The construction of private houses from various building blocks has become widespread due to the low cost and good performance characteristics of the material. A very important stage of construction is laying the foundation of the building. Errors made in this case can lead to serious trouble, even to the point of declaring it unusable or to complete destruction.
It is not worth thinking that the use of relatively light materials, such as building blocks, does not require compliance with certain production technologies. Due to the relative fragility, a house of building blocks requires the creation of a solid and perfectly even foundation. Significant deviations from the horizontal, the presence of protrusions or depressions on the surface of the foundation, can lead to internal stresses in the bearing walls. As a result, they can begin to crack and collapse.
A similar picture will be observed with insufficient deepening of the foundation, as well as a mismatch of its type of soil bearing capacity. Experts provide the possibility of using for houses from building blocks of strip, columnar or slab foundations. Other types of grounds for such houses are not recommended.
The choice of the type of foundation should depend on several factors - this is the characteristic of the soil on the site, the depth of freezing, the number of floors of the house and the size of the budget for construction. The main condition for selection, of course, is the soil. Therefore, you need to know its composition, the depth of freezing and occurrence of subsoil waters.
If the bearing capacity of the soil is high enough, and the water lies at a depth of more than two meters, use a strip foundation. If the water level is above this mark, you will have to equip the drainage system. This will significantly increase the cost of work, but will protect the house from damage.
Soil with the location of subsurface water at the level of half a meter will require the construction of a slab foundation without foundation. The site is being built right on the surface of the soil. The presence of binder reinforcement in it prevents deformation of the walls of the house, evenly distributing the load.
On clay and peat soils, columnar foundations are being erected. They are a series of piles located at a short distance from each other and connected from above by a common base - grillage.
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