Daylight lamps: how to connect the device, repair

Luminescent lighting devices are a unique combination of efficiency and economical use of electric energy. Ceiling and wall fluorescent lamps are used for plants, lighting of the working surface and living rooms.

Advantages and disadvantages

Energy-saving gas-discharge fluorescent lamps are models of lighting devices for creating daylight in rooms where there is no sunlight. If incandescent or diode models do not use special gas compounds for combustion, luminescent ones emit light due to the reaction of a mixture of gases that are in the bulb with the wick.

Previously, it was believed that such lamps are harmful to eyesight, and they were rarely used in living conditions. In most cases, they equipped production facilities (for warehouse, garage). But special gas mixtures, which include calcium halophosphate, make it possible to produce calm yellow rays that are perfectly perceived by eye crystals.

Advantages of lamps daylight:

1. Fluorescent models can provide light output, which will far exceed that of incandescent lamps;
2. Despite the bright glow, they save electricity;
3. Lampshades are often made of durable materials that are fairly durable. They may not break even when dropped;
4. The durability of gas-discharge lamps is many times greater than ordinary;
5. At the moment, these lighting devices have a fairly wide color temperature. If earlier they were produced exceptionally low (the light was bright white), now on sale you can find yellow and natural options.

Disadvantages:

1. Disposal of fluorescent lamps can only be carried out by specialists, or if they are handed over to certain institutions, because the gas mixture contains components that are hazardous to the body (for example, phosphorus or mercury gas connections). Unlike their counterparts without gas, they cannot simply be thrown into the bin, and special workers must be called for dismantling;
2. Like some LED lamps, the fluorescent lamp does not turn on immediately, it blinks for several seconds, and after heating the gas-discharge mixture, it turns on completely;
3. Can only be inserted in special cartridges;
4. Any model is a little buzzing, and sometimes blinks during operation;
5. It is not always possible to connect a natural daylight lamp with your own hands, an electronic circuit is required. In some cases, a fairly serious approach is needed to ensure the installation and operation of the lamp. While a simple economical lamp can be screwed into the cartridge for several minutes.

There are different kinds lighting fixtures. They can be classified by power, temperature and shape. In particular, now the most popular are:

1. Linear options (elongated electric model, suitable for lighting corridors or official cabinets);
2. Ring (they are also called round). Ideal for lighting living rooms and kitchens.

Sometimes they are distributed by type of installation. For example, there may be portable, hanging, and wall-mounted offers that can be mounted on any surface. Now in particular, the popular rechargeable daylight table lamp, which allows you to provide a natural soft glow in any corner of the room.

Principle of operation

The fluorescent lamp works due to the presence of an arc discharge between the two electrodes, which are necessary for its power supply. Inside the flask is filled with a gas mixture of inert components, including phosphorus and mercury. Lighting is provided by the fact that when an electric current passes through a gas space, the mixture lights up and begins to produce ultraviolet radiation, almost identical natural.

As you know, ultraviolet radiation is invisible to the human eye, so a special component is needed that can make light visible. For this, a substance is used that covers the body from the inside, most often these are derivatives of calcium or zinc. It absorbs ultraviolet light and produces visible light output. Lamps, depending on the type of this substance, can emit a different color: warm or cold.

If the device flickers during operation, this means that there are certain problems with the arc discharge. To control the burning of the electrodes, a kind of holder or ballast is used, which controls the flow of directed particles. The device of a fluorescent lamp is such that to turn on the current must pass through the cathode, heat it and then keep the contact temperature at a certain level.

Marking

In order to choose the right lamp model, you need to know how the labeling of fluorescent lamps is deciphered. Modern industrial models are indicated by a code that consists of three points:

1. In the first place is the definition of the glow index. Depending on which indicator is indicated, you can determine how the lamp is lit. The higher the number, the more natural the light will be in the end;
2. The following numbers will help determine specific temperature indicators, in most cases, the lumens and power of the lamp are also indicated.

But domestic manufacturers considered that such marking would be difficult to read, and now there are more simple and understandable models like LB on sale. These species do not differ from imported ones except for the designation.

L - the first letter, means "luminescent glow";

The following letters may be:

• B - white color;
• X is cold;
• T is warm. It turns out that the LBT lamp is a cool white lamp.

Sometimes you can also see the letter E (natural go day). It should be noted that it is with this color rendition that any daytime driving lamp is produced, but only for cars you need a round LED model. There are still types for special occasions, let’s say, for the coverage of exhibitions, CCs are needed - especially bright.

How to connect a lamp

In order to connect the lamp, it is necessary to use a rather expensive choke, which is a weak part of the device. Its threads often burn out, and changing them is very difficult. Therefore, now many electricians use a throttle-free connection of fluorescent lamps, in which their characteristics do not change, but the service life is extended. To play it, you need a scheme:

Also, before connecting a fluorescent lamp, you need to buy all the necessary radio elements.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the schemes where a transformer and a starter are not needed to connect an energy-saving fluorescent daylight, instead a capacitor is required. It then turns on like this:

You need to be careful if you run this way. Make sure that the wires of the contacts do not darken, otherwise they will need a replacement. It should be noted that this circuit has a serious drawback - if you light the lamp in this way, then its control will be impossible.

Video: how to light a fluorescent lamp without a throttle

Inspection and repair of fixtures

In the event that the lamp burns out, it is very difficult to repair it, yet it is quite real. First you need to find out exactly what the malfunction is. To do this, check the throttle of the fluorescent lamps. It is necessary to use an incandescent control lamp. Connect two wires from the contacts to the test base, and plug the structure into the network. If the starter is intact, then the control model begins to warm at full strength, sometimes it is a little short.

If necessary, you can also repair the lamp inductor, but then you need to pay attention to the power of the daylight device, the radiation spectrum and the size of the wires (their cross sections). If you connect inappropriate parts, it will not burn.

With a complete malfunction, you can always buy new fluorescent lamps, especially since their price is often quite affordable. Sale is carried out in any stores of electrical equipment and components. Especially popular are the Chinese Osram (Osram) and Philips (Philips), as well as domestic electronic ballasts and OKPD. When buying, always pay attention to the technical characteristics of the selected models, as well as their energy consumption.