At first, we wanted to call the review “How to turn on the air conditioner for heating in winter, and why you shouldn’t do it”, then decided too long, it may look bleak, spoiling the appearance of search engines. Let's tell how the air conditioner for heating works, why it is not necessary to use the equipment in the specified mode in winter.
The principle of operation of a modern air conditioner
Window monoblocks are used to seeing in the windows of public institutions. Do not work on heating, only cool. Although they could( modern and do).Actually, it is necessary to change the direction of movement of freon, switch paths properly. The equipment is supplemented with a 4-way valve controlled by electrical signals from the central chip.
Window monoblocks are bad with one thing: for the installation I had to modify the frame. In the winter, in the cold, avoid holding the device, problems will arise. The reason for dividing the monoblock by two boxes, called the resulting split-system, to distinguish. However, as time went on, monoblocks saw Lethe( excluding internal models, which we will discuss again), today it is accepted to call split-systems conditioners. We follow the tradition throughout the review, noting monoblocks.
The A / C heater carries inside a coolant, operating, driven by four states of astonishing substance:
- Compression.
- Condensation.
- Expansion.
- Evaporation.
Air conditioning is formed by two blocks: external, external. The first arranged the condenser: produces condensation, the second - the evaporator( produces evaporation).Compressor manages the compressor, the expansion - capillary tube. All air conditioning for heating minus additional controls. The main thing: should be provided for the reverse mode of freon. Why, find out further.
Air conditioner operation for cooling
We first consider the process of working on cooling. It is easy for an attentive reader to understand the reverse heating mode. Compression busy compressor. The fan is equipped with an electric motor, the blades of which are inside a hermetic tract that serves as a freon drive. The substance passes through the compressor with gas. The pressure under the efforts of the blades increases, freon enters the coil with a heat dissipation radiator, called a condenser. As the gas is compressed, the phase becomes elevated. Easily transfers excess energy through a condenser to the environment. The process passes the easier, the colder outside the window.
In a condenser, gas settles in droplets on the walls of the coil, flows under pressure to the capillary tube. A long( over a meter) thin metal product, bypassing which, the liquid passes in small portions( try to blow the air out of your mouth through a juice tube to see why this is happening).As a result, the reverse side of the capillary tube forms a vacuum, the compressor works without ceasing, pumps out freon gas. But we have the same liquid. For now, yes, as soon as freon reaches a warm serpentine placed in a room, it begins to evaporate, taking innumerable amounts of energy, chilling the room. Coolant is remarkable for its unique qualities. Freon is able to easily change the state of aggregation, absorbing and releasing a mountain of energy. Other substances that allow to recreate the principle of operation of the air conditioner, in everyday life is not used.
As a result of this process, the room temperature begins to drop. Let's see what happens if it's hot outside. Outside is a condenser, freon gives off heat. If the coil, scorched by the sun, is hot, the formation of moisture from the gas in the refrigerant is broken. It turns out the maximum outdoor temperature at which the air conditioner keeps working.
Air conditioner operation:
heating Now let's see what happens if the air conditioner is turned on for heating. Coils are changing assignment. Located on the street will take heat, the room will be hot. Lower temperature outside the window, less confusing is the work of the system. Pay attention: for the organization of work of the conditioner on heating the compressor now forces freon towards the room.
It would seem easier to do by forcing the blades to work in the reverse mode, it is almost not easy to implement, in reality a special valve with four strokes is used. By switching the state of the part, the direction of movement of freon is changed. The compressor does not notice anything, it works, driving the cruise mode.
What's going on inside a heating air conditioner. The compressor, the evaporator are contained by the external block, the condenser - by the internal block. There is a heating mode. It turns out that the compressor crankcase, filled with oil, is exposed to the street. The temperature drops sharply, grease thickens, and increased equipment wear begins. Most air conditioners avoid turning on the heating at temperatures below 0 ºС( for details, see the instructions).
The second factor, due to which the work of the air conditioner for heating in winter becomes difficult, system performance. The device is unable to generate heat, just pumps from the street, gives the room. At shock low temperatures, the air conditioner, like a heater, becomes useless. Out of the situation, using a special brand of freon( according to unverified information, R410A).Air conditioners according to the documentation warm at minus 25 ºC outside the window. But! With one condition - the installation kit is equipped with a winter road. The term implies a set of properties that includes three components:
- Electronic card that reduces the speed of the compressor.
- Heating crankcase with oil.
- Heating cable drainage path.
For reference. In cooling mode, the indoor unit accumulates an abundance of room water vapor condensate. To solve the problem, a drainage branch is laid along the freon line, along which the fluid is drained to the outside. A light frost picks up water, ice forms, and the device’s performance is impaired. To avoid the phenomenon, a special heating electric cable is laid next to the drainage path, heating the ice when the need arises.
Only in the presence of the mentioned set, start the air conditioner at low temperatures. Please note: the standard installation is devoid of exotic items. The wintering option costs extra money. In cruise mode, despite the instructions, it is better to avoid touching the device at temperatures below zero.
Motorists asked three times why not to pour winter oil into the crankcase when the temperature drops. A branch of copper tubes is sealed, while opportunities are not foreseen. This will greatly complicate the maintenance of the air conditioner. Now discuss the candy bars, they promised the same!
Monoblock air conditioners for heating
At the devices, the filling is concentrated in one case. Is it possible to use air conditioning for heating? Let's see. ..
Looks like a hefty vacuum cleaner, more like a humidifier. Since the air conditioner weighs a lot, a special castors are fitted on the case to make it easier to move. Stand looks primitive, works with a bang. Probably, you guessed it, it is impossible to transfer heat from the room to it itself, the monoblock is equipped with a long pipe with corrugation with a powerful pump emitting hot air to the street in cooling mode.
Air conditioner monoblock composed of two sealed compartments. Each contains coil - evaporator, condenser. The compressor chases the freon cycle, it turns out an excess of heat in one compartment, cold - in the other. To get rid of excess energy, the air of the condenser is emitted outside( taken from the room).
Monoblock air conditioner improves room ventilation. Absorbs the intake, part of the air throws out into the street, the influx of fresh through the doors, the windows increase. Air conditioner candy bar looks curious.
In the evaporator compartment, the room air is cooled, thrown back. Condensate forms, the flow must merge periodically. Please note: most candy bars are equipped with filters that can simultaneously clean the air. Applies to dust, odors, bacteria. Conditioners with ultraviolet processing in the manner of humidifiers did not come across to the authors, it does not mean that nature forgot to give birth to appliances.
There is a monoblock type air conditioner. Used non-freon circuit, ceramic heating elements. We get two devices, assembled together. The monoblock air conditioner becomes a typical ceramic heater. The disadvantage of the system is simple: the structure needs to be mounted. Simply put the hose into the entrance of the ventilation system is not always done. But the heating conditioner in the winter is devoid of difficulties, the air is not thrown out, you can put the device with great convenience.
Good luck with independent first steps towards a comprehensive knowledge of home appliances with the portal!
