Hardware for plastic doors

Plastic doors made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profiles have recently become an integral part of any administrative building or office center. They are also installed in schools, hospitals, kindergartens, etc.

Naturally, for such doors, special high quality fittings were also needed, corresponding to them in style and color. The range of such products is extremely diverse.

The most common among them:

1. Locks of various designs.
2. Pens.
3. Hinges.
4. Closers.
5. Limiters.

Purpose and description of elements

Any door is designed to perform certain functions. It should provide sound insulation, separate separate rooms, serve as a decoration for a room, etc.

In order for the door to reliably and efficiently perform the functions assigned to it, it is necessary to use high-quality fittings during its manufacture and installation. At the same time, the elements of the fittings must meet the requirements and work for a long time, while maintaining an aesthetic appearance.

Hinges

Hinges - one of the most important structural elements that are used when installing doors. They serve to connect the door leaves to the frame and determine whether the leaves will be firmly fixed and how convenient it will be to open and close? Three hinges are installed on one sash of a plastic door - two in the upper part and one in the lower.

In general, a hinge consists of:

1. Frame partand with pins.
2. Sash part with a metal tab.

In addition, the hinge kit includes:

• Teflon spacer sleeve, which is necessary to connect the door leaf with the frame.
• A set of fasteners.

The industry produces a large number of very different hinges, which are distinguished (classified) by:

1. Width (for narrow profiles - no more than 90 mm, for wide ones - up to 110 mm).
2. According to the permissible load (80 kg - narrow profile, 160 kg - wide).
3. By the method of attachment.
4. By design.
5. By material of manufacture.
6. According to the possibilities of adjustment.

Locks

The main function of the door lock - protection and safety of the premises and its owner. After all, the door leaf is the first obstacle on the way of a potential intruder.

The design of the locks used in plastic doors is very diverse, but most often they are used:

1. Mortise latching single point lockwhich keeps the sash closed in one place. As a rule, it is installed in doors that are inside the premises. The cylinder locking mechanism has one key tongue on both sides of the door.
2. Multi-point rail lock, which are most often completed with external plastic doors. The lock kit includes a long metal bar with anti-burglary hooks or standard cylindrical locking elements. These elements (3... 7 pieces) are displaced when the key moves, pressing the door leaf to the frame along its entire length. The rack and pinion mechanism has a simple design and does not require special maintenance;
3. Invisible castle - one of the latest developments - a lock in which the locking mechanism is controlled by an electronic device. Differs in the absence of a keyhole and opens by pressing a button located on the remote control or anywhere else.
4. Electromechanical or electromagnetic locksworking as part of security alarm systems or video surveillance. To open the locks that are part of such systems, special code panels, controllers, magnetic plastic cards, etc. are used.

Pens

Pens - one of the most exploited elements of door hardware.

Handles are more likely to be mechanically damaged than other elements.

Distinguish:

1. With key - are used for balcony, interior or vestibule doors. Inside the handle there is a locking mechanism that does not allow it to change position (open the sash) after turning the key.
2. Classic (push) - in order to open the door, you need to press the handle. At the same time, the tongue disengages from the corresponding strip and releases the sash.
3. Round, the principle of operation of which is similar to the push handles. The difference is that the handle must be turned to release the tongue.
4. Office - equipped with a cylindrical tongue that releases the door when pulled. They can be straight or oval. Doors equipped with such handles are recommended to be equipped with door closers.

Door closers

The main function of the door closer - close the door yourself. The principle of operation of this mechanism is very simple: the mechanical energy arising from the opening of the sash compresses the spring, which is placed in the door closer body.

When the door is released, the spring is released and the sash closes. Its sharp slamming is prevented by a special viscous oil poured into the door closer body. In addition, door closers are able to fix the position of the door leaf.

Depending on the installation method, a distinction is made between:

1. Upper - in which the transfer of energy is carried out using a slide or knee mechanism.
2. Lower - used as an additional support and installed in the floor.
3. Hidden.

To fix the doors (hold open function) in door closers use:

1. Spring loaded stopper (slide mechanism).
2. Locking levers (knee mechanism).
3. Special locking (90 or 105 degrees) lugslocated on the axis (bottom or hidden door closer).

According to the European standard EN 1154, there are 7 classes of door closers for different types of door leaves: from EN1 (light) to EN7 (heavy).

Limiters

Decorative limiters - special devices that protect the door leaf and nearby walls or objects from damage. They are installed on the floor and prevent inadmissible movement of the sash. Their design is limited only by the manufacturer's imagination, and their service life is unlimited.

Eyes

Another important element of the fittings is the door peephole. It allows you to visually identify a potential visitor. The main technical parameter of all eyes is the viewing angle. It must be at least 120 degrees. A peephole is selected based on the thickness of a particular door leaf.

Materials (edit)

For the manufacture of door fittings, almost the entire range of existing materials is used. In this case, metal is taken as a basis.

So, for example, when making loops, they use:

1. Aluminum or zinc (TsAM) alloys - for the manufacture of cases.
2. Stainless steelb - for pins.
3. Teflon - in the process of manufacturing the spacer sleeve.
4. Galvanized steel - for fasteners.

Considering the constant mechanical stress to which the handles are exposed during operation, the material of the protective and decorative coatings and the quality of their application are of great importance.

As a rule, these are multilayer coatings using chromium, nickel, gilding and zirconium, which are subjected to additional processing after application:

1. Polishing.
2. Matting.
3. Brushing.
4. Powder coating.

In the manufacture of door locks, a wide range of materials are also used, which should provide increased resistance to various mechanical influences.

Among them:

1. Steel.
2. Copper, aluminum or zinc alloys.
3. Plastic.
4. Sintered metal.

However, the lock case must be made of high strength steel, with hardened steel being considered the most reliable material. To increase strength and give anti-corrosion properties, protective coatings (chromium, nickel, oxidation) are applied to all metal parts of door locks.

The peephole bodies are made of metal or plastic. For optical parts, glass or transparent plastic (dacryl) is used.

Selection criteria, cost and manufacturers

The domestic market offers potential buyers a wide range of door fittings. It must correspond to the type of doors and be combined with the interior elements of the premises in which they are installed.

At the same time, the main selection criterion should be the compliance of the fittings with its purpose:

1. If the hardware is intended for entrance doors, then the main requirement is to prevent hacking.
2. For interior doors design requirements may be the main criteria when choosing fittings.

A wide range of door hardware is characterized by a wide range of prices for its elements. At the same time, the cost of a particular element depends both on the quality of manufacture and on the materials that are used in the production process.

In addition, the manufacturer's brand is of great importance in determining the price. For example, if the cost of a set of door handles does not exceed 800 rubles, then the country where they are produced is China.

A set of pens of average quality, distinguished by a good price / quality ratio, is produced by the well-known Chinese company Arhie. Its price is 1107 rubles.

Italy is recognized worldwide as the leader in the production of various fittings, including for plastic doors. The fittings produced by the enterprises of this country are distinguished by their sophistication, high quality workmanship and reliability.

Italian fittings can decorate any interior. True, and the price of Italian fittings is much more expensive. For example, the average price for a set “2 handles + lock + 2 hinges” will cost the consumer 2600 rubles.

Products of many companies (more than 130) from different countries of the world are presented on the domestic market.

The most famous among them are:

1. Italian company AGB Alban Giacomo - founded over 50 years ago. The range of products is over 20,000 different products.
2. Spanish company Herrajes Ramos - has been present on the world market for over 20 years.
3. Chinese company Archie - one of the most famous manufacturers of high quality door hardware, which is sold at affordable prices.

You can purchase various accessories at:

1. Retail chains.
2. Numerous market pavilions.
3. Online stores.

Hardware specialists recommend:

• Buy fittings only from well-known brands.
• Use the services of enterpriseshaving documents that confirm the origin of the products.
• Purchase accessories in a comprehensive manner from one seller - this will provide an opportunity to receive the necessary consultations, as well as certain discounts, which will somewhat reduce the purchase price.