Self-connection of the intercom: the choice of the scheme and the installation of the tube in the apartment

In country houses and apartments, inexpensive intercoms can be installed, which will provide control of the entrances to the staircase or premises. These systems differ from industrial systems in simpler design and functionality within the declared cost. Due to the availability of home video surveillance and access control, it becomes necessary to decide how to connect the intercom handset in compliance with technical subtleties and security measures.

Design features of the equipment

To make the most of the system's capabilities, you need to delve into the main technical characteristics, understand the structure and operation of such equipment.

To do this, first of all, it should be understood that such devices provide the transmission of audio and video signals, guarantee blocking of entrance locks. The most famous devices are Vizit, Falcon Eye, Commax.

In an apartment building, the installation of such equipment is carried out centrally with the involvement of companies that know how to connect an intercom in an apartment, and provide such services for a fee basis. These same specialists are also involved in the maintenance of systems.

But if you plan to save money and do without contacting the installers, then you need to get idea of ​​a set of intercom equipment, including the purpose and functionality of the following elements:

• a conversation tube, which is installed inside the room and allows you to answer a visitor's request (connected to the locking system);
• personal call panel for reading the code, entering numbers, displaying video information and transmitting sound;
• locking device with an electromagnetic mechanism or older versions with a valve and an electric drive;
• a switch in the form of a module for transmitting signals in accordance with the dialed apartment number;
• power supply, buttons and switching parts.

Those wishing to understand how to independently connect an intercom should know that such a system powered by 12 or 24 V. In this case, you can choose options with the transmission of only audio or also video signal.

Installation of an intercom of the selected type

For country houses and high-rise buildings, manufacturers offer digital and matrix-type intercoms. Each of these options is approximately similar in terms of installation, but differs structurally and functionally.

In digital systems, the signal is transmitted via two-wire lines and controllers, which determine how to connect the intercom handset in the apartment. Separate pairings for apartments are created using jumpers through signal transmission to tube microcircuits.

Coordinate matrix devices are simpler in design, which increases the fault tolerance and reliability of the entire system. In such equipment, the signal is transmitted from the coordinator to the tube in the apartment through the switch using wiring (units / ten) and the DAT1 signal. The initial information is processed by the modulator, and then a connection (LIN) is created with the selected apartment, and the corresponding signal is sent through the electromagnetic relay.

When installing digital and coordinate-matrix systems, it is required compliance with security measureswhich are similar in both cases:

1. Before you connect the intercom yourself in an apartment building, you should de-energize all electrical wiring with which you plan to work.
2. It is recommended to install only licensed products from trusted manufacturers who provide maintenance and warranty repairs for their products.
3. All units and electrical components must be installed in closed rooms or special containers with minimal humidity.

At the preparation stage and before connecting the intercom, choose the wiring that is suitable for the characteristics with length up to 25 - 50 m and more and core thickness up to 1.5 mm.

It is necessary to install digital and coordinate matrix intercoms connected to an electrical network equipped with automatic devices (16 A) or fuses (10 A), as well as a residual current device (30 mA). The transformers are connected to the intercom and to the network, and the tube is connected to a regular outlet via a power cable. For safe work, you will need and hidden wiring, therefore, before you connect the intercom handset yourself, you need to fix the corrugated pipes according to a previously developed scheme.

Mounting the outer panel and tube

The intercom connection includes the installation of an outdoor panel, which must be positioned at a height of at least 1600 mm from the base. On the doors or on the wall, fixing strips are attached to fix the main components or strobes are made for built-in modules.

Then install and fix the equipment itself, connect the electrical wiring. Connecting an intercom in an apartment is as follows:

• Make grooves for corrugated pipes.
• Fix the wiring and close up the grooves.
• Install the tube fittings and connect to the power supply.

Indoor installation height is at least one and a half meters from the floor. It is better to place the transformer in a place that is hard to reach and protected from moisture and connect through a fuse.

How to install an intercom with a video signal

The video equipment installation scheme is similar to the installation of conventional equipment. Some features concern only the installation of the camcorder, which should not be exposed to sunlight or strong light.

It will take and vibration protection, vandals or mechanical damage from any other external influences. Before connecting the intercom in the apartment, you need to take care that the video camera is not affected by high temperatures (above +40 ºC).

It is quite possible to independently mount an intercom system if you have at least basic skills and abilities to work with electrical wiring and such equipment. Will not interfere preliminary consultations of experienced specialists and work under the constant supervision of a master who is engaged in such work professionally.