It is difficult to imagine a comfortable life in a private house without water supply. Outside the city, central systems are rarely installed, so the owners of cottages solve the problem of autonomous water supply on their own. The optimal, economical and convenient way to provide comfortable conditions for everyone living outside the city limits is to put water into the house from a well.
Content
- Variety of wells
- Tools and equipment
- Types of water supply
Variety of wells
Artesian and sand springs are suitable for installing the supply system. The latter option is suitable for small houses where average water consumption does not exceed one and a half cubic meters per hour. A sand well is quickly erected, no special equipment and large material costs are needed for construction.
This option is not suitable for a large cottage in which the inhabitants live all year round. The well depth does not exceed 50 m, which does not provide clean water supply. It is cleaner than in conventional wells, but it may contain impurities and harmful substances. The service life of the sand spring reaches ten years, and the productivity does not exceed 500 liters.
A deeper (up to 100 m) artesian well provides an unlimited supply of water. With proper operation, the service life of the source is more than 50 years.
But to drill such a well, you need to attract special equipment and professionals. Although the cost of the work is high, it is not worth saving on the construction of the source.
Tools and equipment
Features of the arrangement of water supply from a well depend on the characteristics and depth of the source. It is necessary to prepare certain equipment, tools and parts:
- submersible pump;
- ball valve with a diameter of 32 mm;
-
device for pumping air; - pressure gauge and pressure switch;
- protective machine;
- hydropneumatic tank;
- several couplings - underwater cable connection and combined detachable;
- check valve;
- cartridge mechanical filter;
- drain pipe;
- pressure pipeline;
- cross, head.
A water supply scheme for a private house from a well can be found on the Internet. The key element is the pump. It is he who ensures the stable rise of water from the source and its flow into the house.
It is enough to select a device with a diameter of 4 inches with additional protection against dry running. This will protect the pump from damage and overheating if there is a minimum water level in the source.
They also install a caisson made of plastic or metal, it does not allow dirt and debris to get into the water. The reservoir connects the pump to the source and controls its further operation. When arranging a well in a private house, it is better to use polymer pipes. The material does not corrode, it bends easily, but at the same time highly resistant to temperature changes and mechanical damage. A septic tank is installed for the sewerage system. It has receiving chambers and waste water filtration equipment.
Types of water supply
Water supply to a house from a well can be arranged in several ways. An autonomous system is usually set up:
- with an automated station;
- with a deep pump.
If the source is located shallow, then it is necessary to equip the station. The principle of its work is that water with a submersible pump enters the pneumatic container volume from 100 to 500 liters. The tank is separated by a rubber diaphragm and relays that control the fluid pressure. If the container is full, then the equipment is turned off. When the water decreases, the sensor is triggered and the pump starts to work.
The device can function after reducing the pressure inside the tank or directly, supplying clean water to the system.
The tank itself can be placed in any convenient room, most often a separate utility room is allocated for it in the house. An electric cable is inserted into the trench that connects the caisson with the entry point of the pipeline into the building to power the system. It is better to choose a heating wire, it will not let the pipes freeze in winter when the soil is severely frozen.
If a submersible pump was chosen, then the storage tank is placed at the highest point of the house (in the attic). This placement creates the effect of a water tower. That is, the pressure arises from the height difference between the tank and the water outlet points. A container with a volume of 500-1500 liters must be made of durable plastic or stainless steel. The water supply depends precisely on the size of the tank.
Automatic activation of the system will ensure the installation of a float switch. You need to choose a pump based on its performance. The speed at which the tank is filled and the maximum water flow rate are important. The pump with wires and pipes is lowered into the well; it is previously suspended by a winch on a cable. The check valve is located higher, which maintains optimal pressure and does not allow water to go back to the source.
After installing the equipment, you need to check the internal wiring, connect it to the control panel. The cost of drilling a well depends on its depth, type of pump, location and number of water intake points, and the work of engineers.
