Content of the article:
Goryanka has a special place among ground cover plants. This perennial herbaceous culture of the barberry family has not only foliage, but also inflorescences, has a beautiful decorative appearance. In the natural environment, the plant can be found in the mountain lowlands and forests, especially a lot of it grows in East Asia, the Alps, Turkey and the Caucasus.
For colorful inflorescences of unusual shape, Goryanka is also called the “flower of elves”.
Description of the plant
The mountain-growing plant grows in a very dense bush, whose height ranges from 15 to 75 cm. Numerous shoots emerge from a strong branched rhizome. They are rather thin, but nevertheless are covered with tender bark of red color with a brown shade. Along the entire length of the shoot, taking into account its ramifications, bright green leaves are arranged on long petioles. Bushes can winter with them( evergreen varieties) or throw off foliage for the winter( deciduous species).
Depending on the type of plant, the leaf plate has a different shape:
- in the form of a heart;
- extended;
- pinnate;
- with jagged edge;
- with red veins.
The maximum distance between each leaf in a bush is no more than 7 cm( in some varieties it is only 1 cm), due to which a dense grassy carpet is created.
It is noteworthy that the Goryanka bushes develop very quickly, expanding to the sides and occupying more and more territory, but at the same time the middle of the curtain gradually fades.
A hot-pot flower blooms in May, lifting long peduncles with loose buds in the form of brushes above the leaf cover. Each brush consists of about a dozen average-sized flowers. They have a very original form: the petals are arranged in two rows, 4 things outside, and the same number - inside the flower. Some varieties are characterized by the presence of peculiar hooks-spurs on the petals. After flowering, the seeds ripen, but there are varieties that have no fruiting. The seeds attract ants to themselves, which spread them far beyond the mountain plantations.
There are more than fifty species of perennial, differing in shape and color of the leaves, as well as the structure and color of the inflorescences. One of the most famous are the mountain women:
- grandiflora;
- Colchis;
- multicolored;
- red;
- arrowhead;
- Korean.
A gorgeous flowering of a large-flowered mountain woman
Evergreen came to us from the mountain forests of Japan and is a bush of medium size( as for a species) not exceeding 30 cm. Flower brush consists of a half dozen lilac flowers. For their very serious dimensions, the flower is called a Krupnokashechkovoy Goryanka or Grandiflora.
Poplar inflorescences of this variety contain beneficial substances that affect men's health. On their basis, special preparations are prepared, thanks to which the plant is referred to as “green Viagra”.
A lot of hybrid varieties have been developed on the basis of the grandmother’s flowers, among them:
- Red Beauty with cherry flowers;
- Lilafi with delicate purple flowers;
- White Queen with large pure white flowers;
- Rose Queen with pale pink buds;
- Purple Pixie( Purple Elf) with lilac-purple buds, from which white spurs are visible.
Forest Orchid, Goryanka colchian
The most common “plantations” of the Colchian mountain plant( the second name of the species is Cirrus) are found in the forests of Transcaucasia. It grows loose evergreen bushes, multiplies creeping rhizome. Leaves of beautiful dark color, inflorescences in the form of a simple brush with a dozen, maximum - one and a half, yellow flowers, slightly resembling the blooming of an orchid.
The variety prefers shady places, it is absolutely undemanding to the soil, it hibernates well, but does not tolerate an increased level of humidity.
A popular hybrid of a multicolored hot pot
Among the grassy plants for open ground, the multicolored multicolored draws attention to itself with its beautiful, fairly large, yellow flowers and high drought tolerance. Dense bushes grow up to 40 cm in height and covered with red-green leaves. Abundant flowering occurs in the second decade of May and lasts for almost a month, but fruiting does not occur. The species propagates by dividing the rhizome in the spring or late summer. In winter, the flower leaves with leaves.
Multi-Colored Mud Woman is a garden hybrid variety. Her parents are large-flowered and Colchian varieties.
The species has several hybrids of its own, the most beautiful of them:
- Kupreum with copper-red flowers and reddish foliage;
- Sulfureum with yellow-white inflorescences and red pattern on old leaves.
A unique red-headed alumina
A characteristic feature of the species is upright shoots that form a bush up to 40 cm in large numbers. There are not very many leaves on them, but very beautiful two-color buds bloom at the top: the petals are red, but havewhite and yellow strip in the middle. Also in the center of the flower there is a thickening in the form of a column. The diameter of each inflorescence of the red grass herbaceous plant does not exceed 1.5 cm.
Highland arrow plant is the best choice for carpet bed
One of the evergreen perennial species, often referred to as Perraldery mountainwalker. Homeland plants - mountain forests of Algeria, where they grow cedars and oaks. It is characterized by a very dense crown, which is formed by beautiful dark green leaves of elongated shape with sharp tips. The leaf plate at the stem is collected and slightly convex, and in the places where it begins to taper, several teeth appear. 
Bushes up to 30 cm in height grow rapidly and form a dense carpet, the annual growth is not less than 15 cm.
Dark green color only in adult leaves, the young ones have a beautiful bronze sheen.
The flowers of arrowhead blooms in May by loose tassels, the flowers are colored yellow with a barely noticeable reddish border.
Gentle, but resistant Korean mountain woman
Refers to deciduous species, winters without foliage. Perennial bushes are compact, no more than 15 cm high, leaves are monochromatic, saturated green color. The flowers are quite large, delicate color, white-purple. Korean mountain woman is also called Chinese.
The plant is one of the most undemanding species: it tolerates winter frosts and can grow in the shade, but grows slowly.
How does the mountain bog breed?
At home, you can grow a hot-water plant in two ways:
- Sowing seeds. Despite the fact that the seedlings grow quickly, the seeds of the mountain woman grow up tightly. To speed up this process, they must be stratified twice, placed in a refrigerator for a month and then kept for about the same amount of time at room temperature. In late March, sow the prepared seeds in a greenhouse with loose soil( mix peat with sand).Grown up seedlings can be planted in open ground no earlier than the end of May.
- After dropping the adult bush delenka. In September, large specimens of the Goryanka dig up and cut into several fragments. Each delenka should have 2-3 live buds. Plant them in a permanent place, deepening into the ground by 5 cm, and mulch on top of the fallen leaves.
Goryanka, grown from seed, will bloom only in the third year, and delenki may release flower stalks in the current season. It should also be borne in mind that some varieties multiply only by dividing the rhizomes.
When planting seedlings or delenok, it is necessary to leave a distance of at least 30 cm between each plant, and for species that are distinguished by active growth and branching, and more. Goryanka prefers a light and nutritious land, which contains a sufficient amount of lime.
Lighting for the minder does not play a decisive role - it develops equally well in the sun and in the shady part of the site.
Uncomplicated care for perennial
Goryanka grass, like most herbs, grows well without the participation of a grower. But to bloom was more abundant, and the bushes - more magnificent, a little help it does not hurt. The main work consists in weeding the flower beds so that the weeds do not damp the plantings. You also need to water the bushes, especially in hot dry summers, but here it is better not to overdo it: if the roots are constantly in wet soil, they begin to rot.
On fertile soil, the culture does not need additional feedings. If the land is poor, you can apply compost and complex mineral fertilizer, but not more than twice a season.
Although Goryanka is a perennial plant adapted for wintering in open ground, it is better to shelter it for the winter, especially evergreen varieties. In the spring, it is important to remove the shelter in time so that the tender young leaves will not burn under such a “blanket”.
As for diseases, the Goryanka has good immunity against most infections and rarely suffers from them. But the pests, such as field mice or slugs, love to feast on her juicy shoots. To protect the plant from them, you can install scarers or traps.
Beauty and Benefit - Two in One
Absolutely all parts of the Goryanka, starting with the rhizome and ending with the inflorescences, contain a large amount of useful substances. Among them are alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids and many other valuable components. In Oriental medicine, the healing properties of Goryanka have long been evaluated and they use weed to make various preparations.
The culture is famous for its ability not only to rejuvenate the body, but also to restore its functionality in various diseases, namely:
- sexual disorders in men;
- chronic fatigue;
- hypertension.
In addition, Goryanka-based products cleanse toxins, strengthen the immune system, relieve stress after stress, and improve blood circulation.
Along with the beneficial properties of the Goryanka there are contraindications. So, you can not take drugs, which include the plant, children, pregnant and lactating women, as well as in diseases of the thyroid gland.
Goryanka - the plant is really unique. Having landed on the site several different varieties, you can create a unique landscape masterpiece, covering the flower bed with a colorful “blanket”, for which there is almost no need to care for. Look good lush curtains and in combination with other cultures. And beautiful flowers and leaves of the minder will help solve health problems and strengthen it. Grow this simple but amazing culture in your garden and enjoy your work!
