We are sure that if you need to install a fume hood, you will use the help of the wizard. Meanwhile, in order to choose the distance from the gas stove to the hood, you will have to forget about the rush and take into account, on average, more than five factors that are relevant to your kitchen.
You wouldn't want to re-install, would you? Installation of the hood is another link in the arrangement of the kitchen, and the quality of the work performed should not be inferior to everything else.
When installing the hood, errors occur, due to which the device becomes unusable over time. Consumers who have a broken device sometimes regret their money for new appliances and begin to ventilate the kitchen many times more often and longer. In order to prevent this from happening with your hood, we have collected all the important information about the installation height and installation rules of the device.
The content of the article:
- Extractor hood above the hob
- Calculating the power of the extractor
-
Installing an exhaust system above a gas stove
- Hood installation between cupboards
- Other mounting options
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Extractor hood above the hob
Hoods above the slabs improve local ventilation, air circulation throughout the room. Built-in ventilation ducts cope poorly with the same task, and the kitchen owners have a choice - to use an exhaust hood or to constantly open windows, both in summer and in winter. Furniture and furnishings will maintain their appearance if steam from the dishes is released quickly.
The image shows an extractor hood of the classic dome model, but with a rounded shape, which is more rare for modern times, and an air duct extending into the ceiling.
Ventilation devices are of 2 types according to the mode of action and have more than 10 varieties in structure. Hoods are placed over gas stoves, electric, mixed-type appliances.
The properties of the air are improved due to the fact that the hood eliminates:
- steam;
- residues of combustion gases;
- pollution;
- soot;
- smells.
The devices purify the gaseous medium by flow (exhaust) and recirculation methods. Devices of the 1st type draw in air and remove it from the building. Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting that the systems need channels, and that the kitchen has to be filled with air from the street.
Recirculating hoods they take in the air mass, pump it over the filters and give it back. They purify the air for a long time, and their parts wear out quickly, which is the main disadvantage.
The smallest installation height of the hood in the case of a gas stove is 75-85 cm between the lower edge and the burners, in addition, the exact numbers are indicated in the instructions for the equipment. Devices with a lower pulling force, about 300 m³ / h, are usually located at the lower boundary of the interval, i. E. at 75 centimeters.
The same arrangement is suitable for systems that do not have a 10 cm headroom on each side of the slab. Hoods for electrical appliances are fixed on average 10 cm lower - 65-75 cm above the hob.
The ideal hood protrudes from the sides and front of the hob and has a greater depth, width and area than the hob
In general, there is an exception for tilting systems. Above the gas stoves, they are mounted 55-65 cm along the lower edge. 20 cm higher than above the electric ones, with which there is enough space of 35-45 cm.
All types of exhaust systems are placed on the lower edge no higher than 90 cm above the hob of any appliance. The island hood is 1.3-1.5 meters wide, it can be raised by another 5-10 cm. Failure to comply with the lower installation limit increases the risk of parts breakage and oily film fire.
On location height over a gas or any other stove, the material of the hood is not affected. For placement within the allowed interval - too.
Island hoods are installed over kitchen islands and peninsulas: appliances are made with a rectangular, cylindrical, square, T-shaped, as well as inverted tables and unusual geometric figures
When choosing a height, three additional factors are taken into account:
- The presence of organized natural ventilation of the supply and exhaust type and the distance to it. The shorter the distance, the higher the stove device can be mounted.
- The configuration of the kitchen, furniture and household appliances. We are talking about the placement of the second tier of the headset, objects above the hood, the height of the ceilings, as well as the presence, size and features of the plate cover.
- The presence of a stove. A heated oven has a negative effect on the interior of the cooker hood. Above a standard device with a stove, the hood is installed closer to the upper limit of the norm, if nothing interferes with this.
Difficulties arise due to the structure of the exhaust device. Suspended telescopic ones are designed to be installed below the bottom of the hanging box, which limits the choice of height. The same goes for embedded models, which "replace" the bottom of the furniture section, but the cabinets for fixing and hiding the air intake are changed if something happens.
The installation of wall-mounted hoods at the optimum height is sometimes interfered with by pipes and slab covers. Island models are fixed to the ceiling, so their height along the lower level is determined by the dimensions.
For everyone who is engaged in cooking, access to the back of the hood should be organized; its adjustment panel, which is usually in front, can be reached by any adult, even at the maximum height of placement
Do not use sockets between the hob and the bottom of the hood. The point for power supply is provided at a level of 2-2.5 meters above the floor, inside the wall cabinets or immediately above them.
The outlet is spaced at least 15 cm from the duct. The most universal height for a nest is considered to be 200 cm above the floor and 110 cm above the slab or table top of the working area.
Calculating the power of the extractor
By SNiP 2.08.01-89 the rate of removal of treated air for 4-burner stoves is 90 cubic meters or more per hour. GOST 26813-99 requires a capacity of 200 m³ / hour from ventilation units.
But installing mechanical (forced) ventilation in the kitchen obliges SNiP 2.04.05-91.
Before choosing the height and installation, the required performance must be determined. Installing a weak system in a large kitchen is a waste of money.
The minimum power for effective air purification is determined by the formula N = S × h × 12 × 1.3, where:
- S - kitchen area;
- h is the height of the ceilings in the room;
- 12 - so many times you need to renew the air in the kitchen within an hour;
- 1.3 is equivalent to 30% - the approximate indicator of power loss due to air movement along bends, joints, openings and filters.
A small margin is added to the result obtained without the specified 30 percent, because calculation of the performance of the hoods manufacturers are inaccurate.
The owners of medium-sized kitchens should be guided by models with a capacity of 350, 400, 450 and 500 m³ / hour. The indicator is selected no more than the throughput of the built-in ventilation ducts used.
The table shows the minimum required extraction capacity in m³ / hour (rounded to whole numbers) according to the formula already described N = S × h × 12 × 1.3 - with indicators of kitchen area, ceiling height and other factors - the calculations are suitable for kitchens with by the door
The multiplier "12" can be increased to 20 if the stove is gas and with increased power. It is also increased for electrical devices, also according to the performance criterion (up to 15). The minimum value of the coefficient is 10.
The path of the air sleeve is laid so as not to obstruct the built-in ventilation grill. Avoid complex geometries and large remoteness of duct sections.
In apartments, communication to the opening to the street must not be laid without permission. You can read more about the intricacies of choosing hoods in this material.
Installing an exhaust system above a gas stove
First, communications and furniture arrangement are noted on paper - planned or ready-made data. For absolute precision, draw lines on the walls.
Electrical safety must be taken into account. Grounding is indispensable, and if there is no corresponding outlet in the kitchen, then they put residual current device (RCD) 16 amperes.
The device is connected to the power network with three wires: phase, zero and ground. In the dashboard, they find a dead neutral with nuts and wires. From it lead its own wire with a cross section of 2.5 mm². The vein is thrown separately or on top of others, if there is a technical possibility.
It is impossible to disconnect an already fixed wire on your own - it can shock you. The exhaust system is connected through a 6.3 ampere machine.
The ground wires are yellow-green in color, this is the so-called protective zero, and the working zero is denoted by blue wires
The new apartments have Euro-type sockets and a ground loop. The device is connected to the terminal with the inscription GND (Ground) or with three lines of different sizes. On hoods without a grounding socket, the wire is attached to the metal part.
Hoods with auto-shutdown are considered safe models, which stop working after a short circuit or fire.
After the initial measures, they move on to marking the place for the exhaust device, counting the fasteners. The last time they measure the distance from the hood to the stove and compare it with the norm of height above the gas appliances.
The air duct for the hood is made as straight and short as possible, but without breaking the relative straightness in the joints and without angles that differ significantly from the straight one. Transitional parts between sections are used with a slightly rounded shape. Ideally, turns are made up of many short pieces.
The cross-sectional area of the passage is changed only if there are no other options. In total, no more than three bends are made. With a clogged ventilation shaft, the hood will work poorly, and then circulating systems are used and do without an air duct.
Hood installation between cupboards
First, the ventilation sleeve is assembled. Air ducts come in square and round sections, and the typical size is 13 × 13 cm. The diameter is matched to the hole made in the ventilation grill or wall, and is kept unchanged along the entire length.
Preference is given to air ducts made on the basis of plastics or metals, with a smooth interior and check valve.
A ventilation sleeve assembled from short fragments and a long pipe: thus creating rigid structures with smooth rectilinear transitions
Steps for installing the fume hood:
- We drill holes for hardware or screws to secure the hood.
- We screw in the fasteners.
- We check the horizontalness between the screws at the building level.
- We tighten the fasteners to the working position.
- We hang the hood on the screws. We make sure that the mounts can withstand the load. We tighten the screws more tightly, if necessary.
- We connect the exhaust device with ductalready attached to a vent or other terminal.
- We plug the device into an outlet. We check how it works in different power modes.
Devices with a decorative box are installed without a frame. After a successful start-up of the hood, the decorating part is put in place.
Detailed instructions for connecting the hood to ventilation can be found in our other article.
Other mounting options
Hoods are attached not only between cabinets, but also inside. In furniture sets, modules are sometimes made for an exhaust device.
Installation in an unsuitable section includes three stages: preparation of a wall cabinet, its fastening and connection of communications, installation of a working device.
Dedicated section for built-in hood: the unit can be hidden when not in use, but these cabinets almost never have storage space
Preparing the hanging box:
- We unscrew the doors.
- Remove the module from the hinges on the wall. The second person should support the locker so that it does not fall. You can also make a temporary attachment to the adjacent walls of other boxes.
- Dismantle the bottom shelf of the case. We make sure that the equipment and the locker are compatible. We cut the sides, if necessary.
- Determine what the depth of the duct will be in the cabinet. Then, from the upper and inner shelves, we cut out parts according to the outlines of the air channel and the depth of location. We also provide a place for the power cord.
- In the inner shelf we make four holes for fixing the hood - if the configuration of the device provides for such a fastening. In other cases, we mount the rails.
The cabinet is put back and connected to the mains. The hood is built into the allotted space and fastened with self-tapping screws. Then they are connected to the air duct, and the shelves are temporarily removed if necessary.
At the end, the door is returned to its place, but, if possible, it is converted to a lifting one. Gas lifts are added if desired.
An example of calculating the dimensions (mm) for installing a fume hood in the lower part of the cabinet with four self-tapping screws fastened to the inner shelf
It makes sense to equip a cramped kitchen with a hood without a shell, such as a decor or a cabinet for embedding, which gradually lose its attractive appearance. The role of the supporting structure can be assigned to a homemade frame made of metal corners.
The parts are assembled into a rectangular structure and then everything is finally measured and the place for the bearing self-tapping screws is determined, on which the frame will be held. Even before installation, a ground wire is connected to the frame. At the end, it remains to fix the hood in the frame, hang the device, connect it to the finished air duct and run it for testing.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Installation height above the slab, installation features and some interesting points:
An overview of the nuances of the structure and connection of hoods, various errors:
Cleaning the hood grease filter in order to increase the power of the appliance and extend its service life - methods:
In the article, we have provided comprehensive information about the nuances that will have to be taken into account before placing the hood. We indicated the standards for the height of the hood above the gas stove, compared them with the norms for electric ones. The lower installation level starts from 75 cm above the gas burners.
Inclined appliances can be hung up to 55 cm. The height is also determined according to the manufacturer's instructions, the dimensions of the hood, its power, the drawing of the kitchen and furniture. Devices for working on kitchen stoves are flowing and circulating. Type 2 devices clean and return air.
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