desired greens. And the matter is that the diseases afflicting plants, the causative agents of most of which are harmful fungi.

According to the results of long-term observations carried out by specialists of seed-growing and breeding farms, powdery mildew, fomosis and chickens represent the greatest danger for dill. However, this is not a complete list of diseases of dill. What to do if dill turns yellow in the garden, or its greens turn black and curl? Recognizing the disease of the garden crop and determining the control measures will help describe the diseases and photos of affected plants.

Dill Milk Dew

In greenhouse conditions, the causative agent of powdery mildew is found in greenhouses, where weeds are present, and on powdery fields, powdery mildew often infects crops in warm, humid weather.

A characteristic feature of the disease is whitish, resembling a spider web first, and then a trail of whitewash or flour, consisting of the mycelium of the fungus pest. The spots appearing on the green cover all new surfaces until the disease affects all aboveground organs of the plant. Foliage, which has traces of powdery mildew, loses juiciness, flavor and taste.

Like most pathogens of this type, fungus spores overwinter in plant debris that are not harvested from the beds, and also persist on weeds. Particularly willing to dispute habitable wild species of umbrella.

Peronosporosis of dill

Similar to the external manifestation of powdery mildew or peronosporaz also affects the aboveground part of the plant. The largest bursts of infection are observed in wet weather, at a temperature of 18 to 20 ° C.

As the infection develops from the outside, the dill leaves turn yellow and turn brown. And on the back side a thick white bloom is clearly visible. A similar pattern develops on umbrellas, seeds and shoots. Over time, the plant affected by peronospora practically dries out.

What to do when dill turns yellow in the garden? The source of the disease lies in the fallen and not cleaned parts of the plants, weeds, and the disease can spread through the already infected seeds. Therefore, in no case should we allow the emergence of weeds and particles of infected tops on the ground.

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Process Fomoz Dill

The reason why the dill grows black in the beds can be found in plant tissues affected by the fomoze pathogen. The disease, widespread from the Nechernozem region to the Krasnodar Territory and the Volga region, causes serious damage to both large agricultural plantations and amateur landings on household plots.

Manifestations of the disease can be seen on young shoots together with a black leg, striking the stems, or in the second half of summer on adult dill bushes.

The harmful fungus Phoma anethi Sacc penetrates all plant tissues, which outwardly manifests itself in the appearance of stems, leaves, inflorescences and even on the roots of dark spots of elongated shape with noticeable black dots. It is the vital activity of this fungus that can be the answer to the question of why dill grows black on the beds. Since the development of the fungus on the affected dill plant lasts no more than 2 weeks, the pest gives many generations over a season and can cause several waves of the disease. Disputes with wind, rain and insects spread, and they persist in dead parts of plants trapped in soil, seeds and weeds.

When fomoses are infected with dill at the stage of seed formation and ripening, the latter lose their germination and become sources of infection.

Cercosporosis of dill

Cercosporosis has a lot in common with fomosis of dill and, in fact, precedes the development of this disease. This is noticeable in the photo of dill, and the fight against diseases also includes general measures. Why does dill turn black in the garden? All aboveground dill organs are affected by the infection spread by the fungus Cercospora anethi, where dark or brown spots appear at the spots where the fungus is embedded, eventually taking on an elongated shape along the vessels.

When spores begin to mature, the spots become covered with a thicker, brighter patina. The source of infection is stored on mature seeds, as well as on dry residues that have not been harvested from the beds.

Black leg of fennel

Blackleg seedling losses from blackleg most often occur in greenhouses or when growing a crop in greenhouses on the plot.

The source of the disease are seeds infected with the fungal infection. As a result of their activation, rotting of the root collar begins, as a result of which the dill turns black, the plant stems weaken and dry in the first days after germination. The development of the black leg goes right up to the beginning of the opening of the true leaves. And in conditions of high humidity, up to 50% of crops are killed and die.

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The development of the black stalk contributes not only to excessive watering, but also:

• sharp temperature fluctuations;
• lack of ventilation in the greenhouse;
• repeated use of the same soil in greenhouses and greenhouses, as well as when growing seedlings;
• lack of loosening and the resulting crust on the soil surface;
• increased soil acidity;
• low light;
• insufficient thinning of crops.

That is why dill seedlings blacken on the beds.

The risk of spreading the black stem repeatedly increases if untested seeds are used during sowing, possibly contaminated with fomoz and chalcosporosis.

Fusarium wilting of dill plants

Fusarium on dill begins with the lower leaves, first the green fennel turns yellow, then the color changes to reddish or brown. Spreading, the disease captures the upper tiers, and the plants gradually fade. The degree of infection can be judged by the cross section of the stem, the vessels of which may also acquire a yellowish, brown or red color. If the fennel in the garden turns yellow, what should the gardener do?

Pathogens of the disease Fusarium fungi accumulate and overwinter in the soil. Therefore, the carrier can be soil pests. The fungus can get into the tissue of dill with careless loosening, as well as with nematodes. The risk factor for the development of fusarium is regular waterlogging of the soil, as well as elevated soil temperature.

It is highly undesirable to allow the stagnation of moisture in the soil and the reproduction of soil pests.

Verticillous wilting

Fungus, the causative agent of this disease, infects the vessels of the plant. As a result of infection, the withering dill bushes completely lose their ability to get nourishment and moisture, and the vascular system is blocked. The first signs of the disease can be seen in mid-June, and the full picture develops already in the second half of summer, when dill blooms and forms seeds. At first, infected dill turns yellow only in hot weather, then the foliage completely fades, twists and turns brown.

Sources of disease dangerous to dill are soil contaminated with the fungus Verticillium dahliae, poorly rotted manure or compost.

Measures to control diseases of dill

Since green crops, including dill, are extremely early, it is impossible to use toxic chemicals to control disease-causing fungi and pests.

Yes, and as seen in the photo of diseases of dill, the fight against them cannot be limited to one-time treatments. Therefore, the focus should be on preventing and preventing the development of infections that are dangerous for crops.

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In order to prevent the spread of diseases through the seeds and prevent fungi from ruining the seedlings, it is extremely important to choose only proven healthy seeds, and also to disinfect the seeds before planting. This can be done by soaking the seed for 20–30 minutes in water with a temperature not higher than 45 ° C.In this case, the fungus dies, but the germ does not suffer, which makes it possible to obtain healthy plants and a bountiful harvest of fresh greens.

For sowing, it is necessary to allocate well-lit ventilated areas with light, loose soil. Soil with an acidic reaction is subjected to liming. Dill should not be planted for many years in the same place. It is better to alternate the crops of this culture with legumes, solanaceous, melons. Since umbrella crops are often affected by certain diseases and pests, it is not worth adjoining the beds of carrots, dill or celery.

Do not allow excessive crop density, which contributes to the weakening of plants and the development of various infections.

Soil and flying pests can successfully spread fungal infections. The reason why dill leaves are curled may be a colony of aphids settled on plants. But if the insects can be washed off with water, then the fungi that get into the fabric as a result of punctures cause irreparable consequences. And here it is vital to take all measures to protect dill, not only from aphids, but nematodes, wireworms, carrot moths and miner flies.

It is possible to secure plantings by regularly removing all weed vegetation, both on the beds themselves and along their perimeter. When weeding and after harvesting, plant residues are necessarily destroyed.

What should I do if the fennel grows yellow, blushes or the leaves curl in the garden beds?

Regular feeding of umbrella crops with phosphate and potash fertilizers will help protect dill from fungal infections and other diseases. If compost or manure is used for fertilizer, in which the spores of fungi are perfectly preserved, it is better to replace them with fertilizers produced by the factory method. A good remedy is foliar dressing dill and other green plants with a weak solution of borax.

Fighting fusarium wilting of plants - video