"White dog rose, wild rose horticultural garden roses is sung in the famous theme from the rock opera "Juno and Avos". Poet Andrei Voznesensky and composer Alexei Rybnikov romanticized this unique plant, making it an art object.
But few theatergoers know that otherwise white dog rose is called "black" - because of the color of the fruit. Unlike other types of dogrose, this fruit is not red, but black. All the secrets of black and white dog rose - in the material below.
Table of contents
- Botanical description and origin of the species
- Chemical composition of the blackest fruit
- Beneficial features
- Therapeutic properties and contraindications of large berries
- Recipes of medicines based on round black dog rose
Botanical description and origin of the species
The scientific Latin name for black rose is Rosa spinosissima. In the special literature he is also called Rosa tonkonozhkova, Rosa femoralis, Rosehip prickly. This plant of the Pink family is found in wild species in the territory of Central Europe and Asia.
There are two varieties of black dog rose:
- Rosa spinosissima altaica;
- Rosa spinosissima var. spinosissima.
The first subspecies is widespread in Siberia and China. The second is in Europe and South-West Asia. For both subspecies of black dog rose are characterized by the following common features:
The form | Sprawling bush up to 2 meters high. Shoots arc-shaped, strongly ospovany. Leaves complex, odd-pinnate, on long thorns. The color of the leaf plates is dark green, in autumn it is purple. |
Flowers | Single, with a diameter of 2 to 6 cm. The color of the petals is often white, but the subspecies spinosissima can be yellowish. Flowering - in May-June, for 2 weeks. |
Fruit | Spherical gipantii of black color, 10-14 mm in diameter, inside of which seeds-nuts are collected. The inner wall is covered with hard hairs. Ripen in late summer, keep on the plant until winter. |
Black rose is the ancestor of one of the most ancient varieties of cultivated roses, the Scottish one. In the middle strip of Russia, there is a garden shape of a barbed dog rose - with large creamy half-mahogany flowers.
Chemical composition of the blackest fruit
Black hips are a plant that can be used not only for the design of the site and romantic dates. Its fruits are no less useful than the usual red ones. The chemical composition varies slightly depending on the variety of dogrose and growth conditions.Average values look like this:
Index | % on dry weight |
Ash | , 3 |
Cellulose | 1, 2 |
Pectin substances | 1, |
Total acidity | , |
Common Sugars | 2, |
Caloric content of fresh fruits is 109 kcal per 100 g. Of these, 7 kcal are proteins, 7 - fats and 95 - carbohydrates.
Calorie content of dried fruits is higher - 284 kcal. Of these, proteins account for 18 calories, for fats - 16, for carbohydrates - 250.
The chemical composition of immature fruits is somewhat different from the composition of fully ripened fruits. For example, 5% starch is present in them.As you mature, starch is converted into sugar.Of the sugars in the black dog rose contains glucose, fructose and sucrose.
Seeds are rich in fatty acids. Their content is 92% of the total weight of the seeds. The most part is oleic acid. Also, rosehip contains linoleic, linolenic and caproic acids.
Vitamin composition per 100 g of fruit is as follows:
- vitamin C - 470 mg;
- vitamin E mg;
- vitamin B1 5 mg;
- vitamin B2 33 mg;
- vitamin Р mg.
Rosehip is rich in folic acid, vitamin K and mineral substances: iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus, manganese and copper.
Beneficial features
The above chemical composition of the fruit indicates the useful properties of this plant.
Vitamin C | Strengthens the vessel wall; · Participates in the synthesis of hormones; Promotes the regeneration of tissues; Strengthens the immune system; Helps to eliminate toxins. |
Vitamin B1 | · Improves memory; · Participates in the conduct of nerve impulses; · Is involved in the regeneration of nervous tissue. |
Vitamin B2 | · Participates in the formation of erythrocytes and antibodies; · Participates in the regeneration of skin; · Helps to restore nails and hair. |
Folic acid | · Takes part in DNA replication; Ensures the normal functioning of the reproductive system. |
Vitamin P | Prevents the fragility of capillaries; · Improves the functioning of the vascular system. |
Vitamin K | Provides blood clotting; It is necessary for normal assimilation of calcium. |
Vitamin E | · Has an immunostimulating effect; · Improves the reproductive system; · Participates in cellular respiration. |
The fruits of black rose hips contain many anthocyanins - substances necessary for the prevention of cancer.
.Therapeutic properties and contraindications of large berries
In folk medicine all parts of black rose hips are used: fruits, roots, flowers, seeds.This plant will help in the treatment of the following diseases:
- avitaminosis;
- acute respiratory infections;
- rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis;
- bronchitis, tracheitis, tracheobronchitis;
- pneumonia;
- conjunctivitis and blepharitis;
- anemia;
- atherosclerosis;
- hypertension;
- uterine, hemorrhoidal and other bleeding;
- kidney infections and urolithiasis;
- bile duct disease;
- decreased gastric acidity;
- skin diseases.
Oil from seeds is used for the treatment of pressure sores, trophic ulcers in varicose veins, for healing of postoperative wounds.
Contraindications to the use of funds based on black dog rose a little:
- gastritis with high acidity;
- peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
- thrombophlebitis;
- endocarditis;
- heart failure.
It is necessary to use the dogrose with care when the sensitivity of tooth enamel is increased and in case of individual intolerance.
Recipes of medicines based on round black dog rose
Of round black dog rose at home prepare medicinal broths, tinctures, syrups. During the preparation, use glass, porcelain or enamelware. Thermoses should be with a glass bulb.
Infusion of fresh fruits
Fruits are washed and crushed with a pestle so as not to damage the seeds. For 1 part of the raw material, take 6 parts of boiling water. Stir in a water bath for 10 minutes, remove from heat, cover and tightly wrap for 3 hours. The resulting infusion is well filtered, add honey or sugar.
Infusion of dried fruits
Fruits take 40 pieces, put in a thermos and pour 1 liter of boiling water. To insist 24 hours, then drain, add honey or sugar to taste.
Syrup
Take, kg fresh fruits, wash and place in an enameled container. Pour the raw material with 2 liters of boiling water, boil over low heat for 20 minutes. Cool, drain and let stand for several hours, then drain again. Take, kg of granulated sugar, pour into the broth and cook with stirring for about half an hour.
Spread on glass bottles, sterilize for 10 minutes, tightly seal and store in a cool dark place. Use, adding to hot tea instead of sugar.
Syrup from petals
For 1 glass of water, take 1 kg of granulated sugar and weld a thick syrup. Pour them 100 g of fresh petals, bring to a boil, remove from heat and leave for 12 hours. Then again boil and boil for 20 minutes, taking off the foam. Add 2 tbsp. spoons of lemon juice, pour on glass bottles and tightly cork. To add in tea at cold.
Infusion of petals
A quarter of a glass of dry petals pour a glass of boiling water. Cover the dishes with a lid and wrap them for 15 minutes. Drink half the glass before meals as a sedative or apply to wash the eyes with conjunctivitis.
Decoction of black hips roots
2 tbsp. Spoons of dry raw material pour 2 cups of boiling water and put on a slow fire. Boil for 15 minutes, then insist 2 hours and strain. Take kidney disease for a quarter cup 3 times daily before meals.
Compress of roots
20 g of dry raw materials pour, l boiling water, put on fire and boil for 2 hours. Cool to a warm state, moisten the broth in several layers of cloth. Put a compress at night with gout and muscle cramps.
Rosehip briar with white flowers and black fruits - an invaluable combination of beauty and good. Having planted this shrub on your site, you can not only admire the spring with its tender romantic flowering, but also provide the family with a vitamin-mineral complex for the whole year.
Now you know which briar is the most useful and can distinguish the usual fruits from black. And finally a short video on the topic:
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