Luminaires with built-in motion and light sensor: installation in apartments, LED devices

Luminaires equipped with motion sensors gained popularity among consumers immediately after the appearance on the market of electrical goods. These lighting fixtures are designed for residential use. Their main advantage is significant energy savings. The luminaire with the sensor turns on automatically after a person appears in the area it controls. When the latter leaves the zone, the device turns off.

The need for lamps

Often in an empty room or in public places, you can find a lighting fixture turned on. They forgot to turn it off, and now it is wasting electricity. This turns into additional cash costs. Installing a device that turns itself off when a person leaves the room will help solve the problem of wasting electricity.

This device is also relevant where there are elderly residents. They often forget where the switch is. It is also convenient to use in apartments with small children who cannot reach the switch. Luminaires for homes with motion sensors have important qualities that make them particularly effective:

• do not react to the appearance of animals in the room, even large dogs;
• turn on when the first person enters, and off when the last one leaves;
• have a certain light threshold and are not included in the daytime;
• in the settings, you can set a certain period of work, for example, the time sufficient to pass the corridor.

These devices are usually installed in places where people do not stay for a long time. According to research, the use of luminaires with a built-in motion sensor can save up to 70% of energy.

Types of devices

Devices are classified according to the principle of operation of the sensors. They are divided into the following types:

• infrared;
• ultrasonic;
• microwave;
• combined.

Infrared devices react to changes in heat in a room when people enter it. They have the following advantages:

• the device turns on only when objects emitting heat appear;
• it can be adjusted to the range and angle of object detection;
• the lamp does not pose a danger to people.

A device with an infrared sensor has some disadvantages. These include:

• if a person's clothing does not conduct heat well, the lamp may not turn on;
• he may react by detecting a mechanical device that generates heat.

Ultrasonic devices work on the principle of detecting and analyzing the reflected signal. They have the following advantages:

• low cost;
• work in dusty and high humidity conditions;
• react to a person in any clothes;
• do not trigger when devices that generate heat are detected.

Meanwhile, the device has some disadvantages. So, it reacts only to sudden movements of a person, has a short range of work, an ultrasonic signal has a negative effect on pets.

Microwave devices emit high frequency electrical waves and detect their reflection. They respond to signal changes. The devices have the following advantages:

• react to even the smallest movements;
• find people behind thin doors or glass;
• do not react to the temperature of objects;
• can serve several zones at the same time;
• convenient and compact.

But like previous models, these devices have some disadvantages: they are quite expensive; can be triggered by movement outside the window; pose a health hazard.

Devices equipped with combined sensors are the best option. They combine the advantages of several technologies at once and are devoid of their disadvantages.

Placement of devices

Devices are also classified by location as wall-mounted, ceiling-mounted and freestanding. Infrared motion detectors are commonly used in wall lamps. They are installed on landings and staircases, as well as in duplex apartments. These are modern models that fit well in the decoration of the premises.

Ceiling lamps are flat products that typically use ultrasonic sensors. They are installed on the ceilings of corridors, bathrooms and toilets. Self-contained products operate on batteries. They are placed in closets, closets, loggias and other places where it is difficult to get electricity. They are usually equipped with infrared sensors.

Separately, there is an LED lamp with motion and light sensors. It is a state-of-the-art device that is equipped with economical LEDs and an infrared sensor. Its use can reduce energy consumption by 90%.

How the lamp works

The lamp has a simple algorithm of action. The sensor analyzes the illumination of the room. If its level is insufficient, the device starts to work. If a moving object appears in the coverage area, which changes the reflection of the LED radiation flux on the sensor, then the signal at the output of the second LED changes. This change is detected by a differentiating circuit that feeds a signal to the elements that turn on the lamp. The lamp comes on.

Light fixtures equipped with sensors are often installed in apartments. They are posted:

• in offices and bedrooms;
• on stairs and landings;
• in kitchens, bathrooms and toilets;
• in wardrobes and closets;
• on the loggias.

Lamps that turn on and off automatically are often used as night lights. There is a huge selection of such devices in stores. Lamps with a motion sensor for an apartment are chosen taking into account its layout, the number and age of residents, as well as the location of devices.

The luminaire can be installed by yourself. The kit includes: a housing with a sensor, a cover, fasteners and plugs. The installation sequence is as follows:

• turn off the electricity and take out the cable;
• insert seals into it and stretch it into the lamp;
• fix the lamp in the chosen place;
• remove the insulation from the wires and connect to the terminals;
• screw a lamp into the lamp and install a plafond;
• check how the device works.

Luminaires with motion sensors are modern high-tech devices that save energy. Their use can significantly reduce the cost of electricity bills. The installation of these devices in apartments where the elderly and small children live is especially relevant.