Features of strawberry breedingAbundant harvest of juicy, fragrant berries, rich in vitamins and trace elements, is the result of hard work, caring attitude to plants and proper care. Over the years, each experienced summer resident has his own secrets and wisdom that help grow the largest and sweetest strawberries, but novice gardeners have many questions, for example, how to propagate strawberries, in wanting to achieve quick success, so that spent efforts bring good results from the first summer cottageof the season. Strawberry Breeding Methods
Garden Strawberry is a perennial berry crop that grows in a garden in an open field. Summer cottages gardeners achieve, engaged in the cultivation of strawberry varieties in greenhouses. On the garden where the berry grows, it seems that small bushes grow, without a stem, although its presence is still there, albeit small, only a few centimeters. It grows very slowly and adds a maximum of 1 cm per year, and from axillary buds formnew sprouts.
The branching of the stem is called the shoot, which contains:
- socket;
- leaves;
- mustache.
The number of outlets depends on how old the plant is and under what conditions it is grown. With greater intensity, they grow in the second half of summer, after the end of fruiting. Adventitious roots that appear at the shoots-rosettes, you need to spud for rooting. It was in this way that nature itself took care of strawberry reproduction. Summer resident only needs to know some secrets in order for the plants to become strong and the berry yields rich harvests.
Depending on the variety, cultivation features, soil, other nuances, experienced gardeners choose how to propagate strawberries.
Among the methods of breeding strawberries are distinguished:
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Most varieties easily breed with whiskers, and for wild-growing varieties, which include varieties of large-fruited crops, the seed method or division of the shrub is used. It is in this way that the remonthant strawberry also multiplies.
Features breeding strawberry mustache
This method is the easiest to breed strawberry bushes. During the fruiting marked the most berry plants. After gathering the berries, when the whiskers begin to actively grow, the soil is weeded, watered and loosened. The mustache on which the sockets were formed is straightened, the sockets themselves are slightly pressed into the garden bed and sprinkled with earth, leaving the hearts free. This allows a new bush to take root. So come with a few rosettes closest to the parent plant, and the rest are cut. In late summer or early September, new bushes with a developed root system are planted in a permanent place. All these manipulations allow you to choose the most productive bushes, sockets which quickly and easily form their own root system.
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The second way of breeding strawberries with a mustache is to remove the whiskers with rosettes after the fruiting period, which are planted on special beds where they grow. At the same time, on rosettes with roots, up to 4 leaves are set aside, and on unrooted shoots - 2 each, long roots are shortened to 5 cm. Young shoots are planted at a distance of 15 cm from each other. For such beds, especially careful care is necessary:
- daily watering;
- weeding and loosening the soil;
- cover from the sun in the heat.
Permanent bed landing occurs at the end of the summer.
Strawberry reproduction by
seeds When buying strawberry seedlings, each gardener expects to receive the declared variety and the corresponding crop. However, from experience, many lovers know that expectations are deceived. To avoid this, gardeners buy seeds and carry out strawberry seed reproduction. To do this, they are sown in early March in special boxes for a compacted and well-watered special mixture of soil, which consists of peat, sand and sod. A box covered with plastic wrap is left for a few days in a cold, dark place, for example, in refrigerators, and then moved to a bright place where there are no drafts. With proper care, shoots appear after a month. Seedlings with 2-3 leaves dive into peat pots, with an increase in the number of leaves to 6 pieces, in early May, it is planted in open ground.
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Reproduction of remontant strawberries.
Remontant strawberries differ from ordinary varieties by the ability to produce several harvests per season. Immediately after the first fruiting, it lays the buds, in which there is an ovary of new berries. Therefore, the plant requires a particularly fertile soil and frequent watering. It does not give antennae, reproduction of strawberry breeding occurs by seed or dividing bushes.
In order to propagate strawberries with a bush, in the beginning of spring or after collecting the first berry, the most fruitful, strong and well-developed bushes should be dug out of the garden bed, carefully removed the roots from the ground and carefully separated with a knife. At the same time on each separated shoot must be:
- 3-4 leaflets;
- intact heart( horn);
- young roots.
Old brown roots cut and leave new roots, white, not more than 5 cm long. Delenki are planted on a permanent bed.
Strawberry is a perennial plant, but after 4 years of fruiting, its yield decreases, since the demanding berries deplete the soil and it lacks nutrients. Therefore, the best option is the annual breeding of new beds, and the elimination of the one where the plant has been bearing fruit for more than 4 years. Thus, on the site you can always collect rich harvests and enjoy yourself, your family and guests with tasty and fragrant berries in the summer season.
Video on how to grow strawberries at the summer cottage
