How to set up a sewing machine: adjusting modern and old models, preventive maintenance

Modern manufacturers offer foot-operated sewing machines that are powered by electrical networks. These are convenient devices that allow you to keep your hands free and quickly cope with all operations. But an experienced seamstress can customize a sewing machine of both a new design and an old model. After adjustment, you can start sewing real masterpieces.

Unit device

The first sewing machine was created in France. Its manufacturer is Timonye, ​​a tailor. It was a primitive but productive device. The workers greeted the new product with dissatisfaction, as the unit led to the massive dismissal of seamstresses. Then the device was improved, and modern models can gently process the finest fabrics. In the eighteenth century, a machine was invented with a shuttle and a mechanism that automatically moves the fabric.

The principle of operation is the same for all old models:

• on the right is a wheel-shaped part - a winder, it is rotated by hand;
instagram viewer
• next to it is a lever that allows you to adjust the stitch length;
• on the working surface there are slats through which the fabric moves;
• on the left side there is a hook and a presser foot lever with a needle, as well as a regulator that tightens the thread.

Old samples

The old device sews fabric just as well as newer models. You can take out the old unit and adjust the sewing machine. First, you need to select the correct thread numbers and needles, which will allow you to work well with different fabrics. Then adjust the optimal stitch length and seam sizes. The thread tension regulator is located at the bottom of the device, use the bobbin case screw for adjustment.

Near the lever that lowers the presser foot, there is a button that tightens the upper thread. Before starting the setup, you need to read the instructions for using the machine. On older models, the hook is upright on the left.

In new designs, it can be positioned in the same direction or horizontally.

Model "Seagull"

In an old Seagull machine, you first need to set the thread and needle correctly. To adjust the upper thread, you need to turn the knob to set the mechanism to the upper position. Then the coil is inserted into the holder until it stops, turning the flat side to the foot, and fixed with a screw. After that, the thread is pulled through the guide, friction washers, tensioner, needle holder and eye of the needle.

It is enough to wind the lower thread on a bobbin, which is inserted into the cap and taken out. Then they turn the handle, pull the threads and thread them under the foot. It should be borne in mind that the "Seagull" has a disc with different positions. On thick material, its teeth protrude, on thin fabric they hide. After setting up the sewing machine you can get to work:

• lower the foot with the needle;
• turn the handle towards you;
• lubricate the device with special oil;
• lay a suitable fabric base.

Unit "Podolsk"

Modern craftswomen still use the Podolsk machine. The device sews thick, dense fabric. To begin with, thread the thread. The winder at the device is located at the back, where the thread tension mechanism is also connected. The wheel is turned off, the screw is turned towards you. A bobbin is put on the bobbin, and a bobbin is put on it. The thread is lowered under the washer and directed upward. The winder frame is lowered with the flywheel touching the pulley rim.

Until the end of the winding, the thread is held by the end, the bobbin is inserted into the cap so that an oblique gap remains. A thread is passed through it, the shuttle is closed. Then insert the needle, thread the thread from right to left, grab it with the lowered needle and raise it again. Craftswomen must follow several rules:

• the flywheel is rotated towards itself, otherwise the thread will get tangled;
• the foot is raised if the machine is not used;
• before work, be sure to put a working cloth;
• do not push and pull the material, otherwise the needle may break;
• the plate above the hook must be tightly closed.

Since old units do not have a spring, seamstresses use one little trick. A circle with a diameter smaller than the bobbin is cut out of thin fabric. A hole is made in the center, the part is inserted into the cap and oil is dripped. The bobbin itself is attached from above.

Modern machines

Using the instructions, you can adjust the sewing machine yourself. The setup methods may vary, although the newer models work in much the same way. First, the unit is prepared: the position of the parts is adjusted using special wheels. You need to adjust the bobbin so that its cap prevents the thread from spinning. The thread should move in a specific order:

• metal ears;
• tension regulator;
• thread pulling lever;
• staples;
• needle eye.

Tensioning parts are located in the hook screw and on the end part for the upper and lower threads, respectively. After adjustment, you need to check the condition of the loops, for which they make a small seam on an unnecessary piece of fabric.

With the correct setting, small knots appear in the middle of the stitches, and the loops themselves do not sag.

Then they work with the foot, adjusting its pressure using a spring. Improper adjustment will result in fabric tearing or weak seams. The pressure directly depends on the thickness of the material. Manufacturers put the speed controller in the pedals. If it is damaged or incorrectly set, then the number of revolutions will not depend on the seamstress.

There is a special spring between the graphite parts of the pedal. The elements must be disassembled and cleaned from dirt, then the regulator will work in normal mode. But if the contacts are oxidized, then it is necessary to completely replace the part. If you have a tooth adjuster, you need to set a suitable needle height, which will affect the size of the stitches. If the thread is thin, then the stitch should be 2 mm long, with a thick thread - 3 mm or more.

Preventive care

The tuning procedure can be avoided if certain preventive measures are taken. Craftswomen need to take care of the technique in a special way:

• several times a year the device is lubricated with a special agent;
• the stitch plate, hook and surface are cleaned of dust before and after work;
• the finished product is taken out, and a piece of dense fabric is placed under the foot and lowered all the way;
• remove all pieces of fabric and damaged threads;
• the unit must be stored in a fabric cover;
• for a device with a drive, the wire may be twisted, you need to monitor its position.

Sewing machines allow craftswomen to create outfits and household textiles of any complexity at home. You can use different devices - modern, old or miniature, which allow you to work only with thin materials.