Content of the article:
Laying out a garden, gardeners have the right to choose from dozens of varieties and hybrids of fruit crops. Among the most popular ones is Cherry Molodezhnaya, the description of the variety will help the owners of personal plots to better study the plants and get the maximum possible yields from them.
The variety of domestic breeding was entered in the State Register in 1993.For this relatively short time for fruit trees, the cherry pictured on the photo Molodezhnaya managed to win the sincere recognition of many gardeners in the Central region, where it was zoned. What explains the popularity of culture? What are the characteristics of the variety?
Description Cherries Youth
The first success factor was the choice of the parent pair for a new cultivated variety. For crossing, the breeders of the All-Russian Breeding-Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery took old, long-proven and well-established varieties. H.D.Enikeev and S.N.Satarov was not mistaken. Cherry Vladimirskaya and Lyubskaya transferred their best features to the new plant.
Like Vladimirskaya cherries, the variety Molodezhnaya belongs to the bushy variety of culture. Medium or undersized plants reach a height of 2–2.5 meters, start to bear fruit at the age of 3-4 years and with proper care for 15–20 years from the tree you can get 10–12 kg of juicy fresh berries. The trees have a wide rounded or drooping crown, not prone to excessive density and allowing to harvest without difficulty, without using high ladders or other devices.
Ovaries of Molodyozhnaya cherry variety are formed on one-year-old shoots, and almost all buds, except the apical buds, can be flowered. Because of this feature, the trees look unusually bare after harvest. So that over time, the fruiting does not concentrate only on the periphery of the crown, it is important to have proper agricultural technology, in particular, autumn-spring pruning.
Flowers with a diameter of 1.8 to 3 cm are collected in inflorescences of 5-7 pieces. The height of the pistil is almost equal to the height of the stamens, which contributes to pollination even inside the closed bud. Petals are white, touching.
Since this variety of cherry belongs to the self-fertile, even when planting a single tree, the gardener will not remain without a crop. Ovaries, especially in good weather, when there are enough pollinating insects, are formed en masse.
The fruits of the Molodezhnaya variety ripening in the second half or at the end of July have a mass of up to 4.5 grams, which is quite good for a variety intended for central Russia. The shape of the berries is oval, the color is saturated maroon.
The pulp and juice, like that of Vladimirskaya cherry, are densely colored. The stone can be easily removed from the pulp, while the juicy berry is not wrinkled and can be used in all types of home canning. This also contributes to the pleasant sweet and sour taste of ripe fruit.
Features of agricultural technology of the cherry variety Molodezhnaya
The cherry variety Molodezhnaya belongs to late-ripening. The harvest period begins no earlier than July 20 and lasts until the first days of August. Unlike many other varieties of this fruit crop grown in Russia, Molodezhnaya is a samoplodnoe plant. That is, the formation of the ovary occurs when pollen from the same tree hits the pistil. However, due to the high danger of pollen death at low, about 8–12 degrees, air temperature, it is not worth limiting to a single cherry tree in the area.
To obtain stable annual crops, trees are planted at a distance of 3-4 meters from each other. In this case, the bees arriving at the flowering plants will carry out cross-pollination, rendering significant assistance to both the garden and its owner.
Good neighbors for Molodezhnaya Cherry will be varieties with close flowering periods, for example, Lyubskaya, Shubinka, Frost, Turgenevka. For a variety of samobzplodnyh varieties planted, Cherry Molodezhnaya is a pollinator providing a harvest of sweet, healthy berries.
One of the advantages of the described variety can be considered high, along with Vladimir's cherry, winter hardiness. However, the gardeners of the Moscow region and more northern areas need to remember that tender buds are much more vulnerable during frost than the trunk and skeletal branches, therefore in areas for cherries find places that are closed from the wind, and the crown in winter can be estimated with snow.
Well-wintered trees in spring are subject to new danger. According to the description of the cherry, the Youth variety is not resistant to such dangerous diseases of the stone fruit as moniliosis and coccomycosis. Especially often, fungal infections of trees are affected during a wet prolonged spring and rainy summer.
Secrets of the yield of the cherry variety Youth
In order for the cherry pictured in the photo Molodezhnaya regularly to enjoy a good harvest, the gardener needs to take care of the comfort and health of the plants. Start by choosing the meta for planting. Cherries do not like the proximity of groundwater, heavy dense soil and cold winds, especially dangerous during flowering and formation of the ovary.
Best for a cherry orchard, use places protected from the wind, but completely open to the sun.
Landing is carried out in early spring or autumn. One-year-old or two-year-old seedlings are used as planting material:
- Root plants begin to bear fruit 2–3 years after planting.
- Grafted trees with good luck may well be pleased with the first berries.
For well-balanced growth and rapid acclimatization, well-rotten organics and mineral supplements are added to the landing pits. Then the trees are regularly fed, but do not forget that an excess of nitrogen leads to the mass formation of greenery, which attracts leaf-eating and sucking pests, and in the fall prevents the plant from preparing for wintering.
In the spring, before flowering and immediately after its completion, Molodezhnaya Cherry trees are treated with fungicides. This measure is needed in the middle lane and colder areas to prevent the spread of coccomycosis and moniliosis. As required, the irrigation of the crown is repeated in late autumn after pruning.
In summer, cherry orchards are invaded by pests that not only damage the ripening crop, destroy the foliage and weaken the plants, but also contribute to the infection of diseased plants by fungi and other diseases. For the destruction of pests using insecticides, means of physical and biological control, as well as folk methods.
It is impossible to get a good harvest, not observing agricultural techniques and not carrying out preventive work.
In warm seasons, the cherries must be watered and fed. Weed plants are destroyed in tree trunks, and the soil is mulched to save moisture and maintain soil looseness. No less important is sanitary pruning, which is carried out in spring or autumn. All damaged, dry or weak shoots are cut and burned. So do the fallen leaves and uncollected fruits.
