Basically, heating systems in country houses and enterprises are equipped with electronics. Electricity in the grid is not always stable, so owners prefer to buy generators for backup power supply. To provide constant voltage, the units are connected to the central network and a toggle switch is connected so that there is no parallel connection of the equipment.
Content
- Operation of the device
-
Circuit breaker design and characteristics
- Two-way and three-way devices
- Automated products
Operation of the device
The device is designed to disconnect the electrical load in one source and connect to another point. A rocker switch is also called a cut-off switch. There are models that extinguish the arc without this function.
The device is installed only when the voltage is off in the premises network. Otherwise, the owner of a private house or an employee during the installation process risks getting serious injury at the time of electric shock.
There are two options for operation. In the first case, the system is equipped with automation, and the operating mode occurs at a given time. In the second case, the operator acts on the switch manually, lowering or raising it, thereby reversing the equipment system.
According to all the rules, the lever is made with insulating rubber - this is necessary to exclude a person's electric shock.
Circuit breaker design and characteristics
The device is equipped with a sturdy housing, the filling of which consists of movable knife contacts attached to the shaft, control lever, arc extinguishing compartment, stationary contacts, as well as terminal parts for connection to networks.
The device has three contacts, two of which are active, and the third is neutral, which ensures complete disconnection of the load from the power line.
Switching on occurs according to a simple scheme: a central conductive line is connected to the first contact, a diesel or gasoline generator is connected to the second. The most popular switches are considered to be 2 and 4 poles. The main rules for connecting a breaker in a room from a three-phase power supply:
- A four-pole device is selected.
- The 4 existing terminals are connected to the upstream network.
- The other 4 terminal blocks are connected to the generator.
- Copper connectors are used to connect the load.
Three of the four terminals are for phase, and the last for zero. Reversing switch has the following characteristics:
- filling elements do not collapse under high temperature;
- a short fluctuation in the network will not take the device out of service;
- high-quality insulation excludes electrocution;
- manufacturers make devices with a rated current of 15 to 125 A
- a large number of poles can be switched by a changeover.
According to the recommendations of electricians, the switch can be used for a long time, since it has an impressive number of switching cycles.
Two-way and three-way devices
For single-phase electrical circuits, two-way devices are used. The switches are equipped with feed-through capacitors and two or three modules. Together with the switch, a 300 volt power supply can be used simultaneously in operation.
A switch is installed in almost all types of electrical panels. It is strictly forbidden to expose the device to overvoltage over 350 volts. Average load indicator - 30 A.
For industrial organizations with a two-phase circuit, three-way switches are used. They more functional and equipped with blockers. These models of devices have increased sensitivity and, in the event of a significant overload, thanks to the protection system, they will not fail. They are sold at a higher price than the first version of the products.
Automated products
Manual models of devices have a significant drawback - in order to reverse the equipment, the presence of a person is necessary, without whom such manipulations cannot be done in any way. This is inconvenient, especially at the time of strong fluctuations in the voltage in the center line. Manufacturers have eliminated this drawback and made an automated switch ATS.
The automatic introductory reserve looks like a whole block. It is not recommended to mount the device without proper knowledge, since the system has a complex connection. However, experts make such devices from ordinary relay elements, which are at a low price. Homemade works according to the following principle:
- Connect the device to a common power supply line.
- During operation of the switch, the load circuit closes the relay with well-open contacts, and the same closed-contact part to which the generator is connected opens.
- If the current begins to disappear in the network, then the work is performed according to the reverse combination, and the unit is operated further in the absence of voltage and without human intervention.
The toggle switch has many advantages. It not only switches the generator, but also protects all equipment that was connected to a common power line from overload.
Consequently, all these elements do not fail, and in the event of a loss of voltage, the equipment continues to fully function.
