It is quite difficult to repair tools, but some breakdowns can be repaired by yourself. Craftsmen can repair the inverter with their own hands. To do this, it is enough to understand the design and principles of operation of the device and be able to determine the cause of the problem. This will save money on professional service.
Content
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Device design
- Maintenance
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Causes of breakdowns
- Self repair
Device design
The main purpose of the inverter is the formation of constant welding electricity, it is obtained by rectifying an alternating high-frequency current. The device can increase its strength to such an indicator that is necessary for work. This procedure is performed by a compact transformer.
The device contains the following main components:
- rectifier unit;
- inverter element;
- a step-down transformer;
- rectifier.
The primary unit is based on a diode bridge. This element rectifies alternating electricity that comes from a standard network. The transistor assembly is located in the inverter element. It is here that direct current is converted into alternating current with a frequency of 75-100 kHz.
A high frequency transformer lowers the incoming voltage, thereby increasing the strength of the outgoing electricity. The current strength can reach 250 A. The rectifier is assembled from power diodes, it is here that the high-frequency current is rectified for welding work.
Maintenance
Due to the complex design of inverter welding machines, their repair has a number of features. All devices of this type are electronic, so at least a superficial knowledge of radio engineering is required. And you also need to be able to handle measuring instruments: an oscilloscope, a voltmeter and a multimeter.
During repair and maintenance first check the status of the main elements: diodes, transistors, diodes, chokes, transformers, zener diodes and resistors.
The problem with self-repair is that it is sometimes difficult to identify a broken item. Therefore, they check all the components in turn, but for this you need to learn to understand electronic circuits. It is better to learn on cheap models of inverters, which are not a pity to spoil.
Having acquired at least minimal experience, you can start repairing the device. And you also need to identify the cause of the breakdown of a particular part.
Causes of breakdowns
There are only two problems that can lead to a malfunction of the device: the wrong choice of operating mode and the failure of some elements.
The nature of the problem depends on its cause and how to fix it.:
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metal spatter or unstable arc - the result of improperly selected welding electricity, it is necessary to edit the current strength; - sticking of the electrode occurs when the network voltage is low, the wire cross-section is not suitable, the contacts are burnt, or the extension cord is too long, you need to choose a cable of the optimal length and diameter;
- the absence of welding is caused by a wire break or poor contact with the part, it is necessary to check the integrity of the cables and normally connect the clamp to the metal element;
- the voltage is disconnected in the event of a malfunction of the automatic device, which is better to replace;
- the overheating indicator is on - the load duration has been exceeded, you need to stop working and cool the device.
If a malfunction of a different nature is observed, and after all the procedures carried out, the work has not been restored, then the problem lies in the electronic circuit.
The most common electronics problems:
- moisture penetration into the inverter;
- accumulation of dust on the diagram;
- overheating of electronic components.
Water can get inside the device if precipitation has accumulated on the case. Dust does not allow the circuit to cool normally; you need to periodically clean the surface of the device. Most of the contamination gets under the body in dusty work areas - outdoors or in industrial premises.
If the device remained on for a long time, then the circuits overheat and refuse to work. In this case, do-it-yourself repair of welding inverters is not carried out, it is trusted by specialists.
Self repair
If the cause of the breakdown is inside the device, then you need to disassemble it and check the electronics. Wires or poorly soldered parts may be poorly connected. Damaged elements are usually swollen, darkened, cracked. They are soldered from the board and replaced with new ones. If the marking is not visible on the parts, then it is checked against the table from the Internet.
Schemes after attaching new elements check with a multimeter. They begin to measure from transistors and power blocks, their circuits may also be faulty. Then the rest of the elements are tested, the surface is examined for broken contacts and burnt parts. Such places are cleaned and the jumpers are soldered. At the end of the repair, the contacts on the key control board are called. They are cleaned with an ordinary stationery eraser.
A rather complex repair of a welding machine can be done at home. The master needs to be able to understand the boards and external elements of the device. If you do not have certain skills and knowledge, then it is better to entrust the procedure to a specialist.
