Common building systems and communications were originally planned for placement in each apartment of an apartment building. These are gas and water supply systems, sewerage and ventilation systems, and the power grid. However, in many projects of apartment buildings, architects have not designed a very convenient location for certain types of communications, among which there is a ventilation mine, do you agree?
In these cases, during the overhaul of the apartment, the owner has a need to make changes to the original project or to redevelop. But many changes must be coordinated with the management company, the chief architect or the executive authority of the district.
It is about the changes that require approval that we will talk in this article - we will consider in detail whether it is possible to chisel the ventilation shaft during repairs and how to do it correctly. We also focus on the legal nuances of this rather urgent issue.
The content of the article:
- How is the ventilation mine going in the apartment?
- Work with the ventilation shaft
- Consequences of shaving a mine
- How to correctly and legally make a strobe?
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
How is the ventilation mine going in the apartment?
The ventilation shafts were designed in such a way as to ensure free air circulation in the room. That is why sometimes they take place in different parts of the apartments, sometimes they are even marked with a special box.
A purely technically branched network of ventilation ducts is connected in a ventilation shaft, from which there is already a branch to the attic or roof. However, in new projects of houses, air is taken at the level of 2-3 floors, then it is cleaned, humidified and sent through the ventilation boxes to all floors of the house. And the exhaust system, working in parallel, is installed on the roof. It takes heat from the exhaust air and then removes it.
In panel houses, the ventilation mine is a structure of concrete blocks stacked on top of each other. For the implementation of normal air ventilation, it is necessary that the shaft is ideally vertical.
The ventilation shaft box can have an extremely inconvenient location in the room, interfering with the conduction of communication lines. Moreover, its integrity should not be violated.
The ventilation shaft starts from the basement floor and, passing through all the floors, goes to the roof - it is here that the air streams will be evacuated from the mine in the future.
As for the parameters, the section of the mine and the shape depend on the project according to which the construction of the apartment building was carried out. The material from which it can be made is concrete, metal or plastic. The structure itself must be made in accordance with sanitary and fire safety standards, as well as using non-combustible materials.
Since the main task of the ventilation shaft is to ensure the circulation of air masses in the premises of the building, it must meet a number of requirements:
- be free of debris;
- be sealed;
- have free space defined by the project.
The fulfillment of the first item of the list is achieved by timely work on cleaning ventilation ducts, which, at the request of the guidance documents, must be held at least once a year.
The tightness of the mine is also checked during the work. After all, any violation of the integrity of the ventilation shaft leads to a failure in air circulation. Also, the violation of air exchange can be facilitated by the presence of foreign objects in the mine.
The joints between the individual modules of the ventilation shaft must be sealed with concrete. In metal shafts, joints must be made on flanges.
When carrying out repairs, it is advisable to study the layout of the ventilation so as not to damage it during work. Also, do not further exploit the wall section of the ventilation duct (exclude hanging fasteners, hooks, cabinets, etc.)
Mine operation is regulated SNiP 41-01-2003 and a number of regulatory requirements for the operation of the ventilation system, for the safety of operation, according to the standards applicable to residential apartment buildings.
Work with the ventilation shaft
Cutting through walls for various needs using special electrical tools is called chipping. The need for it most often arises when laying wires and pipelines. So, when carrying out repairs in an apartment, specialists initially draw up a plan for the location of the electrical wiring.
The standard number of lighting lamps, sockets and switches is not always convenient to use and often does not meet the requirements of the landlord. The comfortable use of electrical appliances depends on the location of these points of the electrical network. Therefore, when designing new electrical outlets, for your convenience, it becomes necessary to prepare channels for laying electrical cables. That's when it will take chipping walls for wiring, including the walls of ventilation shafts.
Shtrobing is also carried out for the internal placement of water pipes. These works can also negatively affect the general ventilation system of the house.
To figure out whether it is possible to carry out work on the ventilation shaft in the apartment, you need to look at two main documents:
- Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
- Regulatory documents in construction, in particular, concerning ventilation systems.
They describe in detail all the nuances in the design, construction and operation of ventilation shafts.
The initial implementation of communications during construction meets the requirements of SNiP, without violating the integrity of the ventilation shaft and was carried out in strict compliance with the standards
Summarizing the information from these documents, it can be noted that:
- any change from the original project must be agreed with the housing authorities (management company, city executive authority), otherwise it will be considered an unauthorized redevelopment (article 29 LCD RF);
- violation of the functioning of the communications of an apartment building entails administrative responsibility;
- the use of ventilation shafts for personal purposes is prohibited (even for hanging cabinets), - they can only be used to ensure air exchange;
- it is forbidden to carry out other communications inside the ventilation shafts.
In some houses, ventilation shafts are in the form of a box inside the room. They create an irregular shape for the room and reduce its overall area. As a rule, such shafts are located between the kitchen and bathrooms. In this position, the passage of communication systems directly through the ventilation mine is also impossible.
It should be noted that some workers still lay communication lines (water and gas pipes, electric cable) through the mine, saving on material. The holes are sealed with foam and plastered. However, such a clear violation of the tightness of the ventilation shaft can lead to the fact that all the smell from the lower apartments will seep into the room. In this case, the wiring of communications is possible between the wall and the ventilation shaft box in the floor of the room. In any case, communications must be fenced off with a certain building structure.
Consequences of shaving a mine
As mentioned in the article above, the use and operation of ventilation shafts is regulated in strict accordance with SNiP 41-01-2003.
And, from the point of view of this document, chipping of ventilation shafts is strictly prohibited. Since any intervention leads to a violation of the tightness and, consequently, the destruction of the entire general ventilation system.
Conducting communications through the ventilation shaft box, as shown in the photo, is unacceptable. Such performance of work breaks the tightness and leads to disruption of the functioning of the ventilation system of the building as a whole.
In accordance with the Housing Code, the person, through whose fault the ventilation system was disabled, will incur administrative punishment, and is obliged to restore the damaged section of the ventilation mines. The fine for chipping the ventilation shaft is 2,500 rubles.
How to correctly and legally make a strobe?
If it becomes necessary to lay pipes or wiring electrical networks in this place, it is necessary to make thickening of the wall of the ventilation shaft using gas blocks or other building materials.
After the artificial thickening is created, the necessary communications are already laid in it. Such an operation is not considered an intervention and is absolutely legal.
The main nuance in the legislation is the permission of the following actions with the ventilation shaft:
- widening the opening of the ventilation shaft for grating installation or under a special fan;
- slight hole shift ventilation shaft to the side.
This work must be carried out by a person who has an understanding of how the ventilation shaft is arranged and who is familiar with the ventilation network of this house.
The photo shows one of the options for conducting communications - along the perimeter of the ventilation duct. Such wiring is also prohibited, but with neat strobing, laying communications and further plastering this channel without leaving visible traces and without harming the ventilation system, has place to be
In order to shift the hole, it is necessary to grind and assemble a special satellite channel, which will be a continuation of the ventilation shaft along the wall in the room.
If the satellite channel is incorrectly installed and the ventilation shaft is damaged, unpleasant odors will come into the room from neighboring apartments.
We also recommend that you familiarize yourself with transfer rules ventilation hole in the kitchen.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Changes to the ventilation boxes and plumbing boxes in the house are described in the following video:
This video shows how you can close an existing hole in the ventilation shaft with the installation of sockets there. At the same time, the authors of the video also claim that it is strictly forbidden to do this:
About the restoration of the ventilation box after its dismantling in the following video:
Thus, shallowing a ventilation shaft is considered an illegal operation. Despite the fairly large thickness of the box in some houses, any impact can cause mechanical damage, which in the future will lead to incorrect functioning of the system ventilation. As a punishment for damage to common building communications, a fine and restoration of the ventilation shaft are provided.
If after reading the presented material you have any questions or want to supplement the publication with interesting information, based on personal experience - leave your comments, ask questions and participate in the discussion in a special block, located below.
