The transition to energy-efficient resource use begins with understanding whether 6 watt incandescent lamp and LED are equal. To do this, it is necessary to understand the principle of operation of light sources of both types, to see the structural differences in performance. For the convenience of consumers, tables have been developed for comparing the power of different types of light bulbs. There are methods for calculating the lighting of premises by their areas using LED lamps.
Content
- Structural differences
- Power comparison
- Calculation of lighting from an LED lamp
Structural differences
The advantages and disadvantages of various light sources are predetermined by the principle of operation and the device. Traditional bulbs have been serving people for many years, they have several varieties, and LED bulbs have appeared relatively recently, but are gradually replacing ordinary bulbs. The most common emitters today are:
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Light bulbs with a tungsten filament, which, under the action of an electric current, heats up with the release of a large amount of heat and light. The working element is enclosed in a glass flask with a connecting base, filled with an inert gas. The main disadvantage is the low efficiency in terms of radiance.
- Halogen bulbs are another variety. Their improvement consists in improving color rendering, increasing light reflection due to adding iodine or bromine vapors to the gas composition of the flask - chemical elements belonging to the group halogens.
- Fluorescent lamps work under the influence of an electric current: a discharge inside a tube-bulb, covered with a phosphor in the cavity, is emitted in ultraviolet light and causes the applied powder to glow. The service life of such a structure is tens of times higher than the combustion of conventional incandescent products.
- LED bulbs. In them, the source of the glow is a semiconductor - the electric current flowing through it generates optical radiation. Part of the energy released in the pn transition region is converted into the visible spectrum.
LEDs first appeared in 1962 and their manufacturing technology was complex. Today, this type of lamp consists of a built-in driver for stabilizing the supply parameters, a cap and several emitting diodes.
Products are connected to a 12 or 220 V network. The latter option assumes the need to rectify the current, since LEDs do not work from alternating current.
Power comparison
The main criterion for assessing the quality of a product (from a consumer point of view) is the power of a light bulb in watts. To understand the ratio of the indicator for different types of shining bulbs, you can refer to the table.
| Light-emitting diode | 6 | 10 | 12 | 22 |
| Regular source | 50―60 | 75―80 | 90―100 | 150 |
| Halogen | 30 | 45 | 60 | 90 |
| Luminescent | 10 | 15 | 20 | 36 |
| Brightness, lm | 550 | 700 | 1200 | 1800 |
The table shows that LED lamps have the lowest power. The cold glow tubular element has the second largest energy.
The traditional heating principle is the most inefficient in terms of economy: 6 watts <50 W - both sources provide an illumination of 550 lumens.
| Parameter name | Conventional 60 W source | Optical device 6 W |
| Brightness, lumen | 600 | 550 |
| Luminous efficiency, lm / W | 10,0 | 91,7 |
| Color temperature, K | 2680 | 2700―6000 |
| Maximum working heating, ºС | 270 (at the top of the flask) | 65 (at the base) |
| Burning duration, thousand hours | 1,0 | 30,0 |
The energy efficiency of an LED lamp, taking into account the direct dependence of the indicator on the power consumption, is 10 times more than that of a conventional one. At the same time, the service life of the optical device is thirty times longer than the service life of a traditional incandescent source. There are also parameters by which lamps are compared:
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environmental friendliness - only luminescent devices are classified as dangerous, they are disposed of in a special order; - shock resistance or vandal-proof - LED products can withstand the load from falling from a low height, all other types of bulbs require careful handling;
- fire safety depends on the degree of heating: LED devices have the lowest.
According to all characteristics, a clear advantage is behind LED lamps. It only remains to add that their design is varied in shape (ball, candle, spiral) and colors. A relative disadvantage is the high cost, but it is completely leveled against the background of the superiority of the LED according to other criteria.
Calculation of lighting from an LED lamp
To select an LED analogue to a conventional radiation source, use power correspondence tables available for viewing on the Internet. The decision to replace is supported by the general recognition of the greatest safety of LEDs for humans compared to other sources. Looking into the passport of the device, you can calculate how many bulbs are needed to ensure good visibility in the room:
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determine the area of the room; - the normative value of brightness is taken from the reference book of building regulations SNiP;
- use the formula for calculating the number of bulbs R = P * H / F, where P is the square of the room (m2), H is the prescribed illumination in lux (lm / m2), and F is the brightness value from the device passport, lumen.
For a corridor of 12 m², H = 100 lx, and F = 550 lm for a 6 W LED device. The required number of sources R = 12 * 100/550 = 2.2. using the rounding rule, you can take 2 6 W LED bulbs to be installed.
