The uniform distribution of heat in the house with an autonomous heating system is due to the used model of the pumping device. This equipment ensures the forced movement of a warm medium through pipes and radiators.
To determine which scheme of connection of the heating pump will be optimal for self-realization, many details have to be taken into account. In this article we will look at possible connection schemes in detail, analyze the connection rules in detail.
And also we will pay attention to the subtleties of choosing a place for installation, adding material with thematic photos and diagrams.
The content of the article:
- Pros and cons of using a heating pump
-
The choice of the place of insertion of the device into the system
- Where can I put the pump?
- Are there any exceptions to the rule?
- Heating with a group of individual highways
- Schemes for different types of systems
- Pump and solid fuel boiler
- Pump Installation Diagram
- Installation of additional equipment
- Power Connection Rules
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Pros and cons of using a heating pump
A couple of decades ago, in the private sector, houses were equipped with gravity-type heating. A wood stove or a gas boiler was used as a heat source. For overall circulation devices, there was only one area of application - the central heating network.
Today, manufacturers of equipment for heating offer smaller units with the following advantages:
- Increased speed of movement of thermal media. Heat developed by the boiler quickly enters the radiators. Due to this, the process of warming up the premises has significantly accelerated.
- The greater the speed of movement, the higher the throughput of pipes. This means that an identical amount of heat can be delivered to the rooms by a trunk with a smaller diameter.
- Water heating schemes have undergone significant changes.. The highway can be laid with the slightest slope. Also, the complexity and length of the line can be anything. The main rule is the rational choice of the heating pump based on the required power.
- With the help of a household circulation device, the organization of underfloor heating became possible. in the house, as well as an efficient heating system of a closed type.
- Now you can hide the entire heating line communicationspassing through the room, which is not always safely combined with the design of the room. Quite widespread options for laying pipes for suspended ceilings, in walls or under the flooring.
The disadvantages of pumping systems include the conditionality of the functioning of the supply of electricity and its expenditure by the pumping apparatus during the heating season.
Leading firm Grundfos, engaged in the development of equipment for heating, has released innovative models of circulation pumps. Alpfa2 capable of changing performance based on the needs of the heating system, which saves on consumption electricity
Therefore, if the site often loses its power supply, it will be advisable to install a device to provide electricity in an uninterrupted mode. The second flaw is not critical and can be fixed. correct selection power and circulation pump model.
The choice of the place of insertion of the device into the system
The installation of the circulation pump is assumed to be on the site immediately after the heat generator, without reaching the first branch line. The chosen pipeline does not matter - it can be either a supply or a return line.
Where can I put the pump?
Modern models of household units for heating, made of high quality materials, withstand a maximum temperature of 100 ° C. However, the majority of systems are not designed for higher heating medium heating.
The temperature indicator of the coolant in the network of personal heating rarely reaches even up to 70 ° C. The boiler also does not heat water above 90 degrees
Its performance will be equally effective both on the feed and on the return branch.
And that's why:
- The density of water when heated to 50 ° C is 987 kg / m3, and at 70 degrees - 977.9 kg / m3;
- The heating unit is capable of generating a hydrostatic pressure of 4-6 m of water column and pumping almost 1 ton of coolant per hour.
From this we can conclude: an insignificant difference of 9 kg / m3 between the statistical pressure of the moving coolant and the return flow does not affect the quality of space heating.
Are there any exceptions to the rule?
As an exception, inexpensive ones can serve. solid fuel boilers - with direct type of combustion. There is no automation in their device, so at the moment of overheating the coolant begins to boil.
Installation of collector wiring in the heating system using a solid fuel boiler is considered the most efficient. However, this type of heating a private house is one of the most difficult to perform.
Problems begin to occur if the pump installed in the supply line begins to fill up with hot water and steam.
The thermal carrier penetrates through the housing with the impeller and the following occurs:
- Due to the effect of gases on the impeller pumping device decreases the efficiency of the unit. As a result, the coefficient of the circulation rate of the thermal carrier decreases significantly.
- An insufficient amount of cold liquid enters the expansion tank located near the suction inlet. Overheating of the mechanism increases and more steam is formed.
- A large amount of steam in contact with the impeller completely stops the movement of warm water on the highway. Due to the pressure increase fuse valve. Steam is discharged directly into the boiler room. An emergency situation is created.
- If at this moment the firewood is not extinguished, the valve will not be able to cope with the load and an explosion will occur.
In practice, from the initial moment of overheating to the actuation of the safety valve takes no more than 5 minutes. If you install the circulation mechanism on the reverse branch, then the length of time for which the steam enters the device increases to 30 minutes. This gap will be enough to eliminate the heat supply.
In inexpensive heat generators made of low-quality metal, the opening pressure of the valve-fuse corresponds to 2 Bar. In high-quality solid fuel boilers - this indicator is 3 Bar
From this we can conclude that it is impractical and even dangerous to install the circulation device on the supply line. Pumps for solid heat generators are best mounted in the return pipe. However, this requirement does not apply to automated systems.
Heating with a group of individual highways
If the heating system is diluted on two separate lines, heating the right and left sides cottage or several floors - it will be more practical to set an individual for each branch pump.
When installing a separate device for the heat line of the second floor, it is possible to save by adjusting the required operation mode. Due to the fact that heat has the property to rise, on the second floor will always be warmer. This will reduce the rate of circulation of the coolant.
The inset of the pump is made similarly - in the area immediately after the heat generator before the first branch in this heating circuit. Usually when installing two units in a two-story house, the fuel consumption for servicing the upper floor will be significantly less.
Schemes for different types of systems
Initially, it is necessary to determine the area of the inset circulating device. With its help, the process of active fluid movement is carried out - the flow passes through the boiler and is forcibly sent to the radiators of heating.
For the location of the domestic pump, it is necessary to determine the most convenient area so that it can be easily maintained. On submission it is installed after security block and shut-off valve of the boiler.
In order to carry out maintenance and control of the equipment, it is necessary to install shut-off valves. Thus, any element of the heating system can be removed without complete dismantling of the highway
On the return pipe, the pump is placed after the expansion tank in front of the heat generator.
Due to the presence in the water of various mechanical impurities, such as sand, problems may arise in the operation of the pumping mechanism. Particles contribute to the wedging of the impeller, and in the worst case - stopping the motor. Therefore, directly in front of the unit will need to put a strainer filter sump.
The connection scheme of a solid fuel boiler is based on two important elements that allow it to function effectively in the heating system of a private house. These include: safety group and mixing unit based on three-way mixing valve
Separately, it is necessary to address the issue of an open heating system. It is able to work in two modes - with forced and gravity circulation of the coolant.
The second option is more suitable for areas with frequent blackout. It is much more economical than purchasing a bespereboynik or generator. In this case, the unit with shut-off valves must be installed on bypass, and in a straight line to produce a tap of the crane.
In stores you can find ready-made units with bypass. In place of the flow valve on them is a non-return spring valve. This solution is not recommended to use - the valve produces a resistance force of 0.1 Bar, which is indicated as a large indicator for a gravity-type circulation system.
It is better to use a petal valve instead. However, its installation is performed strictly horizontally.
Pump and solid fuel boiler
The pump is connected to the system with a solid fuel unit on the return line. In this case, the connection of the pumping device to the boiler circuit with bypass and three-way mixing valve is used. In addition, the latter can be equipped with a servo drive and an overhead temperature sensor.
The connection scheme of a solid fuel boiler is based on two important elements that allow it to function effectively in the heating system of a private house. These include: safety group and mixing unit based on three-way mixing valve
Due to the fact that the maximum performance of heating equipment is used by the full measure only during the cold period, it is possible to install a heat accumulator (TA). It is able to absorb excess heat, and then, on request, give it to the heating circuit.
This battery is made in the form of a tank and lined with insulating material. On the one hand, the device has two connections for connecting it, and two on the other, for connecting to the radiator line.
The heat accumulator has two circuits: small and large. The first receives energy from the boiler, the second - gives the heating system as needed to the heating system
In the process of passing the liquid through the boiler, which functions at the maximum, the coolant in the heat accumulator warms up to 90-110 degrees over time. In a large circuit requires the insertion of another circulation device.
Depending on the measure of cooling of the fluid in the heating system, the amount of heat from the storage device will enter here through the valve.
Pump Installation Diagram
To perform its functions, household circulation equipment, regardless of the manufacturer’s company, must be correctly installed on the pipe or valves.
Fastening is carried out by means of flare nuts. Such a fixation option will allow, if necessary, to remove it, for example, for inspection or repair.
When choosing a model of a circulation pump, it is necessary to pay attention to its ability to function in different positions. Vertical placement of the device reduces its power up to 30%
Correctly performed installation of all elements of the heating system ensures uniform heating of the entire highway.
During installation of the circulation pump, the following rules must be observed:
- It is allowed to install the device on any pipe sections. The pipeline can be located horizontally, vertically or inclined. However, the rotor axis must be in a horizontal position. Therefore, the installation of "head down" or, conversely, up - is impossible.
- It is necessary to carefully consider the location of the plastic box, where the power contacts are located - they will be on top of the case. Otherwise, they may be filled with water in an emergency. To do this, you need to unscrew the fastening screws on the casing and turn it in the required direction.
- Observe flow direction. It is indicated by an arrow on the body of the device.
With all its weight, the pump presses against the body of ball valves located close by. This should be taken into account when choosing reinforcement. High-quality parts are equipped with a powerful case, which during operation is not covered with cracks from daily loads.
Installation of additional equipment
Regardless of the type of heating circuit used, where the heat producer is one boiler, it will suffice to install a single pumping unit.
If the system is structurally more complex, it is possible to use additional devices that ensure the forced circulation of fluid.
An example of a joint scheme of tying a solid fuel boiler paired with an electric one. Two pumping devices are installed in this heating system.
The need for this appears in the following cases:
- when heating a house, more than one boiler unit is involved;
- if buffer capacity is present in the binding scheme;
- the heating system is divided into several branches, for example, servicing an indirect boiler, several floors, etc .;
- when using a hydraulic separator;
- when the pipeline length is over 80 meters;
- when organizing the movement of water in the contours of floor heating.
To perform the correct strapping of several boilers operating on different fuels, there is a need to install backup pumps.
For the scheme with heat accumulator installation of the additional circulation pump is also necessary. In this case, the highway consists of two circuits - heating and boiler.
Buffer capacity divides the system into two circuits, although in practice there may be more
A more complex heating scheme is implemented in large houses on 2-3 floors. Due to the branching of the system on several lines, pumps for pumping coolant involve 2 or more.
They are responsible for supplying coolant to each of the floors to different heating devices.
Regardless of the number of pumping devices, they are installed on the bypass. In the off-season, the heating system can operate without a pump, which is blocked by ball valves.
If in the house it is planned to organize heated floors, then it is advisable to install two circulation pumps.
In the complex, the pumping and mixing unit is responsible for the preparation of the coolant, i.e. temperature retention in 30-40 ° C.
So that the power of the main pumping device is enough to overcome the local hydraulic resistance the contours of the floor, the length of the line should not be more than 50 m. Otherwise, the heating of the floors will become uneven, respectively premises
In some cases, installation of pumping units is not required at all. Many models of wall-mounted electric and gas generators already have built-in circulation devices.
Power Connection Rules
Circulation pump is powered by power. Connection is standard. It is recommended to conduct a separate power supply line with automatic protection against power surges.
To connect you need to prepare 3 wires - phase, zero and ground.
You can choose any of the connection methods:
- through the device differential machine;
- connection to the network with a bespereboynik;
- power supply of the pump from the boiler automation system;
- with adjustable thermostat.
Many wonder why complicate, because the pump can be connected by connecting the plug to the wire. That is how the pumping device is plugged into a regular outlet.
However, experts do not recommend using this method because of the danger of unforeseen situations: there is no grounding and a safety net.
The circuit with a differential automaton is used for the so-called wet groups. The heating system constructed in this way ensures a high degree of security for the wiring, equipment and man.
The first option is not complicated in self-assembly. You need to set the differential machine to 8 A. The wire cross section is selected on the basis of the device rating.
In the standard scheme, the power supply is performed to the upper sockets - they are marked with odd numbers, the load - to the lower ones (even numbers). Both the phase and zero will be connected to the machine, so the connectors for the latter are designated with the letter N.
To automate the process of stopping the circulation of thermal media when cooled to a certain temperature, an electrical circuit is used to connect the pump and thermostat. The second is mounted in the supply line.
At the moment when the temperature of the water is reduced to the specified indicator, the device disconnects the electrical power circuit.
In order for the thermostat to switch off the circulation process at the right time, it is installed on the metal section of the pipeline line. Due to the poor conductivity of polymers heat, installation on a plastic pipe will cause incorrect operation of the device
There are no difficulties in the supply of electricity through bespereboynik, for this it has special connectors. They also connect a heat generator, when there is a need to provide electricity.
If you choose the method of connecting the pump to the control panel of the boiler or automation, you will need good knowledge of the power supply system or the help of a professional.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Rules for the installation of heating equipment in the video:
The video explains the features of the two-pipe heating system and demonstrates various installation diagrams for the devices:
Features of connecting the heat accumulator to the heating system in the video:
If you know all the connection rules, there will be no difficulties with installing the circulating pump, as well as connecting it to the power supply at home.
The most difficult task is to insert a pumping device into a steel pipeline. However, using a set of Lerok to create a thread on the pipes, you can independently arrange the pump assembly.
Do you want to supplement the information contained in the article with recommendations from personal experience? Or maybe you saw inaccuracies or errors in the material reviewed? Please write to us about this in the comments block.
Or have you successfully installed a pump and want to share your success with other users? Tell us about it, add a photo of your pump - your experience will be useful to many readers.
