Sockets for the phone and the Internet: basic standards, features and installation methods

A telephone socket can be used to connect the device to a line or a branch line. In this case, it becomes possible to connect it to the network in different rooms. There are various types of outlets, which have their own characteristics in the installation method and structure. In order to make the right choice of a device, it is necessary to study its characteristics in more detail.

Characteristics of sockets

The device can be connected in a hidden and open (wall-mounted, overhead) way. In the latter case, the socket is mounted on the wall, and the wires are pulled from the outside without gating. In another installation option, it is inserted into a socket box, mounted together with the wiring into the wall under a layer of plaster.

All types of telephone sockets have the following components:

• Housing made of non-conductive ceramic or plastic materials.
• Spring loaded contacts. They are made from metal. The current through the contacts passes through the plug and wires to the phone.
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• Clamps that provide connection of the wiring to the network.

Main types of devices

Types of sockets replace each other and are improved with the advent of new technologies. More modern and versatile RJ-11 often replace the RTShK-4 standard.

The connector of the new model does not differ from other types, but the number of wires in the common cable changes.

The sockets for the telephone and the Internet are divided into 5 standards:

• RTShK-4. An obsolete and rarely used type. The design of the socket includes a housing and a filling of four contacts. The fork has 4 metal plates. The plastic pin is in the center and gives the connection extra rigidity.
• RJ-11, RJ-12. Widely used modern options designed for different types of phones. They can have two, four or six contacts. This type is best suited for residential installations.
• RJ-14. The standard that is set in offices for connecting modems, faxes and other similar devices. To use two lines at the same time, you need to purchase a model with four pins that connect to four-wire cables.
• RJ-25. This variant is also common in office spaces. It includes six connectors for modems, LANs and faxes.
• Combined. The design of this device combines RJ-11 and RTShK-4 sockets.
• RJ-45. A special connector for connecting complex circuits to the network in modems and laptops.

Connection options

The methods of connecting the cable directly depend on the type of sockets used. For the most common and versatile RJ-11 and RJ-12 models there are a number of rules:

• The device can contain 2 or 4 small contacts. The recess through which the conductors of the power cable will pass should be located in the center of the structure.
• Telephone sets are connected to two contacts located in the center.
• The deepening of the veins is carried out with a crossover knife or an ordinary knife.
• Before placing the cores, the wire is stripped 4 cm.
• For hidden installation, it is better to use a KSPV cable with a copper core. TRP in this version plays the role of a distributor.

Required tools

Before installation, you need to prepare tools and materials that may be needed during work. Their list includes:

• a socket of a suitable type;
• a screwdriver with a handle isolated from the current;
• puncher;
• socket box;
• nippers;
• cable (when installing a new outlet);
• knife;
• insulating tape;
• self-tapping screws;
• multimeter;
• marker or pencil;
• protective gloves;
• Double-sided tape.

Stages of work

The instructions for flush and surface mounting differ slightly. In the first option installation includes the following steps:

1. Protective rubber gloves are put on hands.
2. Using a side cutter, a 4 cm long insulation layer is removed from the wire. It is important not to scratch the wires when stripping.
3. The polarity of the contacts is determined by a multimeter. This procedure is desirable, but you can do without it.
4. Contacts are connected to conductors.
5. The cable cores are connected and fixed with screws. If the device has 4 contacts, then you need to connect the two central ones.
6. The socket is fixed to the wall with tape. Self-tapping screws can be used for a stronger fix.
7. The cover is put on.

The hidden installation is done a little differently. They mount it like this:

1. On the wall, the marking of the future location of the device and wiring is carried out.
2. A hole is drilled with a perforator, into which a socket is inserted and fixed with self-tapping screws.
3. The device is mounted in a socket with spacer screws.
4. After installation, electricity is turned on and the functionality of the outlet is checked.

Devices can be of single or double design. For home use, one connector is usually sufficient. In offices, it may be necessary to connect several phones, for which a double type of socket is suitable.

Installation tips

Models with hidden wiring look more harmonious in the interior, but their installation requires wall chasing and breaking the decorative coating. For reliability and safety, it is better to choose products from well-known companies that have proven themselves in the market.

Many socket manufacturers apply pin numbering. In its absence, you can navigate by the colors of the wires. Contacts with white stripes are positive, and solid contacts are negative.

Older appliances will have different markings. Black, orange, and green are positive pins, while yellow, red, and blue are negative pins.

Different types of outlets have their own configuration and installation features. If you follow the instructions, you can quickly and easily install the device.