The main task of any heat-insulating material is to reduce the owner's cost of heating the room. In the cold season, thermal insulation affects the preservation of heat, and in hot weather it does not let in excess heat from the street. It has long been known that high-quality material can save up to 30% of energy consumption.
It is not uncommon for manufacturers of building materials, including insulation, to improve quality characteristics they use various chemicals that contain carcinogens or vaporize harmful fumes when heating up. Such material is not classified as environmentally friendly, as it can be harmful to human health.
In order for the insulation to be considered environmentally friendly, only natural processed substances should be its basis. To determine whether there is thermal insulation with such a property, we consider some of its types.
Fiberglass has a fairly good coefficient of thermal conductivity - 0.4W / m ° C. Insulation is found in the form of plates, placers and rolls. Well suited to fill the voids of buildings. The basis of fiberglass is silicon dioxide, which can cause irritation to the skin, eyes and nasopharynx. Sometimes even formaldehyde is found in the composition.
Mineral wool in terms of thermal conductivity does not exceed fiberglass, since its rate reaches a maximum of 0.047 W / m ° C. The material is also sold in three forms. Vata has proven itself in warming rooms with a moderate level of humidity. Some brands are even used to isolate basements, as they have a certain moisture resistance. A variety of rocks, including slag, act as the basis.
A disadvantage is the content of irritant in the composition of the cotton wool, which can cause irritation in a person. In addition, the presence of carcinogens in the form of urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resin in mineral wool has been repeatedly proven.
As for foam insulation or extruded polystyrene foam, their basis is petrochemical products, which, when exposed to temperatures, secrete such an element as hexabromocyclododecane and other toxic to humans substances.
In order for the heat-insulating elements to have the property of environmental friendliness, in the process of their selection it is recommended to pay attention to such materials as sheep's wool, cotton and cellulose.
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