Lemon is a heat-loving perennial tree that can be grown at home. Such a citrus crop, planted at room temperature from a stone, will always delight the eye with its evergreen leaves.
But in order to get fragrant yellow fruits, it is necessary to plant the plant correctly.
Table of contents
- Features and conditions of grafting
- How to choose a stock?
- Vaccination methods home-made lemon
- How to graft cutting?
- Copulation
- How to instill a lemon at home so that it fructifies by budding?
Features and Conditions for
Inoculation Growing a lemon at home is a simple process. This requires high-quality material for planting, a container with earth and good care for the culture. Compliance with all the conditions necessary for growth will provide an opportunity to grow a beautiful citrus tree with strong fleshy leaves. It may begin to bear fruit in no less than seven years.
Get useful fruits can be much faster if you plant a culture, choosing the right option. This procedure will allow you to get the first harvest in three years.
Some lemon varieties can produce fruit in the first year after grafting.Grafting is the movement of shoots or buds from one selected plant to another for complete healing. This action must be performed one year after planting, when a strong green stem will sprout from a bone.
The best period for transplanting buds or shoots is mid spring. At this time, the plant comes the moment of increasing the activity of all the processes necessary for life. If necessary, you can graft lemon at home in August.
How to plant a lemon tree How to choose a stock?
For the effectiveness of the vaccination result, a high-quality stock should be selected - the culture to be planted. A good mother plant will be a sprout grown from a seed with a diameter of half a centimeter.
Strong seedlings of citrus crops such as grapefruit, orange and lemon are often used as a stock. When choosing a plant for grafting, one should take into account the distinctive characteristics of the plant - growth, taste, and propensity for diseases.
Before the engraftment process, several small lemon branches are harvested. Such a graft - the material that is grafted on the mother seedling, should be taken only fruiting plants. The processes are cleared of thorns and leaves. Only embryonic shoots and scapes should remain on the branches.
Vaccination Methods for Home Lemon
For grafting citrus crops, several vaccination options are used:
- . Cutting .This method can be applied in the spring and summer. It is carried out with the help of branches with a certain number of leaves. You can perform two cuttings - “behind the bark” and “split”
- Copulation. In the process of grafting, the stock is used and the part grafted onto it with the same thickness. Such a connection with cuttings is simple and advanced.
- Budding. This method of vaccination is the most common. The deadline is April and May. For budding, a single kidney with a thin woody coating is used, which is selected from the stalk of a cultivated plant. Such a peephole is inserted into the bark of the stock.
A month before vaccination, it is necessary to check the condition of the roots of the crop and, if necessary, replace the soil.
Grafted lemon, which began to grow How to graft cutting?
At the beginning of spring, the plant begins to revitalize all life processes. A tree actively grows branches and leaves, which are good material for cuttings.
Grafting a lemon with the help of a young graft is done in several stages:
- de-dusting stock is horizontally trimmed at a height of five centimeters from the ground;
- performs vertical splitting to a depth of two centimeters of the main stem;
- at the bottom of the cutting is made an oblique cut equal to the incision on the stem;
- cutting at the end with a bud inserted into the incision;
- graft, which entered the incision, gently pressed against the stem;
- junction carefully wrapped with plastic tape;
- cut on the stem is coated with a special garden pitch.
Such a grafting method is called “behind the bark”.
The graft “in splitting” is done a little differently:
- from the stem is cut at a distance of seven centimeters the entire bark;
- The remaining stock is divided in half with a sharp knife to a depth of two to four centimeters;
- cutting base obliquely cut from opposite sides;
- a scion is inserted into the incision, on which there must be at least three kidneys;
- vaccination area is wound with a film material.
For effective grafting, it is necessary that the bark of the scion and rootstock be pressed during winding.
A container with a grafted citrus tree is placed in a warm place where regular airing should be done. When the yellowed petioles begin to fall off, the dressing should be slightly dispersed, and with the active development of the kidneys, it is completely removed.
Copulation
This method of grafting should be carried out during the calm of the plant, which occurs in winter. It is also possible to carry out copulation in early spring until the buds begin to appear.
This vaccination is one of the common variants of grafting. It is quite simple to make it:
- is selected by a stock and a graft with the same thickness;
- identical oblique sections are made on the stem of the mother plant and on the handle;
- cut surfaces are aligned with each other;
- docking site neatly rewound tape.
The winding should be done very carefully, the matched pressed sections are not shifted. With the right combination, sticking stalk will come to life after a while, sprouting. If such signs appear, remove the dressing.
Lemon copulation scheme How to instill a lemon at home so that it fructifies by budding?
Budding or grafting by the eye is the easiest way to graft with cuttings. This process can be performed from mid-spring to late August. During this period, the plant begins active sap flow. In the spring, a sprouted eye is selected for grafting, and at the end of summer, the material is used in a sleeping state.
For a scion, you need to cut off an escape with a kidney with a clean, sharp knife and make two incisions horizontally. The first one is one centimeter above the bud, the second one is one and a half centimeter lower than the embryonic shoot.
For engraftment of cuttings by the method of budding, it is necessary:
- on the bark of a well-cleaned stock make a cut in the shape of the letter “T”;
- angle in the crust, formed as a result of notching, slightly bend;
- insert the prepared graft into the formed slot;
- vaccination place is wrapped with tape so that the kidney itself remains open;
- surface, where the vaccination was carried out, covered with garden pitch.
The grafted plant is covered with a plastic bottle or plastic bag to create a greenhouse effect. In the process of growing the scion and rootstock, perform regular airing and remove unnecessary shoots.
Lemon budding scheme The connecting bandage and the greenhouse cover are removed after one month. If budding is successful, then the cutting should fall off, leaving only an eye on the stem. The stock is cut at a distance of ten centimeters from the grafted bud.
To achieve the best result, you should follow some recommendations from practicing gardeners:
- absolute sterility of the whole process;
- , all cuts should be made with a sharp, well-ground knife;
- to use healthy strong plants for stock;
- remove extra shoots after grafting on the stem;
- to inoculate the rootstock for a few days before inoculation;
- after grafting use a greenhouse, which should be regularly aired;
- to moisten the soil in a mini-greenhouse, using a cotton swab moistened with water.
After a successful accretion, the young grafted branch is tied to the stem in a horizontal position. Grafted citrus plants should be constantly watered to prevent drying out of the soil.
Plant a lemon at home and eventually get the first harvest for everyone. For a fruitful result, it is necessary to choose the method of vaccination, and to correctly produce the process.
