The main electrical protective equipment is provided with insulation that can withstand the operating mains voltage for a long period. Additional equipment does not protect the user from electric shock. They only supplement the main protection products, protecting a person from touch and step voltage. Any means of this group provides effective electrical safety when working in a switchgear.
Content
- Classification principles
- Main group
- Specialist recommendations
- Standard Requirements
- Storage conditions
Classification principles
In electrical installations, basic and additional protective equipment is provided, which, taking into account the voltage class, are used up to 1000 V and above. When operating the equipment, any means of protection cannot 100% ensure safety for the employee. For example, when a person is near a live device, there is a possibility of accidental contact.
To prevent the negative effects of such a phenomenon, special insulation is required for the tool and the worker. One more example:
accidental supply of current to a disconnected network that is under repair. To prevent electric shock, use basic and additional protection means in electrical installations.Each group has its own characteristics, according to which the products differ from each other. For example, gloves, boots and galoshes are used taking into account the operating temperature range and size. A more complex device has more parameters. In addition to operating conditions and dimensions, devices are characterized by certain ranges of network parameters.
Main group
The list of the main protective equipment used in the network above 1000 V includes pliers and rods, indicators voltage, measuring clamps, as well as other devices that ensure safety when tests. Additional funds include boots, gloves, carpets, dielectric supports, bars and ladders.
If there is no 1000 V in the network, additional SZ are used in the form of capes, carpets, galoshes, ladders. A shielding suit is used to prevent the employee from exposing the employee to a high voltage electric field. To protect the head, upper and lower extremities, respiratory organs, special helmets, glasses, gloves, gas masks are used. To prevent the employee from falling, a safety belt is put on. Special suits protect from the electric arc.
Another SZ group includes kits that protect against high voltage electric fields. These include shielding kits and devices, posters, various safety signs, portable grounding. The third type includes individual protection means:
- helmets;
- glasses;
- fencing shields;
- mittens;
- respirators;
- belay ropes.
Specialist recommendations
When choosing means of electrical protection, it is necessary to take into account some of the recommendations of professionals. If a device with an insulating dielectric handle is used, there must be a ring at the end of the handle. Devices that operate on a network above 1000 V are operated with handles over 5 mm in height. If the voltage is below the specified value, the handle height may be 3 mm.
The insulating part is a dielectric material that does not absorb moisture.
It is characterized by high, stable mechanical properties. The surface of the handle is smooth, without defects. Design features prevent phase-to-earth short circuits.
Overalls include special overalls, which should be in many enterprises. Nitrile rubber gloves are heat resistant. Hand-held insulated tools include screwdrivers, wire cutters, pliers. They are made in 2 versions:
- conductive partially or completely covered with insulation;
- insulating with metal inserts.
Standard Requirements
The considered SZ before purchase must be checked for compliance with some requirements. The insulating layer must not be removed. For its application, a durable moisture-resistant material is used. The rod insulation ends 10 mm before the tip end.
Nippers, pliers and pliers should have handles with stops up to 5-10 mm. If you buy utility knives, pay attention to the length of the insulation - more than 10 cm. In production, you can use dielectric gloves:
- seamless;
- with a seam;
- 3 and 5 fingers.
Their length is up to 350 mm. It is best to buy gloves that are sized to fit over fabric gloves. The width of the protective gloves allows them to be pulled over the sleeves of the garment. Before purchase, the product is checked for contamination and various damage, including punctures.
From protective footwear, galoshes and boots are more often used. The first product is used when working in a network up to 1000 V, and bots - in any network.
The composition of safety shoes includes a rubber upper, grooved sole, textile lining. The height of the bot should not be less than 160 mm. Better to buy shoes with cuffs.
Storage conditions
In addition to the rules for selection and operation, the employee must know the storage conditions for protective equipment. SZ are stored in conditions that ensure their serviceability and the possibility of subsequent use. Experts refer to such conditions:
- protection against moisture, dirt, damage of a different nature;
- being in a closed room;
- storage in a specially equipped place.
A large device in the form of a rod or pincers must be stored in a special shield with hooks, and a small SZ - on a rack or in a closet.
Operation of an electrical installation is potentially dangerous for personnel, as it can cause electric shock. To prevent such a phenomenon, it is recommended to use electrical protective equipment. They are individual, collective, complementary, and basic. When choosing, a thorough check is made of their appearance, as well as compliance with the quality of GOST.
