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Clematis( photo) is the brightest, unforgettable vine in Russian areas. If the gardener only has to “tame” clematis, planting and leaving them in the open field is the key to success.
If done correctly, plants grow and bloom in the same place for more than 20 years, annually decorating the house and the backyard area with hundreds of simple and double flowers of different colors and shapes.
Selection of a site and preparation for planting clematis in open ground
Preparation for planting begins with the selection of a suitable site. Clematis are light-requiring, but under the direct rays of the sun the liana feels depressed, the flowers fade and shrink.
Extremely negative plants relate to the wind, close to the location of groundwater. Although plants need a lot of moisture for active growth, its stagnation is threatened by rotting of the roots.
Novice flower growers make mistakes when clematis is planted in the ground near the wall of a house, where the vine is regularly covered by a drain or, due to lack of access to fresh air, is attacked by pests and fungi.
It is best to find a place not less than 70 cm away from the wall, and to build a strong lattice, arch or trellis for the support. Such removal from the capital structure will simplify the care of clematis after landing in open ground and protect against rainwater and melt water. Since the vines must grow strongly, not experiencing a lack of nutrition and moisture, between individual bushes leave a gap of at least 1-1.5 meters.
If multi-row planting is planned, the landing trenches are located from north to south. So all the plants will be evenly lit throughout the day.
For a single bush is better to choose a place with good morning lighting.
When they put clematis in the ground?
The time of clematis transfer to open ground depends on the planting material selected. Saplings with an open or peat-packed root system cannot wait long. When spring clematis planted in open ground?
They are planted in spring, in April or in the first decade of May, before the shoots grow. Delay or summer planting threatens that clematis gets weakened in the soil, its acclimatization will last longer, and sometimes the plant dies.
Clematis seedling, bought early, often grows at home, therefore young shoots are already available by the usual time of planting. If you bring it to the garden in April, when the main planting of clematis is in open ground in the Moscow region, the greenery will suffer from frost. Such plants are planted in the second half of May, by which time all natural threats are over.
Clematis seedlings with a closed root system can easily tolerate planting during the entire warm period. Shading on hot days will simplify and speed up acclimatization.
In autumn, clematis is planted in open ground from August to October. For the time remaining before the onset of cold weather, the plant takes root and adapts to life in the garden. Specific dates of planting depend on weather and climatic conditions of the region. The delay leads to the freezing of the vines that did not have time to settle down. For the winter, the soil is mulched, and the plants themselves are covered with foliage, spruce branches or dense non-woven material.
Planting clematis in the ground
Choosing the right place for clematis that grows for a long time without transplanting is very important. More importantly, competent organization of the pit for planting clematis in the open ground in spring or autumn.
In areas with close groundwater, danger of flooding or simply dense heavy soil at the bottom of a trench or pit 60 cm deep, high drainage is required from claydite, crushed red brick, stone powder and sand. Additionally, they will equip drainage ditches, through which excess water can easily escape from the flower bed.
Prepare clematis supports in advance. In order not to disturb the root system, arches, grids, mesh or other types of supports are dropping at the same time as planting.
The landing pit for single clematis is made with a depth and width of 60 cm. Group landing requires the preparation of a single trench at the rate of one running meter per bush.
A drainage pad is made at the bottom, and the soil selected from the pit is loosened, cleared of weeds and mixed in equal parts with humus, peat. In the sandy soil is useful to add fertile garden land. On the contrary, loosening sand is mixed into a clayey, dense ground for clematis. As a fertilizer, 100 grams of mineral complex top dressing are applied to each bucket of soil, as well as about a liter of purified wood ash. Increased acidity of the soil is neutralized with dolomite flour, slaked lime or other similar means.
The landing pit is half full, in the form of an equilateral knoll in the middle, filled with the prepared substrate. At its top have a seedling with pre-straightened rhizomes. The root neck, or the place of tillering, must be below the expected level of the ground, and the depth depends on the size and age of the decorative vine.
For saplings of 2–3 years, it is 6–12 cm, that is, not only the base of the plant, but also the first pair of leaves or buds will have to be buried.3-4 year old clematis deepen another 5–10 cm more. Such a measure will help the plant survive the winter frosts and summer heat, as well as stimulate the formation of several strong shoots.
After planting, the ground near clematis is watered, compacted and mulched, and above the young plant it is surrounded by protection from the sun and wind.
Clematis care in open ground
The first year after planting is the time for acclimatization and active growth. Therefore, the soil under clematis is loosened and weeded as necessary. Watering should be regular, but not excessive. Strong seedlings in the first summer form buds, but experienced flower growers advise to tear off future flowers, which risk seriously weakening a small plant. If minerals with organic matter were introduced into the planting pit, the first additional feeding is carried out only in a year, in the spring.
The growing shoots are carefully attached to the installed support and monitor the condition of the greenery. At the beginning of the summer, there is a high risk of a young one being overgrown by sucking insects. Closer to the fall, with increasing humidity and the difference between day and night temperatures, the risk of fungal diseases increases. Therefore, in the care of clematis in the open field must include preventive and urgent treatment with plant protection products.
If the sapling gave only one strong escape, it can be pushed towards tillering by pinching the delicate top. Subsequently, to activate growth, you can use deep watering and fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers. You can make them;
- as a solution on wet ground;
- in dry form with obligatory loosening and irrigation;
- as a foliar dressing, spraying.
The root clematis system develops extremely slowly in acidic soil. Spring watering with lime milk at the rate of 200 grams of lime in a bucket of water will help dilute the soil under plantings.
3-4 years after planting clematis in open ground, the summer resident may face unforeseen difficulties in caring for him. With the observance of agrotechnology flowers become shallow, and the vine grows much slower than before. The most common problem is the lack of moisture. Compacted soil does not pass water to the roots, and loosening at such a depth is impossible. In this case, the system of subsurface irrigation will help, allowing you to saturate the deep layers of soil, and then does not allow them to dry out. At a distance of 30–40 cm from clematis with the open neck, several plastic bottles are instilled down. During watering, they are filled with water, gradually coming to the very roots of flowering creepers.
Perennial clematis also need regular pruning, which helps plants get rid of damaged, old, dried shoots. A summer resident, who has mastered the features of cutting different types of clematis, will receive the most magnificent and early flowering of his charges.
