Roof drains are part of a full-fledged gutter engineering construction of buildings. The system is designed to collect and discharge precipitation products (rainwater, melt water), thereby performing the function of protecting the facade, the foundation and the elements adjacent to it.
Usually the device of such systems is the prerogative of professional builders. However, making roof gutters with your own hands is also quite possible. Let's figure out how to do it.
The content of the article:
- Drainage system of residential buildings
- About pipes and fittings
-
Drainage system independently: instructions
- Short photo guide
- Installation of drainage system
- Method of control of slope and indentation
- Manufacturing receiving funnel
- How to make a drain pipe from the roof?
- Some features of polymer systems
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Drainage system of residential buildings
To have an idea of how to make gutters for the roof of a house or a barn with your own hands, at a minimum, you need basic information about the system as a whole.
Drain to the roof of a private house - an element essential, ensuring the durability of the building. Usually arranged during the construction of the building. You can do it yourself if you wish.
The design, designed to protect the foundation of the building, to prevent erosion of soil and flooding of the basement, consists of the following prefabricated parts:
- side gutters;
- mounting brackets gutters;
- drain pipes;
- connecting elements of straight pipes (couplings);
- fixing clamps drainpipes;
- tees, contours, plums, caps;
- funnels and lattices of collections of water.
Side gutters - mounting elements assembled from separate trays, including corner ones.
The gutters are placed directly under the bottom edge of the roofing and are fixed with brackets.
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Drainage system designed to collect and drain rainwater from the pitched roof, includes a number of standard elements. This gutter, funnels and risers
The gutters are laid almost horizontally along the slopes or along the perimeter of the house with a slight slope towards the catchment area
A drainpipe is connected to the catchment funnel, through which water collected from the roof flows into the storm sewer inlets
In the device of an organized drain there is a sense if it works in tandem with storm sewers. Drains from the roof are diverted along the gutters and risers directly to the inlets, from which they are transported to the place of unloading.
Cattle Roof Drain System
Gutter and drainpipe
Connection of drainpipe to the drainage funnel
Storm sewer inlet
Thanks to the diverting troughs, water is collected over the entire roof area and redirection of the collected liquid to the locations of the funnels of the drain pipes.
Round-shaped gutters are used in the construction of drainage systems more often than the same rectangular elements. But such statistics does not mean that the rectangular gutters are worse. Both configurations show good performance.
About pipes and fittings
A component of the system - drain pipes (metal or plastic, round or rectangular), designed to discharge water from the level of the uppermost ceiling of the building to ground level.
Drainpipes are assembled from several separate pipes connected with each other by connecting elements. Fully assembled pipe is fixed vertically with mounting clamps.
Additional elements of the drainage system are plugs for gutters, contours, tees, funnels, protective nets, grilles.
A set of shaped parts traditionally used in the construction of the drainage systems of private houses. When building a system with their own hands, all these elements will be required in the amount determined by the calculations.
Chute plugs are installed on the ends of the fluted lines, have a diverse configuration and shape (right-sided, left-sided, universal). Due to the contours, neat installation of pipes in complex architectural areas is carried out. Tees provide technical stains, and funnels, nets and gratings contribute to the efficient removal of water.
We also recommend reading our material on how to independently calculate the amount of necessary materials for arrangement of drainage system.
Drainage system independently: instructions
Having basic knowledge, it is already easier to solve the problem of how to make drains from the roof of a private two-story house. But for a complete picture of possible projects, it is desirable to familiarize yourself with the methods used for the construction of such systems.
There are two ways (except for the so-called unorganized system):
- Device internal drainage.
- Device outdoor drain.
The first method is widely used on buildings of several floors (more than two). The peculiarity of the scheme is obvious - the drainpipes are mounted inside the building with their placement in close proximity to the bearing walls.
A good example of an outdoor drain system mounted for the roof of a private house. In this design, all mounting elements made of polymers are used. The only exceptions are the shanks of fixing clamps made of metal.
The second method of external installation of drainpipes is almost always used for private low-rise housing construction. It differs from the first method by placing drains outside the building.
Short photo guide
The stages of assembling and installing the drainage system are performed in the standard manner. Let us consider the construction option, produced after the roofing. The master who wants to make a drain has to perform the following steps:
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To install the drain on the equipped roof, remove the bottom row of tiles. At the edge of the eaves overhang we put additional sieve, to which we will fix the brackets of the drainage system
We try on holders with a long leg to the place of installation. The outer edge of the brackets should extend approximately 1/3 the width of the gutter beyond the edge of the roof.
According to the fitting we bend the metal leg of the holder
We install two extreme brackets, taking into account the slope of the drainage system in the direction of the catchment funnel. The slope should be about 1-2 cm per meter
We attach the fastened extreme brackets with string or fishing line and check if the slope is correctly marked.
The edge of the gutter is closed with a plug so that rainwater does not merge through it.
The gutter blanks are connected with details with expansion-compensating properties. Snap them, putting on both parts below
Fix the gutters, bending the "tongue" of long brackets. This will protect the system from damage during hurricane winds.
Step 1: Install additional lath
Step 2: Fitting long-leg holders
Step 3: Preparing the extreme holders for installation
Step 4: Attaching the brackets to the lath
Step 5: Check for slope in markup
Step 6: Install the plug on the edge of the gutter
Step 7: Assemble the gutter gutter
Step 8: Mount the gutters with long brackets
To collect and drain rainwater to the gutter, you need to attach a catchment funnel and a riser through which water will flow either into the tank for its collection or into the storm sewer:
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Remove the part of the gutter in which the catchment will be located. This is the lowest point in the drainage system.
By marking we drill a hole through which rainwater will flow into the drainage funnel and then into the drainpipe
Fastened to the gutter funnel from the outside. To its outlet we will connect the riser
We collect the drain pipe from the knees, straight segments and branches. We bring the riser to the tank, in which rainwater will be collected, or to the storm water intake
Step 9: Layout Hole Installation
Step 10: Drilling the hole in the markup
Step 11: Mount the drainage funnel to the gutter
Step 12: Assemble the drain riser
Installation of drainage system
As a rule, work on the device drainage system begin to carry out before the start of work on the installation of roofing or at the final stage of laying the lower roof sheets.
However, if the roof design allows you to mount the gutter on the eaves (frontal) plank, the drain can be done after laying the roofing carpet. But the work on the facade of the building must be finally completed in any case.
The sequence of actions is as follows:
- Mounting brackets gutters.
- Assembly, installation, fixing drainpipes.
- Device drainage system.
The brackets, which will keep the gutters in a horizontal position, are fixed on the bottom board of the batten, preferably at the point of its emphasis on the rafter. Or attach the brackets to the eaves front plate. In any case, the frequency of mounting brackets relative to each other is not more than 600 mm.
Instructions for the assembly of the drainage system requires accurate exposure of all installation dimensions. It is especially important to observe the established numbers on the placement of elements, if the structure is made of plastic parts.
The brackets should be mounted in such a way that after mounting the gutters their front edge is 20-30 mm below the line of the roof plane.
Method of control of slope and indentation
Creating a gallery of brackets, you must take into account the slope towards the collection funnel drainpipe. To do this, taking into account the specified slope, the initial and final gutter holders are mounted and the control cord is tensioned between them.
The permissible slope of the chute is 2-3 mm per meter of length. Indents from the extreme end lines of the roof to the first and last brackets are made at a distance of 50-100 mm. The same rules apply to the distance from the bracket to the receiving funnel of the drain pipe.
With the help of the control cord (the second thread stretched between the brackets), the “running out” of the front edges of the fasteners relative to the conditional edge of the roof covering is also controlled. Here, the distance from the conditional edge of the coating to the front edge of the gutter bracket should be equal to the maximum radius of the semicircle of the fixing bracket, at least 1/3 of the radius.
The installation procedure of the gutter brackets is accompanied by control of the slope and indents from the edge of the roof covering. To do this, use a simple technique - lacing, stretched from the initial to the final bracket
At the end of the installation, the gutters are laid with their subsequent fixation with special protrusions of the brackets, the installation of end caps and receiving funnels.
Manufacturing receiving funnel
To connect the gutter with a downpipe, the installation of a receiving funnel is necessary. To mount this part in the system with your own hands is easy.
The process is as follows:
- Take the detail design - receiving funnel.
- Attach to the bottom of the gutter bottom and outline the hole contour.
- Drill a hole in the gutter wall along the marked line.
- Sand the edges of the hole with sandpaper and coat with glue.
- Fasten the part to the chute with locks, aligning the holes.
Options for receiving the funnel on the gutter there are several. For example, instead of drilling a hole with a crown mounted on a drill, you can make a through hole with two opposing gash with a regular hacksaw.
With your own hands it is easy to make a hole in the wall of the gutter for the installation of a receiving funnel. With the help of an ordinary hacksaw, a piece of plastic is cut out. On the central points of the cuts, droppers are usually made on both sides.
It should also be noted that in some cases installation requires the introduction of compensatory (temperature-sensitive expansion) receiving funnels. Such parts are placed between two eaves trays and fixed in a standard way on special locks without the use of glue.
How to make a drain pipe from the roof?
The calculation of the number of drainpipes is done according to the number of reception funnels of the gutters and depending on the size of the height of the building. By standards, one receiving funnel is enough for 10 meters of the gutter length.
The length of the pipes for industrial production gutters is usually 3-4 m. When assembling, it is recommended to focus on the minimum number of connections of the pipes. That is the best mounting option - the use of pipes with a length of 4 m.
Together with the straight pipes, two standard contours (angle 112 °) and one drain for each unit of the drainpipe will be required (subject to the traditional project of a residential private house).
From the output of the receiving funnel, due to the connection of two bypasses, the exit under the water pipe is displayed closer to the wall of the building. If necessary (depending on the width of the eaves) the contours are supplemented with a pipe segment.
For removal of the drainpipe from the eaves to the wall, which is made to reduce the windage of the system, corner elements are used. Connect them in accordance with the width of the eaves: either with each other or with the use of a piece of pipe between them
Next steps:
- The lower loop is complemented by a connecting element (coupling).
- From the bottom of the coupling is inserted the first straight pipe.
- A clamp is placed on the pipe under the coupling and fixed to the wall.
- Until the next tube connection, mounting clamps are mounted every 1.8–2 meters in length.
- Put another clutch and the process repeats.
This is how the drainage is assembled to its lower edge at a distance of 30-35 mm from the building wall. The horizon of the lower edge of the drain according to the standards is set to 250-400 mm above ground level.
With detailed instructions for installing roof gutters can be read. here.
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For roofs with a wide eaves overhang, removal from the drain funnel to the riser is performed using two corner pieces and a pipe section. Attaching the upper funnel to the nozzle, measure the distance to the second corner bend manually
Taking into account the entry of the connecting piece to the upper outlet and entering it into the lower we saw off the pipe piece with a hacksaw
We clean the burrs from the cut of the connecting piece, sandpaper the roughened surfaces, apply glue and quickly assemble the drain pipe elbow
On the drainpipe install clamps, which, depending on the diameter of the pipe have in 1.2 - 1.7 m, and fix the holders on the wall with fasteners corresponding to the quality and appearance building material
Step 1: Measuring the distance for the eaves contour
Step 2: Cutting the connecting pipe section
Step 3: Deburring a pipe cut
Step 4: Mount the vertical stretch of drain on the wall
Couplings bypasses and couplings usually provide seals with rubber rings included in the kit of fittings. But instead of sealing rings, the option of applying glue (for plastic) is also acceptable. A drain is mounted on the lower edge of the drainpipe if there is no surface drainage system around the perimeter of the building.
To collect rainwater in the tank on the drain pipe set selector:
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To install the rainwater sampler, we cut the drainpipe in a convenient place for connection. We remove the burrs from the cut and put the device on the pipe
Choose the optimal height for the location of the drain pipe otbornika. It should be just above the top edge of the water tank.
We connect a pipe with a cap to the lower edge of the sampler. It will serve as a kind of siphon with a revision to perform cleaning
We connect an inch hose to the outlet nozzle and put it into a container for collecting rainwater
Step 1: Install the rainwater sampler
Step 2: Adjust the height of the device
Step 3: Assemble the drain riser
Step 4: Connect the hose and water collection tank
Some features of polymer systems
Compared to metal drainage structures, polymer systems attract with cost-effective installation and simplified assembly.
Meanwhile, plastic has the properties of changing the structure under conditions of fluctuations in ambient temperature. Therefore, for anyone who decides to do the drainage for the roof of a private house with their own hands, these material properties should be kept in mind and apply the installation technique with thermal expansion compensation.
Compensation of thermal expansion / compression is achieved, for example, by incomplete insertion of smooth pipe ends into socket parts. Also, a loose tightening of the rim of the fastening clips unlocks the axial movement of parts as a result of thermal expansion.
It is desirable to limit the use of glue when installing drainpipes, to apply it only on one of the parts of the joints. The installation of the socket connections should be carried out in the position of the socket with the direction "up".
The design of the mounting element, which provides compensation for thermal expansion. It is used in the assembly of gutters. Similar design solutions are used on other parts.
Almost all manufacturers of modern drainage systems have taken into account the properties of plastic and produce shaped parts (expansion elements), adapted to temperature differences. On the case of such parts the temperature scale is indicated, in accordance with which they are mounted in the system.
From the effects of temperature plastic deformation is possible. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the standards of installation, the distance between fasteners. Compliance with the rules - a guarantee device quality roof drainage system.
AT this material You can get acquainted with all the advantages and disadvantages of plastic and metal gutters.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
To learn how to properly design a drainage system, you can learn from the following video:
Assembling the drainage system with his own hand is a solvable task. It is clear that independence is primarily aimed at saving. Meanwhile, intending to arrange a drain with their own hands, it is advisable to make calculations based on parameters such as the total area of the roof and the average precipitation intensity on the ground.
The results of the calculations will contribute to additional savings, since they can accurately determine the need for materials and parts for installation.
There were questions about how to independently equip the drain for the roof? Set them in the block with comments, and we will try to quickly answer them. You can also share experiences or give valuable advice on arranging the drainage system to visitors to our site.
