Domestic sewage system for summer cottage - External sewer pipe system
- Discharge outlet
- Sewage in the old traditions of
- Septic is a modern sewage system for
- AAA sewage systems for sewageOutside the city, where you can leave the city bustle and dust, has become today not only a sign of prosperity, but also practically a necessity. Someone here breathes fresh air in plenty and finds repose after the everyday city fuss, someone is engaged in gardening and gardening, but literally everyone is faced with one problem, the solution of which depends on the comfort of living in the country house.
The fact that the city has become almost a mandatory attribute of civilized life is often completely absent in country conditions. This is a sewage system, without which other amenities can not be taken for granted. Therefore, becoming the owner of a country site, the newly-made summer resident most often thinks about the speedy creation of urban amenities for all, and especially the sewage system for the dacha. Moreover, if earlier many were content with primitive houses with a cesspool, hidden in a secluded corner of the garden, then today one cannot do without more sophisticated, and most importantly, durable and safe structures.
Components of the country sewage system
However, if a city dweller thinks little about setting up a sewage network outside his apartment, then arranging the sewage system in the country, you have to deal not only with plumbing devices and internal communications, but also remember all of the system’s components:sanitary devices, risers and pipes inside the building that make up the internal sewage system;
- On the system of pipes located outside the house;
- On the places of upholding or cleansing of all leaving the house and collected from the site of waste.
And if the internal system is similar to that in apartments, the remaining two parts of the sewage system are significantly different from the components of the central city and can be implemented by different methods.
Scheme of sewage at the cottage
Therefore, before proceeding to create a sewage system at the cottage with your own hands, you need to determine the requirements for and on the basis of the system and develop a diagram of its main objects. The decisive factors here are the location of the house, the wishes of the site owner and the list of used plumbing equipment.
It is optimal if all the equipment that needs to be drained is tied to one common pipe, directing waste to a special place where the drains have to either be simply collected, or stand and be cleaned.
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If sewage flows through different pipes, for example, from different buildings or rainwater collection channels are connected to the system, maintenance of such sewage can become more difficult and sometimes require arrangementseveral containers for disposal plum.
In areas where negative temperatures prevail in the winter, this feature is also taken into account, affecting not only the comfortable use of sewage in the country at any time of the year, but also the safety of the pipes running under the ground and leaving the house. If the site is supposed to create a simple sewage system using a sump, the occurrence of groundwater should not be below two meters, that is, the depth of the pit itself.
The internal sewage system for giving
The internal piping in the country house is planned based on the needs of the residents and the existing equipment, and the sewer pipe is discharged through the external wall of the building or the foundation below the floor level. It is important to provide a sufficient slope of the pipe at which the discharge inside the house is guaranteed to be higher than the level of sewage in the cesspool or septic tank.
External sewer pipe system
The external system represents a network of pipes transporting wastewater from a collection point, whether it is in-house equipment, drainage channels or wells for rainwater, with a place to clean or store waste. Today, traditional cast-iron pipes or more modern plastic products are used for these purposes. Cast iron pipes require careful sealing, and the joints in this case are treated with resin composition and cement mortar. Plastic pipes do not require the production of such works.
When making sewage systems in the country, it is important to ensure that the slope of sewage pipes is such that sewage can flow by gravity to the cesspool or septic tank. As a rule, this angle of inclination of the pipe is at least two centimeters per meter of pipe laid in the trench. The depth of the trench is not less than a meter, and the width to make work was comfortable, not less than half a meter.
In this case, all pipes that fall into the zone of soil freezing are necessarily insulated using mineral wool, insulating sleeves or foamed polymeric material, expanded clay or foam plastic. As a rule, all areas located above 30 cm from the soil level, as well as conclusions from the house, are subject to insulation.
A ventilation channel is installed near the exit of the sewer pipe, which prevents the spread of unpleasant odors in the local area.
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Place of discharge
If there is a centralized sewer network outside the site, the summer resident should only arrange for the delivery of waste to the common pipe. Neither accumulate nor clear them will not have to.
If there is no centralized sewage system nearby, then all problems fall on the shoulders of the site owner, and only he will have to take care of the disposal of the waste. And for this you need to decide which design to choose: the simplest cesspool or a modern, but more expensive septic tank to give.
Sewage in the old traditions
What can be simpler than a cesspool?
This is probably the cheapest and easiest-to-implement method for collecting sewage. The construction of the pit is simple, which allows it to be constructed without the help of specialists. However, before embarking on earthworks, you will need to know the required volume of the structure. This can be done on the basis of the average volume per capita, ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 cubic meters of liquid.
When the volume is known, you can proceed to determining the location of the future waste collector. And since sewage is not a very pleasant and useful neighborhood, a pit is dug taking into account the following rules:
- The minimum pit depth should not be less than two meters, which means that the groundwater should not come closer to the ground surface even during the spring thaw.;
- The minimum distance from the buildings is also determined - the distance from 5 meters is considered comfortable and safe;
- If the site owners use the water source located here, then the waste storage site should not be closer than 30 meters from the well or well;
- The presence of a cesspool assumes the presence of a free entrance of a car that collects the accumulated waste;
- If the site is located on rough terrain, the cesspool is organized exclusively in lowlands.
The cesspool itself can be made of concrete rings or tires, lined with bricks or blocks, and the joints and the bottom are waterproofed to prevent the ingress of polluted water into the soil.
The sewage system is equipped with a ventilation riser, and the hatch covering the pit must be designed in such a way that pumping out waste does not pose a problem. Sewerage to give short-term residence can do without a stationary pit for drains. If the site is intended for infrequent visits, it is enough to place an airtight container with a volume of up to 2 cubic meters in the pit and take the sewer pipe from it to the house.
With the cheapness and simplicity of organizing such a dacha sewage system, besides the unpleasant smell that hovers over the storage area of the wastewater, there is another significant drawback. This is the need to regularly call the special services involved in cleaning cesspools. What is not always possible in remote areas or results in a large amount.
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Septic - modern sewage system for giving
Using a septic tank, a more modern, and most importantly, efficient device makes it possible to create a sewage system in the country without pumping out. Fecal water is purified and discharged directly to the ground. Of course, an exhaust truck may be required to rinse the tank, but this service will be needed only in exceptional cases. This type of sewage system consists of a septic tank, where drains are maintained and cleaned, and a drainage system.
Septic tank is a multi-chamber tank, flowing through which the drains are gradually separated into liquid and solid fractions and are thus purified. There can also be microbiological decomposition of waste.
The easiest way to sewage in the country to purchase a branded septic tank and install the structure, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. However, everything can be done with your own hands. The trench is equipped with several hermetic chambers connected by overflow pipes.
Waste entering the septic tank is cleaned by 50 - 70%, and then it goes into the filter well or is displayed in the filtration field.
The design of the filtering well is similar to a sump, except for the bottom. Instead, a bulk cushion of sand and gravel is constructed under the well, allowing additional filtration of water when it enters the fertile soil.
In practice, the filtration fields represent a platform with perforated pipes laid in the soil, through which purified moisture in small portions seeps into the ground.
Cleaning stations can increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment to almost 99%.To date, this solution allows you to use waste water even for irrigation and create the most high-quality and efficient sewage system in the country. The final cleaning is due to the work of microorganisms that do not allow the waste to rot, and therefore there is no unpleasant smell.
Cleaning stations are sewers at a dacha without pumping out drains, the water leaving it has no repulsive odor and is completely harmless to humans and the environment, it can be used both for irrigation and for filling the pond at the site.
The only drawback of the design is its considerable price, which is more than compensated for by its comfortable use, the absence of problems with the cleaning of storage tanks and the smell.
Video: about sewage
