Neglecting the installation of ventilation systems in swimming pools invariably leads to increased humidity, the appearance of fungus and the creation of an unfavorable microclimate in the room. The accumulation of condensate damages the finish and destroys the structural elements of the building.
Agree, the prospect of premature overhaul will not please anyone. To prevent the negative impact of high humidity will help the well-designed ventilation of the pool - the system provides air exchange within the limits of sanitary and hygienic norms.
The question of the organization of ventilation must be solved at the design stage of the room. In the article we reviewed typical arrangements for the arrangement of the ventilation system of closed-type basins, described effective methods of moisture control, led recommendations for the development of the project and the choice of climate equipment.
The content of the article:
- Features of air exchange pools
- Private house pool design
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Ways to control humidity
- Method # 1 - Using Air Dryers
- Method # 2 - the organization of full ventilation
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Methods for organizing pool ventilation
- Supply and exhaust ventilation
- Combination of air handling unit and dryer
- Symbiosis of ventilation, dehumidifier and conditioning systems
- Installation of climate systems
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Features of air exchange pools
During the construction of public and private swimming pools, sometimes they do not pay enough attention to ventilating halls, considering them to be non-residential premises.
However, it is there that, without proper arrangement, harmful fauna and flora are born, which pose a real threat to practically unprotected organisms of swimmers and swimmers.
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Ventilation in the pool - a measure necessary for the drainage and supply of fresh portions of air
Ventilation systems that remove excess moisture from the swimming pool with bathroom, at the same time remove odors
Depending on the area of the bath and the frequency of visits to the pool, ventilating equipment is selected. This can be compact monoblocks or massive installations with climate functions.
Stationary ventilation systems are equipped with devices for the supply of fresh air from the street, which must be heated by a heating system
Most often, the preparation of fresh air supplied for the replacement of a remote exhaust air mass is heated by water or steam heating.
The withdrawal of the exhaust air flow and dehumidification of the air in the pool is impossible without the use of supply and exhaust mechanical system. The installation can work either for exhaust or inflow
The movement of air masses in ventilation circuits is driven by a fan. It, along with filtration and heating systems, is located in the basement either in the attic or in the utility room next to the pool.
If the ventilation unit is equipped with only one fan, the system operates exclusively on the supply. Exhaust air is expelled by fresh mass.
Fight against high humidity
Side effect
Monoblock types of equipment
Design nuances
Air preparation before feeding
Ventilation option
System equipment location
Single fan installation
Proper organization of the ventilation of the pool and air exchange cardinally solves a number of operational problems encountered in such structures. The purpose of the air exchange devices of the pools of the closed type is to maintain the humidity within the limits of the permissible established norms.
Specialized equipment removes excess moisture and contributes to the flow of fresh air, while creating good conditions for visitors. The task is complicated by the need to organize a microclimate that is comfortable for being naked in the pool.
The swimming pool constantly evaporates a large amount of water, increasing humidity and decreasing comfort.
Ventilation of the pool premises has two main functions:
- maintaining optimal moisture readings;
- ensuring air exchange according to sanitary and hygienic standards.
The open surface of the water and the wet walkways evaporate the water vapor, significantly increasing the humidity. In a room with high humidity, a person is not comfortable, he feels excessive closeness and tiresome weight.
Polluted air from a pool of microfluids of chlorine from water and carbon dioxide gas exhaled by visitors also has a negative impact.
Ventilation of the pools ensures the inflow of clean air, removal of harmful microorganisms and stabilization of humidity within the standard parameters
Private house pool design
In modern housing construction, the construction of indoor swimming pools has recently become very popular. The pool in a cottage or a private house is arranged according to the project prepared individually.
Most often for it the room on the first floor is taken away. Preference is given to options with a surface area of 18-50 m2 and a depth of approximately 1.2 to 2.0 m. Along the perimeter of the tank, paths and resting places are arranged. The main requirement for private pool projects is the safety and comfort of people.
The scheme of air exchange in the pool of a private house is carried out according to the project, which takes into account the bath area, type and power of the heating system (+)
Such pools are often calculated for 2-5 people. By the way of using the private pool can be permanent or seasonal. If the pool pool is not used, it is curtained with a special design.
For a private swimming pool, compliance with the following operating parameters is recommended:
- water temperature + 26-29 ° C;
- air temperature regime + 27-32 ° C;
- the value of the relative humidity in the summer period is 65%;
- value of relative humidity in the winter period 50%;
- air mobility of about 0.2 m / s.
To prevent air stagnation in the pool hall, the exhaust unit power should exceed the capacity of the inlet plants by half of the multiple exchange.
In order for the ventilation system to fulfill its purpose, it is constructed, taking into account the dimensions of the room, the area, the expected temperature, the number of people and the rate of evaporation of moisture.
The project of the pool of the closed type necessarily includes the ventilation system, since Fresh air can only be supplied and supported by comfortable environmental parameters.
The design of a private pool is carried out in accordance with the standards developed by the SNiP 2.08.02–89 JV “Designing pools”.
The sequence of ventilation design is carried out in this order:
- Calculation moisture input and heat loss.
- The choice of the scheme of ventilation and drainage.
- Calculation of the expected air exchange.
- Selection of equipment and tracing ducts.
- Aerodynamic and hydraulic calculations.
- Design drawings.
- Preparation of specifications for equipment and materials.
Considering the listed parameters, equipment selection of the necessary power is carried out. In case of improper organization of the ventilation system, condensate will form on all horizontal and vertical structures of the pool free of water.
The resultant formation of condensate will cause rotting of wooden elements, metal corrosion and the formation of mold on the surface and in the seams between the cladding elements.
Preparation of the project ensures accurate and consistent installation and provides information for the proper operation of the pool. In the case of errors during the installation of ventilation there is always the opportunity to make the correct recalculation and installation of the system.
The ventilation system is supplemented with channel driers that produce a fresh portion of air outside the pool. Excess air mass is removed by exhaust devices (+)
Ways to control humidity
The method of regulation and control of humidity indicators is the drainage of the total volume of the indoor air pool. by means of a ventilation system, the installation of an air dryer or a combination of these two systems.
Method # 1 - Using Air Dryers
The problem of high humidity in the pool is partially solved by special air dryers. The choice of this equipment is carried out according to the volume of the room. Drainage devices for 1 hour of work allow three times the volume of the humid air mass in the room.
Determine the optimal relative humidity of the pool in a private house to select the desired characteristics of the dryer
The selection of dehumidifiers is carried out according to the parameters required for this object. The action of dehumidifiers is based on the conduction of water vapor condensation. Some models are equipped with fresh air intake device.
The dehumidifiers as intended are divided into types:
- Household. These compact units remove moisture from small areas, are located on walls, floors or in a hidden way.
- Industrial. These are high-tech systems that process large volumes of air.
According to the method of installation of the device are wall (floor) or duct mounted inside the ducts.
The use of wall-mounted dehumidifiers is not particularly common due to the noise of the unit, the inconsistency of design, significant cost and the need for maintenance. Duct dryers work more silently, do not distort the design, but have a decent cost.
Whether a wall-mounted air dryer is needed in the pool or is it necessary to install a duct option the host chooses
Mostly existing drainage systems Do not serve fresh air into the room and do not remove waste. To solve the problem of high humidity and air exchange of the pool using dehumidification devices is possible only partially.
Fully provide the required level of humidity in the pool, using desiccants in combination with other types of ventilation.
Wall mounted dryers can lower the level of humidity indoors, but they are not able to supply fresh air (+)
Method # 2 - the organization of full ventilation
The most common way to maintain optimal values of humidity and air quality in a swimming pool is forced-air and exhaust ventilation. This system includes a ventilation unit, duct network and distribution devices.
The ventilation unit in turn contains elements such as air filter, fan, heater, heat exchanger and automation system.
In very hot weather, air coolers and autonomous dehumidifiers are added to the system. Application air mass recovery in the ventilation system is economically feasible, as it allows the use of exhaust air for heating the supply air.
Forced induction ventilation system removes unpleasant odors that occur in the pool at high humidity. The installation of a supply and exhaust system is effective when the pool area is small and not intensively used.
Forced-air and exhaust installations for ventilation of the pool are most effective in the winter period (+)
This method of ventilation can not guarantee the desired level of humidity throughout the year. The system is ideal in winter, it replaces the humid air of the pool with dry from the street.
In summer, the humidity of the atmospheric air is high, so its movement by the supply and exhaust ventilation to the pool does not give the desired effect.
Methods for organizing pool ventilation
To prevent the evaporation of water from the water surface of the pool is almost impossible. You can slightly reduce the level of humidity and reduce the cost of ventilation using special impermeable coatings for the water surface.
If during operation to reduce the water temperature and increase the air temperature, then the evaporation of water from the pool will decrease.
Excessive evaporation can also be prevented without disturbing the supply and exhaust air flows. For the most effective air exchange and ventilation of the pools, the most rational and effective is the use of systems and equipment specially produced for the needs of artificial reservoirs.
Supply and exhaust ventilation
Good ventilation in the pool area is provided by specially designed ventilation at the base. air handling units with heat recovery of air. Such a system takes part of the air from the street and mixes it with the part that is available in the room.
After heating, the mixed air flow is supplied to the pool. By mixing to the fresh portion of the warm portion of the air in the pool, energy costs to achieve the required temperature are reduced.
With the help of the supply and exhaust circuit is reduced to the regulatory humidity and eliminates unpleasant diffusion. Thanks to a mix of “street” air, the proportion of suspended particles that adversely affect people's respiratory channels and overall health is reduced.
Supply and exhaust devices never mix counter flows. Inflow grilles are installed at different levels with exhaust suction.
The advantages of the exhaust ventilation system with a heat exchanger is high energy saving
Ventilation systems of this type are very effective in pools with a small water surface area and not very intensive operation. The option is economical, but does not always guarantee a comfortable level of humidity.
The principle of the system is the exchange of moist air from the pool to the drier of the external environment. For greater energy savings, the system is equipped with frequency controls. With their help, reduced system performance, depending on the need for ventilation.
With the help of air-exhaust systems, intensive air exchange is provided throughout the year, although in summer it is less effective due to the increased atmospheric humidity. This method can dry the air in 98% of cases.
The advantage is the presence of optimal parameters, the ability to control performance, a large flow of fresh air and good energy efficiency. The disadvantages include the possibility of a short-term excess of the calculated humidity in the summer period.
Combination of air handling unit and dryer
The use of air dehumidification and the use of forced ventilation devices alone cannot guarantee the proper effect, therefore, in practice they are combined. With a combination of air dryers with minimal ventilation of ventilation systems, you can easily get the optimum humidity in the pool.
Heating, dehumidification and ventilation of the pools in the complex brings the most useful result. However, instead of separate systems assembled into a complex, it is better to install an air conditioning system that alone copes with the listed functions.
Devices of exhaust ventilation are supplemented with wall or cassette dehumidifiers. Wall options are located in the pool area, and channel-type dryers are located in utility rooms. It is advisable to use simultaneously two drainage devices.
In this case, the ventilation is carried out in this order: by means of a supply fan, air fed to a channel drier, mixed with recirculation, then dried and fed to the room. Air removal occurs through the exhaust fan from the upper zone.
Such compulsory type of air exchange with a dehumidifier is most expedient to use in private pools of cottages, in hotels or educational institutions. Channel driers are used with a water mirror over 50 m2.
The advantage of this method is the minimum cost, ease of installation and operation. The disadvantage is the provision of only sanitary and hygienic standards of fresh air, high temperature of the room, as well as increased electricity consumption in the summer.
For the treatment of the pool is not enough to install only the exhaust ventilation. It only partially removes excess moisture. The system is able to show good results in tandem with air dryers (+)
Symbiosis of ventilation, dehumidifier and conditioning systems
The most energy efficient method of reducing humidity in the pool is the installation of universal climate systems, which are a combination of the elements of air dehumidification, ventilation and air conditioning.
In this case, the operation of supply and exhaust ventilation is standard. The system is complemented by cooling sections and stand-alone dryers.
The symbiosis of a dehumidifier and mechanical forced-air ventilation ensures the most optimal ventilation of the pool (+)
The main load falls on the supply and exhaust ventilation. At high humidity and during peak periods, elements of the drainage and air conditioning systems are included in the work. In winter, humidity regulates the air dryer, and the ventilation system provides the necessary air exchange.
Today, consumers are offered high-tech units with the combination of all three functions, that is, ventilation, dehumidification, air conditioning. Such innovative plants are equipped with two-stage heat recovery, built-in heat pump dryers and built-in automation system.
The presence of automation allows you to choose the most optimal mode of air treatment. The advantage of the system is the availability of maximum energy efficiency and a guarantee of compliance with the required parameters of the basin’s moisture all year round. The complex has a high initial cost.
Installation of climate systems
In pools with a surface area of more than 50 m2 used for the purpose of ventilation and ventilation of modern climate systems. These multifunctional units are designed to maintain the microclimate in the specified modes throughout the year.
They are capable of cleaning, drying and heating the air masses of the room. These modular units are supplied ready for installation.
The complex consists of the following elements:
- supply and exhaust fans;
- recuperator;
- dehydrator;
- heater;
- filter;
- air valves;
- Control block.
The package is individual and may vary according to customer preferences. This complex works in different modes.
Its sensors react to changes in air parameters and the unit automatically changes the operation mode to a more suitable one. Such climatic complexes are distinguished by impressive dimensions, so for their installation it is necessary to allocate a special room.
The climate complex is a powerful installation with impressive dimensions and advanced functionality.
Such a powerful climate system is able to maintain the necessary microclimate in rooms with a large area.
The use of this climate complex can replace heating appliances, dehumidifiers, air handling units throughout the room. Complexes of this type are often installed in cottages, private homes, medical and sports pools.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Video about the device of the ventilation of the pool of a country house:
For safe and comfortable use of indoor pools in private homes, first of all you need to maintain the necessary parameters of humidity and air exchange. This is done by dehumidifying the air and organizing a high-quality ventilation system.
The choice of the most optimal method of air exchange is carried out individually in accordance with the technical parameters of the pool room and personal priorities.
Have something to add, or any questions about the organization of the ventilation pool? You can leave comments on the publication, participate in discussions and share your own experience in the arrangement of the ventilation system. The form for communication is in the lower block.
