Clean air is vital for any person, and the desire to use the achievements of technology and the experience of craftsmen to build an ideal ventilation system in your home is quite natural. And as a result, each owner is faced with the question of how to increase the draft in the ventilation so that the polluted exhaust air easily gives way to fresh streams.
If you have ventilation problems or are just building a new home, use the advice of our craftsmen and the list of draft accelerators prepared by them, and ventilation in your home will be normalized.
The content of the article:
- What is ventilation?
- Air exchange and types of ventilation
- Factors affecting traction
- Using a baffle for ventilation
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
What is ventilation?
People, being in their apartment, cook, clean, wash and just breathe during the day, thereby saturating the air with excess moisture and odors, polluting it with carbon dioxide. All this in the process of replacing air masses occurs imperceptibly with normally operating ventilation, but it results in considerable problems in the event of a failure of the air exchange system.
Without proper ventilation in the apartment, the corners become moldy, dampness, condensation on the windows, and a musty smell appear.
Backdraft is a failure in the normal operation of the ventilation system, with two solutions: checking the mine for debris and damage, and installing a check valve
You can check the operability of the channel in a simple and effective way: by deflection or movement of a small piece of paper at ventilation grill, or the absence of dirt and dust on it with a sooty ceiling and walls.
Air exchange and types of ventilation
Air exchange - directional movement different temperature air masses, which occurs due to traction in the exhaust ducts.
Air movement is carried out according to two elementary rules:
- air moves to a lower pressure area;
- heated air moves upward.
Traditional natural ventilation over time, it becomes less and less effective due to the different nature of the materials used in the construction of modern buildings.
Instead of "breathing" wood and brick, houses are dominated by foam concrete, artificial thermal insulation and decoration materials, noise-insulating doors and metal-plastic window. As a result, the air does not have the ability to circulate freely and easily through the rooms, therefore, multifunctional ventilation systems took the palm.
To ensure the free movement of air masses through the living quarters, it should be visually divided into zones - inflow, overflow and exhaust, then seriously analyze the necessary equipment
In the supply part, in the absence of infiltration, it is possible to install supply valves and a fan. The crossflow will help to carry out doors with gratings; exhaust devices are necessary in bathrooms and in the kitchen.
In addition to the usual classical ventilation, mechanical methods of air exchange are used for full functioning. The most popular and demanded way of arranging ventilation is considered supply and exhaust system, which not only removes used air, but also prepares the incoming air (filters, warms or cools, cleans).
Factors affecting traction
Regardless of the type of device, the main indicator of the effective operation of the system is thrust, the intensity of which depends on a number of reasons.
The directed movement of air masses from the room to the outside naturally depends on uncontrolled weather conditions:
- the numerical difference in temperature indicators in the room and at the outlet of the channel (in cold weather, the thrust increases, and in the summer it fades away);
- atmospheric pressure;
- wind direction and speed.
However, there are ways to influence the strength and speed of air currents.
Therefore, in the process of planning a ventilation system or its reconstruction, it is necessary to pay due attention to the following factors:
- the height of the outlet pipe on the roof;
- dimensions and inner surface of the ventilation duct;
- channel layout;
- installation of devices such as a deflector.
As everyone knows, air gravity in air ducts occurs due to the difference in temperature and pressure values at the inlet and outlet. For the stability of this process, it makes sense, to maintain the desired temperature, place ventilation pipes at least intra-wall space, and ideally next to warm pipes or insulate.
Usually the channel is located in the middle of the house. If it is impossible to take out the ventilation pipe through the roof, the air duct is installed from the hole in the wall, fixing it with clamps
In addition, there is a number of nrules and requirements to the height of the placement. The used air must leave the building above the roof, while the height of the chimney above the roof cannot be less than half a meter.
The resulting difference in height leads to normalization ventilation system operation and traction enhancement, which is not enough for residents of the top floors of multi-storey buildings with a flat roof - they have problems with air exchange.
For the traction force, not only the height of the ventilation duct is of great importance, but also the direction of its laying. Placement is desirable only vertical with the least number of turns (each reduces traction by 10%).
If possible, a pipe of the same diameter is used along the entire length, if a connection is necessary, the deflection angle is not more than 30 degrees.
It is advisable to use pipes of the same diameter for the duct; in extreme cases, the junction is made with a smooth transition. All seams and joints are closed neatly, until smooth, each roughness increases resistance and decreases speed
The most popular type of ventilation pipe is considered to be a rigid round duct, due to the smaller resistance and good air flow rate, it is ahead of economical rectangular and flexible corrugated.
When choosing the parameters, it is recommended to use pipes with a cross section of at least 16 sq. Cm - if it is made of stainless steel, and the side of the channel is not less than 10 cm, but most often a size of 14 cm is used.
An increase in the parameters of the pipe will entail an increase in thrust, therefore, it is more profitable to use the maximum possible dimensions of diameter and length. In cases where it is not possible to install channels with the same length, they resort to installing ventilation grilles in all rooms of the building.
Using a baffle for ventilation
One of the most effective ways to solve ventilation problems is the installation of draft accelerators for ventilation, for example, deflectors. In contrast to the above methods for enhancing traction, which are more convenient to use in the process construction or overhaul, installation of a device such as a deflector can be done at any convenient time.
In addition, the installation allows you to neutralize the consequences of such difficult-to-correct actions as insufficient channel diameter, low altitude, difficult weather conditions or poor location.
Despite the fact that the deflector is so simple that it is possible to assemble it yourself, it not only protects the mine from debris clogging, but also significantly increases the efficiency of the entire systems
Deflector mounted at the outlet ventilation duct above the roof of the building, its size depends on the amount of air discharged and the diameter of the duct. Available in standard sizes, many manufacturers work on order according to individual parameters.
The most common materials of manufacture are plastics and metals - aluminum, galvanized steel and stainless steel.
Plastic deflectors look much more advantageous in appearance due to a variety of designs and colors, cost it is also much cheaper, but it must be borne in mind that their service life is short due to their instability to high temperatures.
The usual model of a ventilation deflector consists of a branch pipe, a diffuser and a hood with or without a return cylinder. Installation of the device is simple, you can install a standard deflector yourself easily and easily.
The lower branch pipe, the diffuser diffuser and the cap are alternately attached to the pipe head, the connections are made with clamps, bolts and brackets. It is important that the hood is larger than the diameter of the diffuser in order to protect it against slanting rain.
Grigorovich, TsAGI and other variants of the deflector are created according to the shape of the section of the ventilation shaft. Their cap is made in different versions: flat, removable, gable and rounded
The deflector mechanism of action is based on the elementary rules of physics. The wind, falling into the body of the device, is dissected diffuser, a rarefied zone arises and air masses, being activated, rush from the ventilation duct into the area of reduced pressure.
In addition to its main function, the deflector also solves a number of other tasks:
- protection against debris;
- reducing the impact of negative natural conditions;
- increasing the efficiency of the ventilation system by 20%;
- the risk of reverse thrust is reduced.
Choose a deflector based on the design and price, usually stopping at well-known well-proven models - TsAGI, Grigorovich, Astato, weather vane, H-shaped model.
When choosing a supply device, it should be understood that everyone, with all the advantages, has disadvantages: it passes noise, dust and cold, there is a risk freezing, so you must first calculate with a specialist which slot, built-in and wall valves or breathers will cope with problem
Such a simple device as a deflector will help to cope with a common ventilation problem - the weakness of the exhaust draft. However, one should not forget that the exhaust system will not work fully without the supply ventilation system.
And when checking the exit to the roof of the exhaust shafts, it is necessary to remember about the intake grilles for the ingress of fresh air masses. Their height above the ground must be at least 2 meters.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
The video will talk about how to make a ventilation deflector yourself:
What you need to do to increase ventilation traction:So, for the full functioning of the ventilation system, it is recommended to build up the air duct above roof level, check the vertical position of smooth rigid wide ventilation pipes.
It is also necessary to check the operation of the supply ventilation or fix the nozzle on the head of the mine - the simplest deflector models can be made independently, each master chooses a suitable method for strengthening traction.
Have you ever encountered insufficient draft in the ventilation duct and how did you manage to cope with this problem? Please share your experience with other visitors to our site. The communication block is located below.
