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Urea( urea) - widely used among gardeners and ogresarrester high-performance, versatile, granular nitrogen fertilizer. With proper and metered, for a particular culture, the use of urea as fertilizer, the plants respond with good growth and development, as well as abundant fruiting. In addition to universality, there are two other important factors, because of which urea is very popular among farmers - urea, an inexpensive and very affordable fertilizer.
Appearance, chemical characteristics and physical properties of urea.
- Appearance - round, very light( to white) or transparent granules. Granulation of urea in production, to a high degree, prevents the fertilizer from caking during storage and transportation.
- Chemical characterization -( NH2) 2CO, where almost half( 46%), of the total, is nitrogen.
- Physical properties - fertilizer urea, dissolves in many polar solvents, including ordinary water, which allows its use both in pure form( granules) and in the form of an aqueous solution of the required concentration.
Signs of nitrogen deficiency in horticultural and garden crops
- Unnaturally slow, depressed plant growth.
- Thin, weak and short shoots in shrubs and trees.
- Leaves: narrow and small, light green( pale) or with pronounced yellowness. Plants suffering from nitrogen deficiency are predisposed to early leaf fall.
- Flower buds: weak and underdeveloped, their formation occurs in much smaller quantities than it should be. And as a result, plants have poor fruiting.
Instructions for use of ureaThe process releases ammonium carbonate, which quickly decomposes in the open air, as a result of which the surface use of urea is of course possible, but ineffective. The best and best results are obtained by applying this fertilizer not only on protected ground, for example, in greenhouses or greenhouses, but also in conventional garden and garden farms. The only condition for the maximum efficiency of urea is its immediate incorporation into the soil, which is due to the fact that the loss of ammonium carbonate( ammonia gas) is minimized, which significantly increases the penetration of nutrients, in particular nitrogen, into plants.
Regardless of where and by whom urea is made, all manufacturers are unanimous in their recommendations and indicate in the instructions for use of urea that it can be used on any soil as a primary fertilizer or as a top dressing for fruit and / or garden crops.
Despite this versatility, it should be noted that different crops need different amounts of fertilizers, in connection with which agricultural technicians recommend making nutritional supplements in certain doses, depending on the actual needs of the plants.
Important! Urea substantially acidifies the soil - this is a fact. If the soil is so acidic, then limestone( chalk) is used to neutralize these processes. It is made together with nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 0.5 kg of urea, 0.4 kg of limestone.
Application of urea as a fertilizer in the garden and in the garden
Growing season
- Cabbage, beets, onions, peppers, tomatoes, garlic and potatoes - 19–23 g / m².
- When using urea for cucumbers or peas, about 6–9 g / m² is applied.
- Squash, eggplant and zucchini - 10–12 g / m².Top dressing is made 2 times for the entire period of growth, the first during the planting of seedlings, and the second - at the beginning of the formation of fruits.
- Strawberries and garden strawberries - fertilizer in unchanged form is applied to the soil of the plot prepared for planting berries. During the formation of buds and the ovary of berries, apply spraying, 10 gr.on 2 l of water. To increase the yield at the beginning of September or at the end of August, plants are fed with a concentrated solution - 60 gon 20 l of water.
- Cereals - 300 gr.per hundred in granular form.
- Foliar feeding of vegetable crops, as well as protection from diseases and pests( spraying plants) - 9-15 g. For every 10 liters.water.
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In order to fertilize the land for berry and vegetable crops in the pre-sowing period, it is enough to add urea granules( not dissolving) at the rate of 5–11 g / m².As a rule, 60% of the total required amount of urea is applied in the fall, before digging, while the rest of the fertilizer is added in the spring.
How to dilute urea for fertilizing fruit trees and berry bushes
Important! An overabundance of nitrogen fertilizers in the soil is also not good for plants, they can begin to grow intensively with the formation of abundant green mass to the detriment of fruit bearing. It is possible the formation of underdeveloped ovaries and / or fruits.
If everything is clear with the use of granules - I measured the necessary weight and everything can be brought into the soil, then how to dilute urea and make a solution of the necessary concentration out of it can put a lot of people, especially beginners, in a dead end. And this question is particularly relevant for gardeners. This is due to the fact that trees and shrubs are fertilized, mainly with urea diluted in water and extremely rarely granulated urea - just before planting the seedling, it is laid directly in the prepared pit.
Read also: Humic fertilizers: is there any harm to humans? In order for the trees and shrubs to develop well and abundantly bear fruit from urea, as already mentioned, they prepare a concentrated solution that is applied directly to the area of the roots( the trunk circle) and the near-stem stripes. If for some reason it is not possible to prepare a solution, then it is possible to add granules, although this is not the best option, but it is obligatory, the subsequent abundant watering. It is also important to observe the proportions of the urea dilution.
- Apple tree - under each adult tree about 200 g of urea( granules) or solution - the specified amount of urea is diluted in 10 liters of water.
- Plum, black chokeberry, shadberry and cherry - 120 g / 10 l.
Tip! Do not despair if you do not know how to apply urea in the country and how to measure it properly when there are no weights on hand.
In this case, you can use the available tools:
- 1 tbsp.lholds 10 gr.carbamide;
- in an ordinary matchbox( without a slide) fits 13 grams.urea;
- 200g glass - about 130 grams.this fertilizer.
Properties and Urea Use - Video
Despite this versatility, it should be noted that different crops need different amounts of fertilizers, in connection with which agricultural technicians recommend making nutritional supplements in certain doses, depending on the actual needs of the plants.
