A private house is a comprehensive well-functioning human life support system. It is difficult to imagine a house without light, sewer and water supply. For the systems to work properly, you need to mount them correctly. Water supply is no exception, how to properly conduct water into the house, at what depth to lay pipes and what mistakes to avoid you will learn from the article.
The main mistakes in the manufacture of water supply
If in winter an ice jam formed in the water system, this threatens with big troubles. Firstly, the house will be left without water supply, and secondly, on a frozen site, water can break pipes. If nothing is done, the water in the system naturally thaws only in spring. Therefore, to make winter seem like a great time of the year, you need to avoid the main mistakes when installing water supply in the summer.
Often problems with freezing water supply are associated with the three most common errors:
- Wrong material choice;
- Incorrect laying of the water supply in the trench;
- Lack of insulation.
Incorrect installation of the water supply system causes the formation of ice plugs. Before laying the pipe in the trench, you need to find out the depth of soil freezing in the region and dig a hole 50 cm deeper. The bottom is leveled with crushed stone, and a pillow is made of sand. After they lay the pipeline and fill it with gravel so that the pipes are not visible. The rest of the trench is covered with earth.
Recently, craftsmen have not recommended the use of metal pipes. They are difficult to mount, this requires an experienced welder. Microcracks form at the weld joints over time, through which water begins to seep. Metal cools quickly, and under the same conditions, water in a metal pipe freezes faster than in a plastic one.
Masters recommend for the private sector to purchase the PND PN10 pipe made of a polymeric material. They lay the pipe in a trench with a slight slope so that the water runs easier, especially for sewers.
Saving on insulation for the pipeline is one of the main reasons for freezing water. Insulating the pipeline with polyethylene insulation is an effective option to protect it from frost. The insulation is easily mounted, strung on the pipe from above. The material is easily bent, as it is made of polyethylene foam, installation can be done on the finished structure. For reliability, the water supply is insulated in two layers, using insulation of different diameters.
Ways to eliminate freezing of the water supply
The best way to protect the water supply from ice plugs is to put it in the ground to a depth below the freezing level. Each region has its own indicator, for the middle zone of Russia it is 90 - 120 cm. Due to the density, the soil retains heat well and prevents the freezing temperature from deeply freezing the ground.
Work begins with the preparation of the project. I carefully think over the scheme, and take into account all the possible nuances. This is done so that if there are difficulties to know how to solve them.
The project indicates the properties of the soil: loose, rocky, sandy, it is important to know this in order to choose the correct pipe laying depth. It is important to make a detailed path diagram from the well to the room with insets and turns, indicate the size of the pipes and the type of connection.
You can protect the water supply from freezing in two ways: passive and active. This does not mean that you need to choose only one. Both methods are important, and they must be applied together.
The passive method of insulation includes part of the work on choosing the material and laying the pipe in a trench.
Material requirements. The pipe should be:
- From the heat-insulating material: polyethylene or plastic;
- Diameters from 20 mm to 40 mm;
- Put in a trench with a slope of at least 4;
- Buried below the freezing depth;
- Packed in a casing for insulation.
It is undesirable to use metal pipes to install them; metal is quickly cooled. The active method includes the work of defrosting the water supply.
Active measures to prevent freezing of water:
- Connections are made easily removable, this will allow easy access to a frozen site;
- A cable is connected to the pipe, which is heated by electric current. Turn on for 10 to 15 minutes;
- In frosts above 15 ° C, tap water is turned on every two hours. Flowing water does not freeze;
- So that unforeseen circumstances do not cause trouble, the water supply device must be treated responsibly;
- Performing passive and active measures, the water will not freeze even in frost -40 C.
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