Features pruning fruit trees and shrubs

Autumn pruning of fruit trees and shrubs should be carried out annually. If this is not done, it will lead to thickening of the crown. In the thickened crown there is an accumulation of pests and diseases , which causes a decrease or even loss of the entire crop.

Basic rules for pruning fruit trees in autumn

If pruning has not been done on the tree for several years, you may need to remove a large number of branches. But at one time this is not desirable. It is better to prune such trees for several years.

Autumn pruning of fruit trees

When cutting fruit trees, it is very easy to harm a plant, especially when pruning young trees. Therefore, when starting to prune , it is necessary to clearly understand which branch and why it should be removed .

When pruning fruit trees, you must adhere to the basic rules:

1. You cannot remove a large number of large branches at once by pruning .This can significantly weaken the tree and even cause illness or death in the future.
2. Branches with signs of disease, broken or dry are always removed, first of all .
3. After the removal of large branches of the , the wounds of the trees are necessarily smeared with garden pitch.
4. Always use to use the sharp and high-quality tool , with a blunt tool, you can apply lacerated wounds, which will continue to heal for a long time.
5. Try to use only with clean tools, firstly, it is easier for them to work, and secondly, a dirty tool can harm the plant.
6. When pruning tall trees, try using ladders and stepladders. Or a special tool designed for cutting branches at height. Climbing tree branches is not recommended, this action can cause serious damage to the tree.

. Methods for pruning shrubs and trees.

. There are two main ways of pruning shrubs and fruit trees:

1. Shortening;
2. Thinning.

Both methods of pruning are performed with the aim of redistributing nutrients along the branches of the tree.

There are two ways of pruning - shortening and thinning.

. Pruning stimulates and intensively grows shoots, a positive effect on the correct formation of the plant. Pruning reduces the number of buds that consume food, shortens the path from the root system to the leaves of the plant, which stimulates increased growth.

Shortening - is a partial removal of the top of the shoot. Shortening stimulates the growth of young shoots and development of buds located below the cut, and also contributes to an increase in the thickness of the branches.

Thinning - is the complete removal of branches. This pruning prevents the crown from thickening, prevents the development of diseases and pest infestation, and, consequently, increases the yield.

Pruning ornamental and berry bushes

The very first pruning of shrubs is carried out during planting. Young 2-3 year old saplings shorten shoots to 10 - 15 cm , no more than 3-5 buds are left on one shoot.

With proper care, young shoots will grow from these buds in the first year.

Scheme of pruning fruit bushes

When cutting the bushes in the fall of , all diseased, broken or dry, as well as shoots that are close to the ground must be removed. If in the first year of development the berry shrub developed poorly and gave a weak increase, then all the shoots must be cut almost to the ground level, leaving only 3-5 cm above the surface.

In the second year of life, the shrub must form a few more powerful new shoots of .In the second year of life, the shrub must grow several more young powerful branches. In the fall, the shrub is also sanitized with the removal of diseased, broken or dry branches.

Removing shoots, pruning is done as close as possible to the base.

In the spring, it is necessary to once again pay attention to the condition of the shrub and, if necessary, to make another sanitary cut .

In the fall, once again carry out sanitary pruning of the shrub, also cut off the excess branches. On average, an adult and well-developed bush should have from 10 to 15 branches of different ages .

When cutting the shrubs in the future, it is necessary to remember that the branches grow more intensively during the first year of life, and then the growth rate is greatly reduced. And by five or six years, the growth of branches practically stops.

In shrubs with abundant branching, shoots slightly pruned. In shrubs with medium branching, branches are cut to 25% of the length, and for weaker ones, about half of the shoot is cut off.

Shrub formation must be completed 4 to 5 years after disembarkation.

A healthy bush, as a rule, should have the following ratio of shoots:

• 4–5 annual branches
• 3–4 two-year branches
• 2 –3 three-year branches
• 2 –3 four and five-year branches.

Branches older than 5-6 years, it is recommended to completely remove.

The shoots of shrubs are removed depending on their physiological state, direction and growth force. And this ratio may change.

How to trim a hedge on your own?

How the hedge will look like in the future, depends on the correct formation of the in the first year, after its landing. Therefore, the correct shaping of the hedge should begin soon after disembarkation.

Indoor hedge from privet

Many amateur gardeners do not cut young shrubs in the first few years, but this is wrong. In order to exclude large plant growth upwards, in the first year of life, it is necessary to carry out the correct pruning .This will stimulate a good education of new basal growths. If this is not done, the lower part of the hedge may be bare, and the top will be thickened.

Many of the plants that are used to make a hedge, such as hawthorn, snowberry, privet, combiner, and Mirabelle, are straight-growing. Therefore, they especially require good pruning soon after disembarking.

Shortly after planting, cut out all the plants, leaving no more than 15 cm of shoots above the ground. This will stimulate the growth of powerful young basal layers.

The next year, another strong pruning is needed. This will ensure the correct formation of a thick crown. If the density of bushes seems insufficient to you, you can again make a strong pruning of next year.

hedge formation scheme The third and subsequent years of , when the formation of a strong root growth is completed, only cosmetic trimming of plants is needed. The interval between pruning depends on the type of plant and slightly on weather conditions.

How to trim a fruit tree by yourself?

Self-pruning of trees should begin with the removal of dry, diseased, as well as old branches. It is these branches that reduce the yield of garden trees.

In order not to accidentally cause an extra injury to a fruit tree, it is necessary to immediately inspect the branches and decide on the number of branches that must be removed. It would be better to cut one big branch than to cut several small .When pruning branches, it is not recommended to leave stumps on the trunk, and remove the branch entirely to the base near the trunk.

Pruning an

Fruit Tree. If you are going to prune a fruit tree in the fall, you should prepare the tool initially. Take care of the sharpness of a hacksaw, shears or scissors. The level of injury inflicted on the plant depends on their severity. The garden tool will be sharpened, the less damage will be made to the trunk of the tree. Sharp tool, much better cope with their task.

To prevent the reproduction of various parasites and prevent the development of tree infections, it is recommended to burn the branches that remained after pruning. And the remaining ash can be used as fertilizer. Wood ash contains large amounts of phosphorus and potassium.

Even old trees, with proper care, are able to produce tasty and high-quality fruit. To do this, you should remove excess branches and form the crown of the tree with the bush .At the same time it is necessary to leave only the strongest and youngest branches.

Proper pruning of fruit trees and shrubs is the key to a good crop. It is necessary only once to master all the subtleties of gardening and in the future to apply and improve their skills in practice.