The use of iron vitriol in gardening in the fall

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In the arsenal of a farmer there is a proven, reliable drug - iron vitriol. It is still in demand, despite the emergence of many new chemicals. The reasons for the popularity: a wide range of applications, low toxicity, reasonable price. What kind of drug it is, how to dilute it and then treat the garden, we will tell further.

; Contentsbefore bud swelling)

  • Program for grapes
  • Special blend
  • Seasonal protection of roses in the garden
  • Fertilizer of fruit trees
  • In everyday life
  • Precautions
  • Storage after use
  • Advantages and disadvantages of the preparation
  • Composition and release form of iron sulphate

    Iron sulfate otherwise called iron sulfate. From a chemical point of view, it is a salt, ferrous sulphate. It looks like small crystals( sometimes - powder) of greenish color with a bluish( turquoise) or yellowish tint.

    Copper sulfate( crystals of a rich blue color) is not an analog or iron substitute, each has its own recipe and objectives.
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    Ferrous sulfate is sold in garden and hardware stores, retail packaging is usually 200 or 250 g. Mass fraction of the beneficial substance( sulfate) is 53%( grade 1) or 47%( grade 2);in terms of pure iron - 20%.

    Close-up of blue vitriol granules

    Preparation of working solution( general rules)

    An aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate of iron in various concentrations in gardening is in demand. It is applied with a sprayer, in some cases - with a brush. Prepare it quite simply.

    Liquid is prepared only in glass, plastic or enameled container.

    Water for breeding is desirable to take soft - rain or snow. The resulting liquid is an antiseptic, has an acid reaction.

    Compatibility with other drugs

    When mixing sulphate of iron with alkalis( for example, with lime), chemical interaction occurs, and many properties are neutralized, lost. But such mixtures are sometimes used in agriculture as moderate( soft) fungicides.

    It is not recommended to combine iron sulphate with other fungicides, with insecticides based on malathion( Karbofos, Fufanon, Aliot, Iskra M, Alatar, Inta-CM).

    Ferrous sulfate is compatible with many drugs, fungicides and insecticides

    Dosage

    Iron sulfate solution is prepared in various concentrations( proportion to 10 liters of water):

    • 15% - 1.5 kg;
    • 10% - 1 kg;
    • 5% - 500 g;
    • 3% - 300 g;
    • 1% - 100 g;
    • 0,5% - 50 g.
    The specific gravity of the substance is approximately the same as that of water. In a glass - 200 g, in a teaspoon - 5 g, in a tablespoon - 16 g. It is impossible to measure with metal spoons, take plastic.

    Concentration of more than 1% is very effective, but it burns greens and is suitable only for plants in the resting stage.

    Applications

    Iron sulfate helps to fight some pests and plant diseases, fungi in homes and cellars. Acts as a fertilizer for chlorosis. Solves the following problems:

    1. Destruction of lichens and mosses in garden plantings.
    2. Disinfection of tree wounds, hollow.
    3. Suppression of fungal infections in fruit, berry, ornamental and vegetable crops( treatment and prevention).Protection contact, on the surface( without penetration inside the plant).
    4. Reduction in the number of certain insects( apple creeper, grape pests).
    5. Reflection of a rodent attack( effectiveness - not 100%).
    6. Restoration of iron deficiency in plant nutrition.
    7. Cleaning the walls of fungus, mold in the cellar and in the house. Wood processing.
    8. Disinfection of country toilets.

    Consider various methods in more detail.

    Used not only for plants, but also for other purposes, such as disinfecting the toilet.

    . Work instructions

    In each specific case, different concentrations are needed. Let's look at the instructions and how it differs for different trees and shrub species.

    When sealing an

    hollow A close up of a hollow on a fruit tree allows you to stop the destruction of the wood and prolong the active life of the plant. The operation is carried out at the end of the season, after leaf fall, in stages:

    • cleaning the internal cavity to healthy wood;
    • disinfection with iron sulfate( 5 percent) ;sometimes recommend a stronger version( 10%);
    • after 4 hours - sealing( filling) with cement mortar( cement, sand, lime in a ratio of 2: 6: 1 plus water until creamy thickness);
    • after drying - paint on the varnish.

    How to treat wounds in trees in the fall

    Frostburns, burns, mechanical and infectious damage to the bark and wood are treated with iron sulfate( 5%) after cutting out dead tissue. The optimal time for such events is the first half of summer.

    The cultivation process of ferrous sulfate for processing crops

    Autumn spraying in gardening

    After the leaves of , the trees and bushes of enter a dormant phase. This is the best time to apply a concentrated strike:

    • for fungal diseases ( coccomycosis, cytosporosis, septoria, black cancer, scab, moniliosis, powdery mildew, anthracnose, blotch, rust, botrytis, etc.);
    • for mosses and lichens .
    The purpose of the work is not only to combat existing infections, but also to prevent them from occurring and developing.

    Dosage for the garden:

    • pome seeds ( apple, pear, etc.) - 5%.
    • stone ( cherry, plum, etc.) and decorative cultures( including roses ), berries ( raspberry, currant, gooseberry) - 3%.

    Treatment is carried out by abundant spraying of trunks and branches, as well as pristvolny circles and soil in the surrounding area. Approximate consumption - 2 liters per plant. They operate at positive air temperature( from +5) in calm and clear weather.

    Treatment in spring( before bud swelling)

    Spring event - analogous to autumn : the same rules( not recommended only for roses).You can not be late with the deadlines: work when setting low positive temperatures( +5 degrees or slightly higher), strictly for dormant buds. If the currant is already awake, it does not touch.

    When treating trees, one should remember

    remedies. Similar spraying of apple trees in the spring reduces the number of the harmful insect - the apple leaflet( sapling).

    Autumn and spring spraying leaves a special protective film on the kidneys. Because of her buds in the spring wake up a few days later. This is usually considered a positive effect, as it sometimes allows the flowers and ovaries to avoid frost.

    Program for grapes

    1. Disinfected cuttings in the fall are disinfected before winter storage( 3%).
    2. Sleeping cuttings are washed with ferrous sulphate solution( 1%) before spring planting. The buds "slow down", contributing to the growth of the roots.
    3. In the fall, the young vine planted for wintering before the shelter is treated at a concentration of 3%, and adult bushes - 5%.Consumption - from 1 to 3 liters per bush. After some time, if the weather is damp, the vines darken - this is a normal reaction.
    4. Work is repeated in the spring, after opening, at air temperatures above +4 degrees, before bud break. Sometimes for spring, the concentration is recommended to be weaker - 1%.

    Many diseases and pests of the vineyards are suppressed - oidium, pillow, mealybug, etc. Along the way, the procedure inhibits the opening of the kidneys for 1-2 weeks( sometimes it is useful for avoiding frost).

    There is an opinion that prewinter processing of grapes and trees with vitriol saves them from biting with mice and hares. Unfortunately, sometimes the method does not help. It is recommended not to neglect additional means of protection.
    Spraying of vitriol on grapes helps to cope with diseases and pests

    Special mixture

    To combat fungal diseases on a green sheet, you have to prepare a special substance( has a scientific patent, has been tested).Mix 50 g of ferrous sulfate, 30 g of urea, 20 g of hydrated lime and 10 liters of water. The prepared liquid is stored no longer than a day. Sprayed:

    • apples, plums, cherries in the bud stage;
    • strawberries in spring in the growth phase of young foliage;
    • tomatoes, potatoes during the growing season( less phytophthora and the Colorado potato beetle).

    Additional effects:

    • acidity of the substance is close to neutral, does not burn;
    • toxicity is minimal;
    • components reinforce each other;
    • good adhesion, long lasting protection;
    • nutritional value( nitrogen, iron, calcium).

    There is a quantitative increase in yield, an improvement in its quality.

    Spraying of iron sulfate can be performed both in spring and autumn

    Seasonal protection of roses in the garden

    To combat black spot on roses, they are sprayed with iron sulfate foliage( diluted in a concentration from 0.5 to 1%, not more): starting fromlate spring - several times( with an interval of 13 days).

    Fertilizing fruit trees

    If there is a shortage of iron, the plants show signs of chlorosis( yellowing, blanching) on ​​young leaves, the old leaf remains green;flowers are shrinking. Apple trees are especially sensitive - they have young shoots. On grassy plants, chlorosis occurs when excessive irrigation of the land with potassium permanganate( it interferes with the absorption of food).

    Rescue foliar feeding with a weak solution of vitriol( up to 0.5%): several times weekly. For prophylaxis the dose is five times less - 10 g( 2 tsp) per bucket.

    Watering is less effective: in the soil the substance is bound in inaccessible forms. Chelate fertilizer is necessary for root feed. It can be made independently: combine 1 liter of water, half a teaspoon of citric acid, a teaspoon of iron sulphate. The mixture is not stored, watered immediately.

    In everyday life,

    • At the beginning of autumn, , before harvesting, on the surface of basements and cellars means( from 1 to 6%) is applied by spraying or brushing;then air out.
    • A strong concentration of 15% is used against the house fungus.
    • Outdoor garden toilets sprayed to disinfect and reduce “odor”( 5%).
    Disinfection of vitriol garden toilet helps reduce unpleasant odorDoes not burn, does not explode.

    The ingestion of a large amount of the drug causes a general toxic effect, indigestion, irritation of the skin and mucous membranes. Emergency medical assistance is required.

    With competent agricultural work there are no problems. Spraying is carried out in calm weather, in protective clothing, in the respirator "Petal", in gloves. It is necessary to avoid settling of particles in the respiratory tract, as well as on the eyes, skin and mucous membranes. In case of contact, rinse with water.

    Storage after use

    Shelf life in a sealed package - without limitation. Opened containers should be protected from moisture, used as soon as possible.

    Advantages and disadvantages of the drug

    Cons:

    1. Severe restrictions on the processing time.
    2. Protective action - no more than a half moon.
    3. Substance is easily washed off by rain.
    4. Does not help against bacterial and viral diseases.
    5. Increased concentration can destroy( burn) the plant.
    6. Lower concentration is useless.

    Positive aspects:

    1. The low cost of the drug.
    2. Long shelf life.
    3. Good efficacy against fungi.
    4. Additional iron feed.
    5. No toxicity( in authorized doses) for plants, humans, or the environment has been identified.

    Iron vitriol is deservedly included in the list of popular drugs. With proper use, it gives excellent performance in terms of cost / effectiveness, protects planting from diseases and fungi.

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