Decorative plaster: types, application, painting

Content

1. advantages of decorative plaster
2. Classification of decorative plasters
3. Surface preparation
4. Tools required for applying
5. Application of rough cast
6. painting plaster
7. Finally

has long been a thing of the story are the days when you were wallpaper peak of popularity, with those wallpapers thatmanaged to get it, and decorated the room for the next dozens of years. Today the building materials market is full of different types of wall finishes, among them are decorative plaster.

What are the main advantages of this material, which decorative plaster is better to choose and how to apply?

Advantages of decorative plaster

The first and most important advantage is the uniqueness of the .After all, even if the same person applies the coating in two identical rooms with the same tool, you still end up with a different pattern, so this type of finish is a great chance to make your room unique. In addition, with the help of decorative plaster you can achieve imitation of marbled, metal, granite, silk, etc.

It fits any type of interior, , although many people believe that it fits best into the classic interior. With proper selection of colors and textures, it will be an excellent complement to the interior in the style of hi-tech, modern, minimalism.

It is easy to apply decorative plaster - it is rather a pleasant creative process, however, you will have to try to prepare the surface, because the cleaner and smoother it is, the better the result will be.

This plaster is capable of hiding some of the shortcomings of the walls of the , small cracks and irregularities, especially if it consists of cellulose fibers. In addition, it is able to add warmth to the room, as well-chosen plaster with good primer are good thermal insulators.

Environmental friendliness and safety is another advantage. So, decorative plaster is made from natural materials, and the finished coating does not absorb odors, does not emit harmful substances, and therefore is not capable of causing any inconvenience or harm to health.

Such a coating will not cause any troubles even in operation: it is durable, resistant to temperature fluctuations, and requires almost no maintenance. Moreover, as a result of deposition on the surface, there are no seams, seams or other defects.

Of course, one cannot pay attention to such a direct drawback as the high cost of the material. But if you consider that such coverage will last long enough, will be unique, easy to maintain and to repair, then its cost is quite justified.

Classification of decorative plasters

The whole variety of different types of surface obtained with decorative plaster is due to the fact that the compositions can be different: some have elements that can give a certain relief, while others need a special approach and ability to createdesired surface.

What is decorative plaster from? In most cases, the composition includes a water base, binders, additives and fillers, such as thickeners, antiseptics, etc. Fillers may be completely different, but in addition to the filler, plaster may differ in the basic composition. And it is precisely this characteristic that makes this or that material applicable in specific conditions.

So, among the interior decorative plasters distinguish the following main types:

1. mineral plaster is made on the basis of cement and is sold in a dry form, therefore, immediately prior to use, it must be mixed with water and turned into a homogeneous mass using a construction mixer at low speed. This type of finish is great for mineral bases, but the use of a quartz primer is necessary, it has good indicators of strength, durability and vapor permeability. But, as you can guess, mineral plaster is not subject to staining in bulk, so be prepared for the fact that after applying it is necessary to paint it additionally. Another advantage of this type of plaster - low price, although there are more expensive options, which in the composition have glitter, marble chips and other elements that are designed to improve the aesthetics of the finished coating.
2. Acrylic plaster is a synthetic material that includes acrylic resin. It gives the material properties such as plasticity, the ability to repel water, excellent adhesion to the mineral base. But the material is capable of burning, so, for example, it is better not to use it near the mineral wool insulation. But working with it is easy: it is easy to apply, it is easy to shape the texture either with a filler or with a roller and spatula. True, such a finish requires high-quality base preparation and primer, as discussed later. Acrylic plaster is sold ready-made, i.e.it is not necessary to dilute the dry mixture, but pay attention to the expiration date: if the date is close to the final date of use, then even at a reduced price it is better not to take such material, since it will be difficult to work with it.
3. silicone plaster is considered the most modern and versatile: high elasticity, durability, adhesion to any type of base, vapor permeability and aesthetic effect favor the use of this type of finish. This plaster is very easy to clean and even self-cleaning, which is why it is often used for decorating facades. It is sold in a ready-made form, and with a certain color, and the color gamut is quite rich, which allows you to choose the most acceptable option, eliminates the need for further coloring, creates excellent color transitions, and even a novice in the construction industry can work with such material. As you might have guessed, all this durability and high aesthetics are worth a lot of money, and you will need a special primer - silicone, but the result will definitely please you, and it will please you for a very long time.
4. But silicate plaster , which is made on the basis of potash glass, is rarely used for interior wall decoration, which is the point. Most often silicate plaster is used for facade work, as it can release harmful substances during operation. Moreover, it is not very easy to apply it: it quickly seizes, so you need a certain skill to distribute it and create a pattern.

In addition, all decorative plasters differ in the type of finished surface: bark beetle, with marble chips, with imitation of granite, rain, under a roller, under rust, venetian, etc. To impart texture, you can also use graters, a spatula, fabrics and other materials - all this in order to move away from typical factory solutions with a filler, but on the technique of creating a relief a little later.

In order to better understand what will be discussed below, it is worth citing the classification of decorative plasters by type of filler:

• textured plaster - the most popular and relatively inexpensive type of plaster, here as a filler act wood fibers, small pebbles, mica, etc. Thanks to this inclusion, the surface becomes truly three-dimensional, which is beyond the power of any wallpaper or paint. To enhance the effect, various rollers and stamps are often additionally used;
• structural plaster uses fine grains of quartz, grains of other minerals as fillers, and as a result, the finished surface is homogeneous in contrast to the previous type. Often it is with this type of plaster that they prepare a well-known bark beetle, which resembles the surface of tree bark. If the size of the filler is slightly larger than the standard, then you can get a good mosaic effect on the walls;
• Venetian plaster is made on the basis of marble chips, it is very homogeneous and as a result we get a smooth shiny marble coating;
• flock coating is a more modern development, the result of which is quite an interesting appearance. Such a coating is applied in several layers: adhesive base, flocks themselves, i.e.colored insoluble particles, and lacquer coating.

Surface Preparation

Like any other coating, decorative plaster requires some surface preparation. Naturally, the very first step would be to remove the old coating completely: the wallpaper must be carefully removed, you can use a spatula, slightly moisten them with water. All paint residues are also removed: a spatula, a building dryer or even special solvents will also come to the rescue.

When the surface is completely cleaned, it is necessary to wash it off from all traces of work: use a cloth and detergent. If there are obvious defects and large cracks on the surface, then, naturally, it is better to level them. Small irregularities level, depending on the situation: for example, Venetian plaster and some other types require a perfectly flat surface, so putty is useful.

But the primer is needed in any case - it repairs microcracks, prevents absorption, improves adhesion. For each type of decorative plaster will suit your type of primer, and manufacturers often indicate the recommended composition. If the surface of the wall has metal surfaces, it is better to treat them with a protective compound, otherwise there is a high probability that they will rust, and brown spots will show through the plaster.

If the walls never got off, i.e.the building is completely new, then it will be enough to cover the surface with lime mortar, although many professionals still advise the use of appropriate primers.

Required tools for applying

In order to apply decorative plaster, you may need a different set of tools, but the minimum required is as follows:

• spatulas;
• graters;
• metal trowel;
• capacity for the plaster itself;
• rollers or stamps for textured plaster;
• will also need paint if the plaster is not painted in bulk;
• water-based varnish for fixing a layer of paint and primer under the paint.

Putting decorative plaster

So, applying decorative plaster begins with the fact that you need to prepare the material itself. If the plaster was sold in ready-made form, then you just have to make sure that the expiration dates and storage conditions were not violated, open the mix again and start working - such compounds usually harden longer, so hurry as with the plasters that need to be preparedyourself, not worth it.

If you chose the dry option, then the package should contain instructions for preparing the mixture with the exact indication of the proportions. Such material quickly sets, so it must be prepared to the extent that you can use at one time, otherwise it risks freezing in the working capacity, and you will have to work quickly.

The prepared solution is applied to the wall with a spatula in an even layer, and when it grapples a little, they begin to create a relief: graters, stamps, rollers, brushes, own hands and even plastic bags, leaves and feathers can come to the aidcan be used to create unique patterns. They work a little differently, but the tools for creating relief are applied, they are carried out on the surface, they draw some kind of patterns, etc. The thickness of the layer will depend on which pattern you want to create, and what effect you want to get.

Most often, when self-applied plaster, they create patterns in the form of rain, horizontal or vertical stripes, circles and other similar simple patterns. Usually they start from the corners at which they train - they are not so noticeable, if suddenly your technique is not perfect from the very beginning. It is necessary to work at a pace, and special attention should be paid to the joints, so that there are no surges, and so that they are completely invisible.

When the plastered surface loses its wet luster, and this happens after about 15-20 minutes, you need to walk along the surface with a wet ironing and smooth the relief a little. The ironer needs to be washed in water as often as possible so that stucco particles do not accumulate.

When the layer dries completely - after about 24 hours - you need to walk on the surface with a fine sandpaper to smooth out possible irregularities.

Separately, Venetian plaster stands out: it requires a very responsible approach, so it is not always possible to cope on your own. Here you need a perfectly flat and smooth surface, smooth tools, attention to the application and tamping of all layers of plaster, the correct application of the pattern and skillful polishing to get a glossy or matte surface as a result.

By the way, if you have a disposition to create drawings, then you can try in the center of the wall, for example, create a small bas-relief depicting some simple object, landscape, and maybe even people or animals - it will look very stylish and harmonious, especially if you emphasize all this with paint.

Painting of decorative plaster

If you used mineral plaster, then after drying it must be painted in the desired shade. Before painting, a layer of plaster is recommended to be primed so that the coating lasts longer.

It is possible to paint in any chosen color, it is better to select a waterproof paint that is resistant to mechanical damage and sunlight. Staining is carried out with a roller with a long nap, but often monochromatic coloring does not give the desired effect, therefore, after the wall is painted, the prominent relief parts shade. Tint them, as a rule, in a richer or even contrasting shade. There is also the application of a second layer of paint using a wash method - this is a more complicated option, since here a paint of a darker shade is applied to the surface, and then not letting it dry, wipe the surface, removing the paint layer, while it remains only in the grooves. For washing it is better to use a non-moisture-resistant paint - it will even save.

If the surface of the plaster was additionally painted, then this layer should be fixed with water-based varnish. It is better to pre-dilute it with water in a 1: 1 ratio, so that it penetrates better into the structure of the plaster. Lacquer is applied with a brush in 2-3 layers: carefully with drips, it is necessary to squeeze the brush well, and after one layer has dried, the next one can be applied. By the way, the varnish does not dry for long, so do not have to wait.

At the end of

Let Venetian plaster remain the prerogative of professionals, but it is also quite possible on its own to apply decorative plaster of any other type. There is absolutely nothing complicated in this: you only need to skillfully prepare the base, and boldly apply the solution itself, forming a pattern - and everything, the unique and eco-friendly coating is ready.