Septic tank to the high ground water: methods for determining the groundwater level and recommendations on the choice of a septic tank

In the private sector uncommon for the centralized water supply system is, and there is no drainage. To seamlessly use all the necessary plumbing fixtures, you need to take care of the disposal and wastewater treatment.

This can be a difficult task if aquifers are located close to the surface. Good solution - a septic tank. Let's understand how to be a proper septic tank for the high groundwater.

Purpose and features of septic tanks

Landscaped private house - a set of sanitary and household appliances consume water: toilet bowl, sink, sink, bathtub or shower, washing machine. Often also set dishwashers. As a result of all this equipment a large amount of wastewater.

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Septic tanks are made from different materials - plastic, fiberglass, concrete, metal

If in a high groundwater level, there are serious problems: the plastic structure to be protected from surfacing and concrete carefully sealed

At high field GWL instead constructing the aerial filtration cassette filter

Septic attach straps and anchors to prevent bubbling during floods or rains

plastic septic tank

Installation at high ground water table

Septic tank with filter cassette

surfacing septic tank

To dispose of waste home owner need to consider an effective drainage system. The good old sinkhole is not an option, because even the biggest sealed reservoir will have to be cleaned frequently, and are serious costs assenizatorskaya services. Of wastewater should be disposed of, with no damage to the environment, and the best choice - a septic tank that provides biological decontamination.

Appointment of a septic tank - storage, treatment and disposal of wastewater. This process occurs in several stages (typically two or three) cells. The first reservoir is designed to collect sewage from the sewer system. There occurs primary treatment: waste stratified, the solids sink to the bottom, and the clarified water with fewer impurities flows into the next chamber.

After cleaning the septic tank in the water is safe for the soil and aquifers. it can be used if desired, for technical purposes or watering plants

In the second reservoir extends sewage fermentation process. Anaerobic bacteria decompose organic compounds and waste water continues to be cleaned. Almost pure water enters the third chamber, the filter box or the aerial filter cassette, where the post-treatment.

What problems arise due to the high groundwater table?

If closely spaced ground water, septic tank must be completely sealed and its setting - perfect correct. Otherwise, problems may occur in two types: design emerge or submerge. We will understand what that means.

When installing the septic tank of his carefully fastened to the concrete pad. If you do not, during floods or rains it rises to the surface of the ground. This will inevitably lead to deformation elements sewer system pipes breakthroughs and other troubles. Sewer fails.

If you are installing GWL selected or constructed septic reliable enough, sooner or later, the ground water will seep into the structure. This will lead to its sinking. Crowded tank cease to operate normally. But that's not all.

When installing a septic tank should adhere to the distance recommended by the regulations. It is necessary for safety of the environment. Violation mounting technology can threaten human health

Water can begin to flow into the system through the conduit. It is fraught with breaks of pipes, flooding basements of buildings. In some cases, water from flooded septic tank rises to the sanitary appliances in the house and causes serious damage.

Flowing through the pipes, the water carries with it a lot of impurities - of impurities from a septic tank to particulate (sand, stones, rubbish). Its chemical composition is extremely aggressive. This can cause corrosion of metal components, coatings disruption of pipes and plumbing, mechanical damage.

All this leads to a rapid destruction of the septic tank and all the elements of the sewer system. That is why the high groundwater level it is impossible to save on materials and installation. The Rugged and waterproof design, the greater the period of trouble-free operation.

Sewage cleaned due to the large quantity of microorganisms. If sewage seep into the aquifer, which built wells and boreholes, which may result in intestinal (at best) diseases to humans, pets diseases.

Groundwater moves. Even small amounts of pathogenic bacteria is sufficient to infect all the sources of drinking water and soil in the vicinity. This could be a real environmental disaster for the area

High ground water - it's not just the risk of accidents, but also a large investment of money, especially if mistakes are made during installation. Leakage will result in that the water will seep into the reservoir, and it will need to pump more often. Spending on services assenizatorskaya rise sharply.

Another thing: the design of an autonomous sewer should immediately consider the drainage system on the site, otherwise it is possible waterlogging zone around the septic tank.

Determination of the depth of groundwater in the area

Ideal - definition GWL using hydrogeological studies. However, the professionals rarely treat, as it's expensive, long and difficult. You can find their way and on their own, and help ordinary garden auger or national signs.

Option # 1: garden and drill rod

To determine GWL suitable drill rod and a length of 2 meters. The rod must be made under the mark of roulette. Optionally mark every centimeter enough marks in the region of 5-10 cm.

We need to do well on the length of the drill. It happens that the water stands still during drilling. This means that it is very close to the surface. But often have to wait. Well leave at night, so that it accumulated water.

Dry rod is lowered to the bottom of the well. Then taken out and checked, to what point it gets wet. It only remains to calculate the results. For example, if the drill length is 2 m and 10 cm rod wet, it turns out that the water is at a depth of 1.9 m.

Measure the groundwater level should be at a time when it is highest: in early spring or in the season of autumn rains. This will provide an objective result

Such measurements are carried out not once but within a few days, every time recording results. If they do not change, then it is at this depth is water. If there is a difference, it is necessary to focus on the least results. For example, if on different days obtained depth 1.9 m and 1.8 m, the correct GWL considered 1.8 m.

Option # 2: define the Plants

Often the index is close bedding of water vegetation. For example, if the site grow willow, alder, ulmaria meadowsweet and the more reeds, then the soil is moist. Identified by plants depth in meters, you can use the table below:

A good indicator can be cultivated plants - currant or sorrel. If they thrive without additional watering, the water close

The slope of the maple, birch, willow can indicate exactly where the water closest to the surface. It is best to focus on several trees at once.

Option # 3: reservoirs and wells

Often near the site are small open water. According to the level of water in them can determine how closely approaches the aquifer. If there is a swamp, it is a sure sign of the high groundwater level.

GWL can serve as an indicator of the wells dug in the vadose. As a rule, such water sources are equipped for technical purposes or watering garden plants. Drinking water obtained from the deeper layers, as it is cleaner

In determining the groundwater depth can help and the usual chat with neighbors, as they certainly it had to be determined in the process of building houses, hozpostroek, waterworks, drain.

Option # 4: The old-fashioned way

GWL can determine using a conventional clay pot. To do this, remove the sod from a small plot of land, put a tuft of wool fat-free, top - new-laid egg. All this is covered with ceramic dishes and allowed to stand overnight.

Antiquated methods help to find out what a high groundwater table, but to determine the exact depth is possible only with the help of drilling

In the morning is enough to inspect the wool and the egg. If the coat is wet, but there is no condensation on the egg characteristics, groundwater level is low. If the hair is wet, and droplets of moisture in the egg, then the water is clearly comes very close to the surface.

Option # 5: folk omens

Conventional monitoring may also be useful in determining the groundwater level. For example, the close proximity of the water to the ground surface suggest morning dew abundant and thick evening mist. The closer the aquifer, the more evident these symptoms. They can be observed even in the extreme heat and drought.

Midges like damp places. If they swarm in certain areas of the site, so here is close aquifer

Pets on behave differently depending on the depth of water. For example, cats can be a fancy place to stay where the water is near. A dog, on the contrary, look for the driest place on the site.

For all the shortcomings of the high groundwater level there are a big plus. Rodents avoid places with high humidity. So, you will be attacked less mouse. Just behave and ants. Lack of anthills in the area may indicate high soil moisture.

Proper septic tank on a site with high groundwater table

In some cases, it makes sense to install a sealed storage tank. It is an analogue of the sump. Its peculiarity is that the liquid is only stored in the container, but not cleared. Cons - the need for frequent maintenance and expensive. On the other hand, if the house is not permanently live, such drainage will be beneficial and convenient.

Accumulating septic industrial production is made from high-strength materials. The thickness of the walls of the tank can reach 10-40 mm. There is a large volume of septic tanks. Their advantages - an absolute tightness, environmental friendliness, ease of installation, durability. Some models are equipped with sensors that indicate the degree of filling of the container.

As the drives can be used plastic, fiberglass containers or build a reservoir of reinforced concrete. They have to be cleaned about once a month

In most cases, the drive does not solve the problem, because to live comfortably home owners need a complete drainage. In this case, it makes sense to build a septic tank with a bulk field aeration. The structure must be watertight. It needs to be protected from the ascent, deformations due to soil heaving.

Features of materials for the manufacture of cameras

There are several suitable materials for arrangement of a septic tank at high groundwater:

• Reinforced concrete. The bulk of the reinforced concrete monolithic construction - ideal for home, where a family of 3 or more people. Cameras such septic not pass water, do not float, to cope with the influence of aggressive chemicals and can serve for decades.
• Plastic (Or capacitance evrokuby). Not the most reliable material, but it is suitable for self-assistance of a septic tank in the country. Pros - tightness, ease. Cons - the need for everything good protection from emergence, the risk of cracks in the ground heave.
• fiberglass. The material is highly durable, easily withstand the large load can tolerate exposure to chemicals. The disadvantage is the same as that of the plastic: septic tank is necessary to anchor the installation.

Everything for a reliable sewerage system is best to choose concrete. Construction of the septic tank will cost quite expensive, but you can forget about the problem of the ascent. The design does not burst when it accidentally naedet transportation as may occur with plastic or fiberglass tank. It is extremely durable and repairable.

Protect the septic tank from floating and frost heave

Lightweight plastic septic tank is required to fix, because their weight is not enough to withstand the pressure of groundwater. They often pop up. The very design of anchoring technology is simple, the main thing - to adhere strictly to it.

The procedure works:

• Line the bottom of the pit for level. Top poured sand bed 30 cm in thickness, carefully tamped.
• On the base layer of sand give - slab of reinforced concrete structures by size.
• Septic tank is mounted on a plate, fixing special straps or ropes.

To protect against heaving soil using a dry mixture of sand and cement (5: 1). After installation of a septic tank between the housing structure and the walls of the pit gap remains. It is desirable that it was at least 15 cm. In this space is filled layers mixture, pouring water and compacting each layer.

Instead of the finished board, you can use an improvised basis. For this purpose the bottom of the pit with concrete is poured and set powerful metal loops anchorages

During backfill simultaneously filled with water septic tank. Moreover, the water level must coincide with the level of filling of the pit. This is necessary to equalize the load and prevent the occurrence of cracks in the plastic structure.

Device-ground filter cartridge

If the water table is deep, for purification of sewage equip a leach field or drain well. In this case, the water is moved by gravity, there is no need of forced pumping. If the groundwater level is high, you need to install an additional waterproof water well, pump and filter cartridge. Its size is calculated from the fact that for cleaning of 0.5 cubic meters. We need a cassette 1 x 1 m.

The water from the septic tank gets into a separate well, where it is raised by a pump and fed to the filter cassette

To equip the filter cartridge, remove 30-40 cm of soil across the surface of the future design and enclose the perimeter of the concrete bars so that the height they were level with the ground. This space is filled with gravel (fraction 20 to 40 mm), and put on top tank without a bottom, which is fed by the pipe of the septic tank. Construct insulated and covered with soil layer thickness of 30 cm.

Top 10 best manufacturers of septic tanks

If the water table is close to the surface, it is possible to select septic industrial production. He is guaranteed to be leak-proof, the rest depends on the quality of installation.

In septic tanks "Tapas" are only two drawbacks: high cost and volatility. Otherwise, they are impeccable: a compact, efficient, does not emit any odors

There are a few brands that are well established in the domestic market:

1. "Tank". This nonvolatile plastic housing structure with a wall thickness of 17 mm. They are well withstand the load, resistant to temperature extremes. The design thought, so that the reservoir does not pop up under the action of groundwater.
2. "Triton". Under this brand produced septic tanks of different sizes and purposes. When installing models need an anchor. If they are installed properly, they can last up to half a century.
3. "Leopard". The manufacturer produces volatile and independent models. This three-compartment septic tank with two levels of biological filtration. Design reliable, durable, long lasting.
4. "Tver". This robust integrated system for wastewater treatment. The advantages of septic tanks should include compactness, strength, high throughput. Disadvantage - the volatility and the need for proper maintenance.
5. "Leader". Septic tanks are made up of six cameras for various purposes. The designs provided airlift and aerator. Plus: Supplements should not be used for normal plant operation. The system is designed perfectly.
6. "Ecopan". One of the best options for installation in clay and heaving soils with a high water table. The construction is designed so that it is able to withstand heavy loads without any damage and deformation.
7. "YUNILOS". Phased mechanical and biological treatment of septic tank ensures safety for the environment. Constructions are reliable and easy to maintain, despite the complicated algorithm wastewater treatment process.
8. "YUBAS". These septic tanks are not only reliable and durable. They are distinguished by one more advantage: the design does not lose efficiency and effectiveness, even if they operate at long intervals (up to 3 months).
9. "Poplar". Septic "Poplar" operate in a wide range of temperatures, resistant to external influences, equipped aerators, airlifts, compressors. Remove waste as you can with the help of assenizatorskaya machine and by hand.
10. "Tapas". Autonomous sewer system "Tapas" are in demand due to their reliability. Although the principle of the work they have is the same as that of the rest of the septic tank, the manufacturer took care of the highest quality materials for the manufacture of its products.

When choosing a particular model of any brand should be clarified from the seller all the details. Septic tank must be not only durable and strong. It should as much as possible qualitatively to clean waste water and be easy to operate.

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"Poplar" - a joint Russian-German engineering. The design used the Japanese compressors. The quality of the corresponding

Septic Tank "YUBAS" feature small dimensions, so their transportation and installation there is no special difficulties

Autonomous wastewater treatment system "Leader" can be installed, even close to home. It takes up little space, and at work made no noise, no smell

Septic tank "Tank" - is the best value for money. Trouble-free design, and they have to be cleaned only once a year

Model brand "Topol"

"Evrobion YUBAS" model

Septic "Leader" in the area

Simple construction of a septic tank "Tank"

Buying model, pay attention to energy consumption and the required cleaning frequency.

It is also important how long a septic tank remains operational in the event of power outages and how quickly returns to normal operating mode.

Useful videos on the topic

Shallow ground water can create a lot of problems in the regeneration of battery drain. We offer helpful videos, which you will find many tips and will be able to design and build a system without the help of professionals.

Identify features of sewage at a high groundwater table and a detailed explanation of the site owner:

Excavation and septic tank installation process - demonstration:

Helpful hints for the construction of sewer with your hands and a visual demonstration of the process.

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The quality of the design and installation of a sewer system depends on the comfort of all tenants. If in a high groundwater level, should carefully examine a septic tank installation technology and choose the right model. Otherwise, problems are inevitable. You doubt yourself - invite professionals. It will be much cheaper, than to alter ineffective drain.