The type of cable or wire, its cross section and the number of conductive cores should be indicated on the labeling of cable products. A cross section of two and a half square millimeters, for example, should be on the wire, which has the text “3x2.5” in the marking. But the actual values may differ by thirty percent from those indicated in the labeling, as part of the cable products are manufactured using outdated standards. In this case, a certain error is allowed, and usually in a smaller direction.
Alas, the use of a wire having a cross section smaller than necessary can lead to negative consequences. The properties of the metal under excessive load can change, the insulation can melt due to overheating of the wiring. The cross-sectional area of any cable before installation should definitely be checked.
Using a micrometer or vernier caliper, it is easiest to measure the diameter of the cores. This is the most accurate measurement option. The cable or wire should be stripped to increase the accuracy of the data. There should not be excesses in the measured area. They arise when using blunt wire cutters.
If there is no tool, you can also check cable products. To do this, you need a ruler or some kind of tube, for example, a screwdriver. After that, the insulation is removed from the studied wire and wound as tightly as possible onto the tube. Then measure the length of the winding section and divide it by the number of turns. Thus, it is possible to obtain information about the diameter of the wire, and therefore, to determine further the cross section will be easy.
The cross section of the conductor is calculated by multiplying by 3.4 squares of the radius of the circle. It is much easier to get the cross-sectional area of flat veins. For this, the parties will simply need to multiply each other. The result will be more accurate, the more turns will be wound on the tube. Their minimum number is fifteen pieces. Gaps create an error, so they should be avoided. The accuracy of the data can be improved by using several measurements with different beginnings. Of the minuses of this method, we can distinguish its inapplicability to thick conductors, since it will be difficult to wind them.
There are special tables that can be used instead of formulas when determining the cross section of a wire. If the core contains several wires at once, for each of them it will be necessary to consider the section separately, and then add the received data. All wires must be cleaned of insulation before measurements carefully, since it will create an error. It is advisable to choose wires or cable with a power reserve in order to eliminate the negative impact of a small error.
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