Pruning grapes in summer is necessary to preserve its strength, so that the bush does not squander its potential to form "unnecessary", fresh shoots. As you know, this culture is characterized by rapid growth, if it is not controlled, then actively growing vines will drain vital forces from the roots.
- Summer pruning of grapes - the basis of future harvest
- Green pruning of grapes
- Summer pruning of grapes for beginners
We need a harvest - juicy, sweet clusters of grapes, so we need to remove extra branches in a timely manner so that all the nutrients rush to the fruits, but notin the shoots. We consider the nuances of summer pruning of grapes and recommendations of experienced gardeners.
содерж to content ↑Summer pruning of grapes is the basis of the future harvest
The main cleaning of rows is done in autumn, but summer pruning of grapes is no less important - it corrects the growth of vines, balances the balance between fruitful and empty shoots. The harvest process will also be more comfortable - you will not have to wade behind the clusters through the thickets. This process also increases the endurance of the bush, helps it survive the growing season.
If you competently care for young vines in the first years of their lives, then lay a good foundation for future abundant fruiting. A frivolous attitude to pruning, for example, to summer( remedial), will have a bad effect on the development of the bush, quality, taste of berries. In other words - instead of grape abundance, you will get chaotically overgrown shrubs, which, at best, can provide you with a shadow during the heat.
Multiple fruit arrows at a bush work on the number of clusters, but the quality( taste, size) suffers. Also, empty shoots, covered with leaves, but without fruit, thicken the bush - these factors reduce the yield. That is why the most important rule of growing grapes is maintaining balance - an acceptable ratio between the vines.
содерж to the contents ↑Green pruning of grapes
It is noteworthy that for this business, the growers often do not use garden tools. The specificity of the procedure provides for the manual removal of the young processes. In fact, this event is of a corrective nature, lasts from June to August, that is, almost the entire summer. If you have decided to start growing grapes, be prepared for constant monitoring of the bushes, regular pinching of stepsons, breaking out extra shoots.
Removal of the lower processes, photo:
Young shoots begin to be removed from June, and the fruit-bearing vines are tied to supporting supports — this is done to evenly distribute the weight between the empty and fruit branches. At this time stage, the laying of replacement knots is formed, from which next summer new fruitful vines will grow. Pruning grapes in the summer after flowering is the removal of stepsons - this happens in July. At the same time, the bushes are treated with protective agents against pests, fertilizers are applied. Top-dressings provide improved taste of fruits, and pruning lays the foundation for yields for the current and next year.
Shoots that will produce next year's crop, photo:
In the last month of summer, young branches are minted, this process is somewhat reminiscent of pinching. Thus, the upper part of the shoot is cut off, but the difference is that when chasing, a much larger part of the branch is removed than when pinching. Approximately 14 leaves should remain on the shoot. Also, the minting procedure is carried out much later in time, when the activity of the growth of the branches begins to gradually decrease. When chasing correct shoots of fruit shooters, shoots of replacement knots, branches growing from perennial lignified vines.
The growth of the branches after embossing stops, all the vital forces of the plant are concentrated in the clusters of grapes and internodes that are below the cut point. Such pruning of grapes has a positive effect on all parts of the bush, the fruits ripen better, provides better access of the sun's rays to the branches, clusters. In addition, in August, in order to stimulate the activity of the lower part of the root system, some experienced growers recommend cutting off part of the upper roots.
Summer grape pruning for beginners
Taking into account the above information, it becomes clear that the green pruning is carried out constantly: before the flowering of the brushes, after their flowering, during the tying of the bunches. As for the antennae, the procedure for their removal can be carried out every day. They serve as a kind of clues, as the structure of the grapes resembles a vine. If you tie up the branches of the bushes to the supports, then the antennae can pinch off completely.
Pinching is done before the onset of the flowering period, in other words, using the fingers, the upper segment of the young branch is removed. The part of the shoot, remaining after pinching, is usually about 10 cm( up to the border of the beginning of lignified vine).The method has the same character as the embossing, which was mentioned above, only the forces of the plant are activated in future inflorescences. This process has a positive effect on the quality, quantity of future clusters. It should be repeated every 12-14 days.
Pinching, photo:
After the end of the flowering period, around July, a green pruning of grapes is carried out - the stepsons are removed. They are processes that grow from a place between the leaf and the stem of the branch. If you miss the moment, these processes will quickly grow, the bush will become thick, access of sunlight to the fruits will be difficult. In addition, the grapes can get sick, and the berries lose their sweetness, become sour. Completely( to the very basis), you do not need to remove the stepson, since after a couple of days a new appendix will appear in its place. It would be better if you pinch off part of the stepson, while leaving 2 cm in length. Audit stepsons should be carried out weekly.
Pasynok, photo:
Brightening a bush is pruning grapes aimed at thinning the crown. When this is achieved the necessary ventilation, the best access to the rays of the sun, this procedure is carried out during the ripening of clusters. An important point - always remove the cut branches, do not leave them on the ground under the grapes. In this foliage, pests and bacteria can be generated, which subsequently successfully move to the bush, will strike it.
Do not be afraid to thin the bushes that are too thick, even if there are brushes on the branches to be removed. You may lose a little in the quantity of the crop, but, of course, its quality will win. If the branch is strong, then three or four grape clusters can be placed on it, it is recommended to leave one brush on weak vines.
Pruning grapes in summer - recommendations:
- Whatever variety is planted, in the first and second year of bush life, all types of pruning are done in the same way.
- Before proceeding with the removal of excess shoots, determine the shape of the bush, calculate the order of their actions in advance.
- If the winters are too cold in your edges, the grapes will need a protective shelter, its shamb should be very small.
- If the fertile vine has overwintered twice already, it should be pruned, since it will no longer give fruit.
- If you prune fruit arrows, know that the pair of lowermost buds are almost always empty. Leave at least 8 eyes on the arrow.
Caring for grapes, pruning in the summer is different from autumn procedures, as it does not affect lignified fragments of the bush, but is limited only to green branches, leaves, and brush buds.
Still, it is worth mentioning one more method, which allows to improve the quality of the harvest, to reduce the time of ripening of fruits. We are talking about banding - quite traumatic procedure for the bush. It is allowed to be held once every two or three years. Banding is the removal of bark rings from fruit branches. The thickness of the layer to be removed should be no more than 3 mm. Thus, the plant's nutritional juices are sent to the clusters, as well as to those parts of the vines that are located above the “operated” fragment.
Timely pruning of grapes in the summer is a necessary, useful event, which will only benefit you and the bush itself. Properly performed procedure, regular monitoring of the state of the vineyard with the onset of autumn will bring the expected result, and the grapes will reward you for your work with a generous harvest of bunches of grapes.
