Air supply - an important function of ventilation and air conditioning systems. This task is performed filters for ventilation - elements retain dust particles, dirt, allergens and other harmful contaminants. Q air handling most relevant in terms of the city, near the roadway or industrial zone.
To provide a home with clean air, you must learn to choose, and to change the filter elements in a timely manner, you agree? We will help you in dealing with these issues.
In the proposed publication reviewed classification air cleaners, their designated purpose and application features. In addition, we have given practical advice on the formation of the complex filter of the ventilation system.
The content of the article:
- Why are air filters
- There are varieties of cleaners
-
Classification popular types of filters
- cleaners Group on the effectiveness and purpose
- Types of filters work on the principle of
- Innovation in ventilation systems
- How to choose an air purifier
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Why are air filters
If a person is found in its housing, the office, on the production of the ventilation system then it expects to receive a supply of fresh, clean air, and this is impossible without an efficient filtration system. Therefore, in the absence of high quality clean air mass install costly equipment meaning is lost.
Even if the owner is not deemed necessary in this procedure, you still need to be done to protect the mechanical parts of the system.
Third parties particles among which are small fragments of branches, insects, wind raised sand and dust, can lead to premature wear and breakage of equipment not cheap, and the repair will be more high-quality package filters.
In addition, the service will cost an order of magnitude more expensive. For example, regularly have to carry out the migration system. And because the specified operation can be done only professionals, each such adjustment will be costly.
Filters made of polyester fiber today the most popular. As well as the photo shows that the pleated filter material - it increases the efficiency of cleaning
And it is not the whole list of additional work that has to do with the absence of an effective filtering system.
There are varieties of cleaners
The division into species is considered to be conventional, although it covers all sorts of characteristics of filters. It is necessary to ensure that consumers, producers, sellers can better navigate the design features, a variety of materials.
Filtration devices are divided into types with the following features:
- by design;
- purpose, effectiveness;
- the principle of operation.
All the design features of the standardized air filters, so several species highlighted. By the same may include products of varying effectiveness.
Classification cleaner makes it easy to choose the right model designs. For example, bag filters, used for ventilation of various spaces, there are coarse and extremely efficient.
Types of filter products for construction type:
- Pocket;
- cassette;
- panel;
- filter bags.
Pocket filters different low resistance, durability, safety, high dust retention capacity. Distinguished by simplicity of construction, use, disposal, and have a high fire safety.
Pocket filters are structurally simple, reliable and safe, so they are one of the most popular types of
They can be used in different areas (manufacturing, hospitals, residential areas). In the manufacture of the material used as durable synthetic fibers. Are crosslinked, welded structures, similar to the pockets, which are fastened to a rigid frame.
cassette filters - are used in various fields (to manufacture, in catering, pharmaceuticals, household), different strength, durability. The advantages include low initial resistance, a large dust capacity.
Rigid construction allows to cope with any stress. Filter material made from polyester fibers today.
Cartridge filters have a rigid structure, so can withstand considerable loads
panel filters - products for which as filter material can be used different materials, including metal mesh, polyurethane foam, but the most commonly used modern polyester fibers.
Such devices may be part of various systems for cleaning air in manufacturing, in the home. Are practical, high performance, an impressive ability to retard dust.
filter bags They are the most productive filters are therefore used mainly in the production, including chemical plants, tobacco factories, power plants. Such articles can be used for collecting various gases, e.g., in the production of aluminum.
Sleeves - the most common in the production of filter elements, besides their use has traditionally been considered the most economically viable. And all because these filters are capable of performing high-quality cleaning of a variety of gases, dust. They can be changed without stopping the process.
Panel filters. They can be easily distinguished, since the frame of such products are always equipped with a load-bearing elements in a grid
In addition, durable sleeve, little susceptible to operating conditions - they can operate at 280 ° C impressive and substantial frost.
Filter material in this case are the modern polyester fibers, which are often coated with additional layers, for example, membranes to enhance air handling quality.
Classification popular types of filters
For qualitative purification using various kinds of air filters for systems of ventilation and air conditioning. To potential customers easily understood in their capabilities, such products are separated on the effectiveness and purpose. The division into different groups of standardized state.
cleaners Group on the effectiveness and purpose
Regulate scope devices for filtering domestic GOSTS (P R EH EH 1822-1-2010 and newer R EN 779-2014). If the buyer chooses the product of foreign production, the difference in the classification, he will not feel as adopted by the same standards in the world.
Thus, the filters are:
- general-purpose - this kind of most in demand;
- special-purpose - they are used in cases where air purity in any industry, in the laboratory, the home increased requirements.
In turn, these species are divided into different classes that accurately indicate their capabilities. The classification shows how much pollution is delayed.
To verify compliance with articles, devices are used which calculate the mass concentration of particles to pass outside and purification after this procedure.
general purpose filters are divided into the following categories:
- G-Class - carry out a rough cleaning, apply only to the protection of more precise details of the ventilating equipment;
- M-Class - relates to a filter medium cleaning, they can be used in the system and outside it;
- F-Class - here are credited articles capable of fine-cleaning.
These devices can be operated in all ventilation systems. They are only of the dust, which okazyzhetsya enough in some cases.
If you need a more efficient filtering, the specified items are used as part of the system. This is done in order to inexpensive general purpose filter protects from the effects of large abrasive particles, debris expensive cleaners high efficiency.
Specialty air filters for ventilation systems are divided into such categories:
- E and H-classes - this includes all devices with high efficiency;
- U-class - products have ultra-high efficiency.
These filter designs are able to solve a number of special tasks, such as trapping odors and grease. They have the highest efficiency, but their price is much higher than the general-purpose models. Therefore, they are used in situations where this process demands on any production in the laboratory.
And actively used in a domestic environment, for example, to help people with weakened immune systems, or who are allergic to avoid many difficulties.
Table filters classification according to the class carried purification (+)
To get the most accurate classification simultaneously with letter designations used and additional digital, for example, G1, H9, U17. The higher the value, the letter said, the more effective the product.
In total there are 17 digital classes, they are listed in the profile guests. For example, the crudest of standardized filters G1 delay should 50-65% synthetic dust, and G4 is not smaller than 90% of the same particles.
The most accurate product as the U17, are obliged to pick up 99.999995% of pollution. Read performance for purification can be for general information only, since in most cases, technical documentation, passports contain alphanumeric classes.
Types of filters work on the principle of
Since air pollution are of different types, it is logical to clean it use different types of cleaners. Actually so do, by combining a part of the filter system product, having a different principle of operation that allows successful capture dirt particles.
As well as this procedure allows to make cleaning more economical. The reason is the design of the ventilation system - the largest exposures are durable and cheap accessories fitted previously.
Types of filters on the basis of the work:
- mechanical;
- oil;
- coal;
- sponge;
- HEPA.
mechanical filters - are designed for air supply of sufficiently large particles to which these include dust, animal dander, insects, etc. Such products are used to filter the dirt size 5-10 micron.
The peculiarity of these particle sizes is that they are few, but they significantly accelerate the deterioration of the equipment itself of the ventilation system.
And also deteriorating rapidly more effective and expensive precision cleaning products, which leads to violations of technological processes, deterioration of the microclimate in the office, home.
To prevent these destructive processes, mechanical filters are installed virtually any conditioning system, the ventilation and operate pre-dust retention and other particles. Typically, such products are made from synthetic fibrous materials having a network structure.
Mechanical filters are present in almost every ventilation system. They take the first blow in the form of dust and other larger particles, which is filled with exhaust air
For strength often used a variety of modern adhesives. In many cases, to use the product must be disposed of, but there are models that can be cleaned by washing or pressure of the air, is supplied under pressure. This makes them reusable, which is advantageous and practical.
These procedures can be performed on any production and even at home. The disadvantage is considered that the mechanical filter alone is not able to clear the air.
oil - cleaners, the main element of which the structure is a filter element. Most often it is combined, and consists of a durable synthetic fibers, metal grids. However, the main feature is the use of mineral oils to improve the cleaning efficiency which is achieved by the adhesion of dirt thereto.
Oil products are used as filters are prone to trap larger particles, which limits their functionality.
Carbon model functioning by adsorption - a physical phenomenon in which the pores of substances absorb more. Such articles effectively remove gases, odors.
Carbon filter, which is used for ventilation can be used only in conjunction with an additional trap small particles of dust and grease, set in front of him. The reason lies in the fact that particles of larger coal clog the pores and make the absorption process efficient.
The advantage of this kind is a sufficient degree of purification at a moderate cost. It is often used in everyday life - is a common carbon filter for cooker hoods. He found applications in medicine, pharmaceutics, in small industries. The disadvantage of these products is considered to be the need for regular replacement.
The charcoal filter is not much different from other species, as the filter material is packed in bags of polyester fibers
sponge filters - purified air from a sufficiently fine dust and other solid elements. The name comes from the filter material (foam rubber, polyurethane foam), which for efficiency are specially pre-treated to increase the pore area.
They are used repeatedly, since they can be washed. They are used in the home, at work, medicine. The disadvantage is considered that these traps are only suitable for removing dust from the air, but do it efficiently.
HEPA-filters designed for high-performance capture of fine dust particles. Often they are a major component, although they are always necessary with pre-filters that will clean the air of the major elements of the mud.
The surface of such articles coated with chemical solutions to suppress various types of bacteria.
They are used wherever there is a high requirements for air quality. As they successfully eliminate the allergens (spores, pollen, fur, house dust, etc.), it is often used in everyday life. Make cleaners of special paper or synthetic fibers.
The result of air purification using HEPA-filters close to the ideal, but it should be remembered that they may be used to filter only predisposed
HEPA filters are commonly installed in residential air purifiers.
If you need maximum cleaning efficiency, it is necessary to choose the ULPA filters that have the same with HEPA principle of action but are able to catch a few more dust. All high-performance products are quite expensive, in addition, have a fragile structure.
Innovation in ventilation systems
In addition, the above-mentioned, cleaners, all-new high-tech methods used more often. For example, recently for ventilation systems have been applied photocatalytic filters, but they are becoming rapidly popular.
The reason for the growing popularity lies in the ability to deal equally effectively with a variety of viruses, bacteria, toxins, which decompose into harmless products such as water. Cleaning is carried out under ultraviolet light in photocatalytic chamber.
It ceased to be a rarity and electrostatic filters that are using air ionization and the impact of electric power can be removed from the waste mass tiny particles of pollution.
How to choose an air purifier
The very design of the ventilation system must be tested for resistance to possible mechanical stress to which it will be exposed during use. This procedure is extremely important.
In this way, it becomes clear whether the filter creates the conditions for effective functioning. This should be done before the start of operation and after making significant structural changes.
All used filters must meet a number of conditions. So, during these articles shall not release fibers and dust, which can cause damage to people, equipment. That is, any cleaner must be guaranteed to be secure.
Air filters should be tested for compliance with specifications
An important quality of a leak, which eliminates leakage of contaminated air between the casing article and its seat frame. Aerodynamic performance must comply with the standards for its class.
Each filter must be tested for effectiveness, compliance with other characteristics that necessarily indicated in the passport product or a separate act.
To form a complex filtration system, and initially to select individual components in its composition must manufacturers, installation companies, as part of the person will not be able to consider all the important nuances that lead to low efficiency.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
The design information demanded pocket filter will help you understand what is the such products:
Overview of the carbon filter will be able to deal with its features:
The filters are able to remove any of the air pollution, but it is necessary to choose the products with the relevant technical specifications. It should be understood that the only filtration system assembled from several types of cleaners can cope with the tasks.
For their selection need to have certain skills, knowledge or seek the help of professionals who are qualified to perform the work.
Got something to complement, or have any questions regarding the different filters for ventilation? You can leave comments to the publication, participate in discussions and share their experiences in the use of air purifiers. Contact form is in the lower block.
