Read on and find out what a scroll compressor is, where scroll compressors are used, how a scroll compressor works, features of scroll compressors, their design.
The content of the article
- Scroll compressor - what is it. Where are they used
- How scroll compressors work
- Scroll compressors, operation features. The device of scroll compressors
Scroll compressor - what is it. Where are they used
Scroll compressors are a type of compressors (devices that compress and store air for later use). The working elements of compression are two springs. One of them is mobile, the second is static. Scroll compressors are used in refrigeration equipment to ensure stable circulation of the refrigerant inside the appliance.
Active use of this type of compressors in the production of refrigeration devices began at the end of the 20th century, at the beginning of the 2000s.
Today they are installed in heat pumps, refrigerators, chillers, split systems and other cooling equipment.
How scroll compressors work
The principle of operation of standard scroll compressors is as follows:
There are two springs inside the sealed case. One of them is fixed, the second is connected to the motor shaft. The fan or pump pumps air, gas, refrigerant or other liquid to the springs. The springs themselves are placed so that sealed sections are formed between them. Air/liquid fills such a section, after which the electric motor is turned on. It moves the spring so as to move the sealed section of air further down the spiral. So portions of air move along the spirals to their center. Gradually, the air pressure rises along the way, in the center it is maximum. A gas / liquid outlet pipe is connected to the center, through which compressed refrigerant or air passes. It gets into the supercharger, where it accumulates. The gas then goes to the condenser. Further - depending on the needs of the equipment.
Scroll compressors are highly efficient. This is due to the peculiarities of their work - the gas is compressed gradually in the direction of movement along the spiral. Unlike reciprocating or screw compressors, there are many gas contact points. This increases the durability of the equipment and its useful life.
Scroll compressors, operation features. The device of scroll compressors
Each scroll compressor consists of:
- Electric motor.
- Vala.
- Spiral connected to the motor shaft (movable spiral).
- Fence tubes.
- Outlet pipes.
- Oldham couplings.
- bearings.
- Check valve.
- Pressure switch/boxes with terminals.
- Corps.
- Fixed spiral.
The main difference between scroll compressors is that they have a minimum number of contacting parts, therefore, there is less friction and less oil used than their counterparts. Because of this and because of the durability, reliability, efficiency of scroll compressors, they are used in almost every refrigeration unit.
Another feature of such devices is efficiency. Everything here is explained by the fact that the engine spends less energy than in the same piston and rotary ones. As the spiral moves, the pressure of the gas and the temperature of its vapors increase, and a new portion of the gas fills the newly formed section. This uniform distribution and the difference in pressure and temperature help to rotate the spiral. As a result, the motor saves energy.
You can adjust the speed of steam compression in the apparatus by increasing or decreasing the number of shaft revolutions. That is, the more the shaft rotates, the faster the spring pumps and compresses the gas, the less - the slower. In the latest models, you can also adjust the volume / distance between the springs - the amount of gas compressed at a time. If necessary, you can run such a scroll compressor dry.
