Arrangement of an autonomous source of water intake at the site requires a careful approach. Particular attention should be paid to sealing the walls of the well. Agree, I would not like, in the process of exploitation of production to get water polluted with earth.
The plastic insert into the well, which is used for arranging a new or restoration of the operated water intake point, helps to prevent such a problem. In the article we examined in detail the pros and cons of such a solution, gave tips on choosing a polymer insert, and also described the procedure for installing it in a well.
The content of the article:
- Purpose of plastic inserts
- Advantages and disadvantages
- The main reasons for clogged wells
- How to choose an insert in the water supply well
- Restoration of the old well: the progress of work
-
Arrangement of a new water intake point
- Pre-planning and markup
- Bottom filter installation
- Equipment check and adjustment
- Maintenance and cleaning of the well
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Purpose of plastic inserts
The main advantage of plastic structures is their practicality. Unlike concrete rings they are easy to transport to the assembly site, which inevitably reduces shipping costs. When installing them do not need special equipment.
Plastic inserts protect from falling into the well collapsing ground, seepage of groundwater and surface water, serve as an insulating barrier and element forming the walls of the well.
Inserts represent the separate segments of a corrugated pipe connecting in a single whole. These are usually pipes made from polyvinyl chloride and other polymers. The diameter of the inserts is 30 - 60 cm. Wall thickness starts at 0.8 cm
The better the plastic, the longer the well is.
Stiffeners perform two important functions in the design:
- Give extra strength to the structure.
- Serve ground hooks, protecting from surfacing.
Additional rigidity is needed to prevent deformation caused by the movement of the soil. Mostly they occur for natural reasons. In this regard, concrete structures are more resistant to mechanical stress.
Performing the function of ground hooks, stiffeners prevent the ascent of the tank. If they were not there, then with an increase in the level of groundwater, the capacity would inevitably rise. Such ascent leads to deformation of the structure.
Image Gallery
A photo of
Polymer corrugated pipes are actively pushing concrete and metal products from the scope of laying underground communications
The use of plastic pipes allows you to quickly carry out the deepening of the aquifer, repair of concrete structures, the arrangement of the caisson, the strengthening of well walls
A range of plastic pipes offered for sale allows you to select products with the required diameter
The corrugated profile of polymer pipes contributes to a better consolidation of the underground structure in the ground. In increasing the strength, they act as ribs
If necessary, the polymer corrugation is easily cut according to the required height above the ground and the depth of the well.
For the arrangement, strengthening of walls and repair of the water intake well, polymer products should be selected that do not emit toxic substances.
In the installation of sewer absorbing, sewer, manholes do not necessarily pay attention to the safety of the material. But it is important to choose a product that is resistant to aggressive environment.
For arranging wells with plastic inserts and structures made of plastic pipes, they produce hatches, modules with nozzles, and bottom details that greatly facilitate the assembly and installation of systems
Sale of plastic corrugated pipe
Insert in the well to increase the depth
Plastic insert large cross section
Stiffening ribs of plastic corrugations
Wellhead trimming required
Use in aquifers
Absorbing sewer well
The plastic hatch for arrangement of a well
Advantages and disadvantages
Plastic is resistant to natural biodegradation and can be in the ground for more than 50 years. At the same time it combines the properties of strength, elasticity and tightness. These characteristics can not boast of concrete products used in the construction of wells.
In addition to resistance to decomposition, the walls of plastic containers are not affected by moss. If we compare plastic with concrete, the latter tends to be destroyed, under the influence of the environment.
When the temperature drops below zero, the water contained in the pores of the concrete begins to crystallize and increase in volume. As a result, the porosity increases and the density of the concrete stone decreases at the same time as the strength.
In the pores of the concrete colonies of bacteria settle and spores of moss linger. Over time, they grow, inevitably leads to the destruction of the walls and the deterioration of the quality of drinking water
The disadvantages of the design include possible damage to plastic by tree roots. Not recommended build well or a well with a plastic shaft near them.
Another disadvantage is that with prolonged exposure to sunlight the material becomes brittle. This leads to breakage of the manhole cover, if it is made of plastic. In addition to sunlight, the polymer is not frost-resistant, it is easily damaged during severe frosts.
It is not recommended to use plastic covers for wells if the temperature in winter drops below -25 ° C.
The advantages of plastic inserts include their reliability. Since, with proper warming, the temperature around the trunk within the seasonal freezing zone does not drop to zero, the risk of plastic damage in tubular and mine wells is minimal. Sealing failure may occur if the plastic insert is not properly attached.
During the restoration and repairing an old well of concrete rings sometimes use the following method of attachment:
- Lower insert in the well.
- Fix it with anchors with rubber or silicone gaskets.
- The remaining space between the rings and the insert is covered with gravel, fine gravel or sand.
This installation leads to the need to replace gaskets, which eventually become unusable. With this method of installation, damaged rubber parts are difficult. The result is a gap between the anchor and the insert. Through these gaps, the surface waters enter the well, leading to a deterioration in the quality of drinking water.
This is dangerous if there is a drain hole or a septic tank made of concrete rings not far from the well. Since the quality of wastewater treatment in the absence of additional equipment is low, a significant part of the pathogenic microflora enters the groundwater, from where it moves, infecting drinking water sources (+)
Through holes formed by improper installation, bacteria can enter the well. A sure sign of depressurization is dark wet or dried smudges, going down from the anchors. When they are detected, it is necessary to immediately treat the leak with sealant. This procedure will have to be repeated as necessary.
The main reasons for clogged wells
If the sealing of the barrel is not broken, the causes of clogging or deterioration of water quality from the intake structure can be:
- Rare source use.
- Contact with external contamination.
- Wrong place.
The problem with water stagnation at the water intake points arises, as a rule, in summer cottages. In houses where residents live year-round, there is a continuous renewal of water. This problem is easy to solve if empty and then sanitize well.
The lid perfectly protects against dust and soot floating in the atmosphere. In regions with a cold climate, it is recommended to make two covers. One is designed for installation outside, the other in the insert itself, but one meter lower. This design completely solves the problem with large debris.
A serious mistake is the device of the source of water supply in the iron-rich soils close to the surface. With this problem the water is cloudy and gets a noticeable rusty tint.
Solve the problem by installing a multi-level filtering system. In addition, the concentration of iron in water can be increased. This makes it unsuitable for drinking without pre-cleaning.
How to choose an insert in the water supply well
When planning to purchase a plastic “sleeve”, it is necessary to evaluate two main selection criteria: the diameter of the insert and the thickness of the polymer.
Insert diameter. If there is already a well well, then the insert should be of such a diameter that the distance to the edges of the pit is sufficient to fill with fine rubble, sand, or to fill with mortar.
The distance from the edge of the pit to the corrugated insert should not be less than 20 cm. This determines the diameter of the insert.
Plastic thickness. The thicker it is, the stronger the construction, but this affects the cost per running meter. You should not save money by purchasing an option that is too cheap, since if the walls are damaged, you will have to dismantle the entire structure.
In the market you can find models that are equipped with special ladders. Their presence facilitates movement within the mine, but is also an additional weak point.
When using the elements of the stairs can damage the plastic walls, but if the water supply source has a great depth (4-5 m or more), then you can not do without them. If the aquifer is located in bedrock, then a permit will be required for the structure of the water intake structure.
Restoration of the old well: the progress of work
Plastic inserts can be installed directly into the well, or into an already existing concrete well. Both installation options will be considered. First, the process of restoration of an existing well.
This requires a minimum amount of time, since the bulk of the work has already been done. Drilling a tubular well from scratch requires a lot of effort. It is important to choose the right place. The service life of the well depends on this.
Before starting work, it is necessary to pump out water and clean the walls of the old well. This can be done with an ordinary spatula, going down to the bottom of the mine. This should be done if the distance between the insert and the concrete rings will be poured with concrete.
Filling with a solution completely solves the problem with the strength of the structure, but makes it immobile. With this method, insert reuse is not possible.
Fixation with rubble or sand makes it easy to dismantle, which makes it easy to fill the old well. At the same time on the site there are no concrete structures. Everything is dismantled and has the ability to transfer.
If the well is not overgrown with moss, then it is not necessary to clean its walls. After cleaning the walls, you must completely remove the old drainage. As a rule, crushed stone of different fraction is used for filtration.
After removing the rubble, you can proceed to the installation of the insert. First you need to properly assemble it. The individual segments are interconnected by sealing rubber parts. The method of connection is similar to the assembly of sewer pipes, but on a larger scale.
Also the pipes are screwed along the thread. The assembly of the insert segments must be carried out on the surface. After the construction is assembled, it is lowered into the well.
Depending on the length of the structure, it can be installed manually or with the assistance of technology. It should be lowered carefully. It is necessary to ensure that there is no sharp impact on the bottom of the excavation, as with a point mechanical impact plastic may crack. At the next stage, the insert is fixed in the well.
If distance permits, the space between the walls of the well and the assembled structure is filled with rubble. For this, in addition to small fractions of rubble, it will also require a large amount in order to ensure optimal adhesion.
If the diameter of the well is slightly larger than the insert, the distance is filled with a solution with a cement or plaster base. For the kneading of the binder composition, a sand-gravel mixture, a direct binder and water will be required. For the solution, it is necessary to mix three parts of the mixing and one cement.
Water is added gradually, its amount is directly dependent on the moisture content of the mix. The finished solution is poured between the insert and the well along a special gutter, which is a sheet of bent tin. After pouring, it is necessary to leave the well for 2 - 3 weeks until the solution is completely solid.
Arrangement of a new water intake point
Consider the step-by-step technology of creating a well using a plastic “sleeve”. All work is divided into three stages.
Pre-planning and markup
If the site does not have a source of water, it is better to give preference well drilling. Professional drillers will build production in one / two days. These services can be ordered from specialized companies or firms engaged in drilling wells in the private sector.
Even when using a mobile drilling rig, the drilling of water intake will take no more than a couple of days. Manually it is better to dig a well. For the construction of a private water source in suburban areas requires permission only in the case of the installation of an artesian well
Before starting work, it is worth asking the neighbors who have their own well or well. The information obtained from them will help determine the approximate depth of production, the mark of the water mirror and the presence of water supply, if it occurred during the construction of neighboring sources.
In addition to this requirement, you must select a suitable place on the site. The source of drinking water should not be located near the septic system or outbuildings for maintenance of the subsidiary farm. The minimum distance of the indicated objects is 25 m.
Avoid trees near the well. Their powerful roots can damage the insert. The same rule applies to the device septic tank. If there are trees at the well site, it is necessary to cut them
After marking and drilling, the assembly of the insert segments into a single unit takes place. This process is simple. Everyone can handle it. The process of assembling the segments has already been described. Unlike the previous method, concrete rings are not used here. The plastic insert is placed in a hole and sprinkled with rubble. Next comes the filter device.
Bottom filter installation
The bottom filter consists of several layers. If the bottom of the mine is buried in fine or silty sand, then the first one is a wooden grid or perforated shield from the board.
It fits on the bottom. On top of it is placed a piece of geotextile, carved along the diameter of the excavation. It will perform a fine cleaning function instead of sand. The material is easy to handle, but requires replacement as it becomes clogged.
On top of the geotextiles rubble is placed in the following order:
- A layer of crushed stone of small fraction 15 - 20 cm.
- A layer of crushed stone of a large fraction of 10 - 15 cm.
This avoids the ingress of fine sand mist and gravel in the produced water. Especially important is the bottom filter device if a pump is installed in the well, since the listed pollution can disable the unit.
Crushed poured into the bottom of the well buckets. It is necessary to control the uniformity of distribution. bottom filter - it affects the quality of the water.
Equipment check and adjustment
The first start-up must be made only after making sure that the equipment is properly connected. Use water for drinking immediately after installation can not. It is necessary to remove the dirty liquid accumulated in the well with a pump, and with it remove the sediment that fell into the mine when installing the tab.
To remove the water, the pump hose should be lowered to the bottom of the well and the water should be pumped into the tank at the private plot. In the future, it can be used for watering.
If there is no storage tank, you can drain the water directly into the ground, but at a considerable distance from the well. Only after these actions can you connect the pump to the home water system.
Maintenance and cleaning of the well
No matter what material the well is made of, it needs cleaning and system care. It is necessary to do a periodic inspection, as debris may enter the mine. This can lead to clogging and rotting of water in the water intake point. In such cases, the mine is cleaned and reusable pumping water.
Another cleaning method is to replace the bottom filter at the bottom of the well. If this element becomes clogged, the water becomes turbid and musty. To prevent such situations, it is necessary to change gravel and geotextiles at the bottom of the well.
The popular method of cleaning is adding a small amount of potassium permanganate to the well. It kills microorganisms that live on the surface of stones. After such a disinfection, the water from the building must be pumped out several times. If you do not clean the well and neglect disinfection, then over time the water will become unusable.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
The video demonstrates the process of installing a plastic insert with the subsequent preparation of the water intake facility for operation:
How to make a bottom filter for cleaning well water:
In some areas, its own water intake is the only way to get drinking and industrial water. The use of plastic inserts can extend the service life of the structure, and therefore save on re-drilling or digging a new one.
When properly installed, the insert can be reused if the well becomes unusable. This is a useful acquisition that reduces the cost of well equipment.
There is something to add, or have any questions about the use of polymer inserts for the well - you can leave comments on the publication. The form for communication is in the lower block.
