An objective assessment of air quality is a rather difficult task. For human olfaction, breathing becomes difficult only when the concentration of carbon dioxide is several times the amount of oxygen. In order for the room to have a regular flow of fresh air most often, such common ventilation methods such as: supply or window valve, as well as banal opening of a window or window leaves.
The supply valve is capable of passing a very moderate amount of air flow. Even with a large temperature difference in the cold season, its throughput is only 5-10 m3 per hour.
Built-in window valves are also not able to provide sufficient fresh air. Thin slots are especially poor at air exchange during the warmer months. In addition, this type of ventilation carries the possibility of penetration of dust and extraneous sounds from the street into the interior space.
The usual ventilation for all is often not effective enough or even harmful. When ventilating a room with an open window, it is always worth remembering that it is most likely not possible to achieve complete air exchange.
It is impossible to calculate how much fresh air enters the room through an open sash, since in many ways it depends on the size of the window opening, the temperature difference between the room and the outside, the direction and speed of the wind, and traction. By the way, not only the ventilation duct, but also the floor, the building structure, and other factors affect the presence of draft.
An open window in the winter season, in addition to airing, also carries a significant cooling of the room. As a rule, people do not open a window in winter longer than 10-15 minutes. The supply air partially connects and dilutes the room air, but it is not able to ventilate the room completely.
GOST, which classifies indoor air ventilation, has a number: 30494-2011. According to the table in it, high indoor air quality assumes a CO2 content of less than 400 ppm per 1m3. Concentration up to 1000 ppm is considered a valid indicator, but already above this norm it is classified as low-quality air.
There is also a note in the GOST that indicates that 400 ppm CO2 is the “allowable” norm.
Most likely, such a controversial wording was deliberately spelled out so that low rates in large cities were not so flashy.
In order for the air in the room to be ventilated in accordance with GOST, apartment owners often purchase special electrical devices that are able to effectively ventilate and purify room air from CO and CO2
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