Separating new rosettes when breeding violets with a program isn’t;When you see Usambar violets on the window sill, the grower will necessarily have a desire to expand the collection at the expense of other varieties or to get new sockets from the existing ones. Most often at home violets propagated by leaves, cut from the adult plant you like. This is the easiest and most common way of growing young rosettes, which will be easy to master even for beginners who have only recently become interested in such an amazing culture as Saintpaulia.
A favorable time for reproduction of violets is the spring and summer months when there is enough heat and light for the plants. But if necessary, for example, if planting a violet leaf is the only way to save a rare variety, then an experienced florist is able to carry out his plan during the period of short daylight.
Choosing and obtaining a leaf for breeding violets.
Success in breeding violets depends largely on the planting material chosen. If the leaf turns out to be weak or sick, it will be very difficult and sometimes unreal to get abundant and strong offspring from it.
Therefore, before you grow a violet from a leaflet, very carefully approach its choice. Experienced growers are advised not to use leaves from the lowest tier close to the ground for breeding. They are the oldest, possibly already weakened, moreover, on such sheet plates, the probability of the settlement of bacteria and fungi spores is high.
It is best to cut the stalk from the second or third tier, where the leaves are sufficiently formed, reached adult size and have a pronounced turgor.
Sometimes the planting material is hung, lost appearance and elasticity. This happens if they want to get a new outlet from a sheet purchased at a store, sent by mail from a nursery or received from a friend.
Long road, and sometimes just irregular watering quickly affect the condition of the sheet plate and the handle. Therefore, it is better to lay such a leaf intended for propagation of violet before planting for a couple of hours in warm boiled water, to which several crystals of potassium permanganate have been previously added. This measure will allow the sheet to return to its previous state and disinfect it.
Then, the cuttings of a leaf dried on a napkin are neatly cut with a sharp knife at a distance of 3-4 cm from the base of the leaf blade. The cut can be both straight and at an angle of 45 °.
Rooting of a leaf for reproduction of a violet in water.
The faster a cut leaf gets into the water, the easier and faster the root formation process will be.
For a beginner who has never engaged in breeding violets, rooting a leaf is easiest in boiled or distilled water. This will allow:
- to accurately track the condition of the planting material;
- in time to prevent rotting cutting;
- see the formation of the root system and the beginnings of future outlets.
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Before the leaf for reproduction of violet is lowered into the water, the container is thoroughly washed, and if it is a lot of one-time dishes, then sterilized. It is best to take small glasses or bubbles of dark glass, which will prevent the formation of green algae on the walls of the vessel and water pollution.rooting procedure:
- The sheet is buried 1.5–2 cm.
- The cut of the cutting should not touch the vessel, for which the sheet can be fixed with a sheet of paper or a lid on a container with water.
- To prevent the development of pathogenic bacteria and microscopic algae, a tablet of activated charcoal is immersed in water.
- Evaporated moisture is gradually poured again, using only distilled clean water, being careful not to wet the leaf plate and without changing the initial level of the liquid.
Depending on the variety and condition of the leaf selected for breeding violets, the appearance of the roots can be seen in 2–4 weeks.
If, despite all the efforts on the cut, it was not the roots that showed up, but the traces of rot, the leaf was taken out of the water, dried and neatly trimmed, removing damaged tissue. To prevent rotting will help the same coal, only in this case - crushed into powder. They are treated with a new cut, and then the sheet is again immersed in water.
With traces of decay, water is changed, and the tank is disinfected.
When strong, 1–2 cm long roots have developed on the leaf cutting, it is time to convert the leaf into a soil mixture.
In some cases, flower growers do not remove planting material from water until tiny sockets form on the handle. And they are added to the nutrient substrate. However, there is a danger of weakening sprouts, slowing down of growth and development. To grow a violet from a leaflet that has already given roots, take small plastic cups or pots with holes to drain the water. Vessels for a third filled with fine drainage, then the glasses almost to the top filled with soil.
How to plant a violet leaf in the soil? First of all, the cutting and the leaf itself should not be deeply buried. Otherwise, the generated sockets will make their way to the surface for a long time, weaken, or may not slip. Around the cutting, the soil is compacted, moistened, and in this form the pot is placed in a greenhouse or covered with a bag to create a favorable atmosphere for the reproduction of violet and preserve moisture. If at the same time the florist is going to grow several varieties of leaves from the leaves, the pots are equipped with the appropriate inscriptions about the name of the plant and the date of its planting.
From a greenhouse or from under the film, plants are obtained after the young foliage appears above the ground level. As a rule, waiting for this moment may take at least two weeks.
Rooting a leaf of violets in the soil mixture
The leaves that are planted immediately in the ground take root perfectly, and the process of growing violets from leaf cuttings is much faster. This method is irreplaceable when, for reproduction, the violets took a sheet from a still young, non-adhering plant, or, conversely, planting material was obtained already withering.
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The leaf is prepared in the same way as in the first case, but the cutting on the miniature varieties is shortened even more, leaving everything from a centimeter to one and a half.
Small cups or pots up to 100 ml in volume and about 5 cm in diameter are well suited for planting. One third of the containers are filled with drainage material. If it is expanded clay, it would be nice to ignite it in the oven to minimize the risk of spreading fungal and mold infections.
Next, pour soil mixture into a cup and make a hole for the cutting. For filling this recess, not the usual soil is used, but mixed for looseness with perlite. In this case, small outlets will be easier to develop and get the necessary air.
Sometimes you can see tips on growing violets on pure perlite. However, such a solution may result in the death of weak plants, because perlite without other components of the soil does not hold moisture well and dries quickly.
The composition of the soil for violets includes not only perlite, but also sphagnum moss, which retains water and has an antibacterial effect.
When planting, the soil mixture should be slightly damp. Planting material into the ground is buried by no more than 5 mm for miniature varieties and 1–1.5 cm for standard size violets. Watching the video on how to propagate violet leaf, you can learn a lot about the intricacies of this process and subsequently avoid annoying errors. In one cup you can put a few sheets, as long as they are of the same grade and carefully marked.
As in the first case, when cuttings with formed roots were planted in the soil, the soil is compressed a little, moistened, and the glass is placed in a greenhouse. So that mold does not form on the soil, and the plants do not rot, from time to time planting airs, protecting from drafts and cold air.
A good result is obtained by planting violet leaves intended for propagation into peat tablets. Due to the loose, nutrient substrate of the plant quickly form the roots and young rosettes.
How to grow a violet from a leaf? What conditions are important for a young plant, and how to care for the sprout so that it successfully and quickly takes root? The most important condition for the success of the growing process can be considered constant attention to the tiny violet plant, which is provided:
- is a light nutrient and permeable to air and moisture soil;
- stable growing temperature of about 22–26 ° C;
- light day lasting at least 12 hours;
- regular and uniform watering;
- constant humidity and wind protection.
Violets on racks are very well-equipped with illumination made from phyto-lamps, which provide plants with comfortable conditions for growth even in autumn and winter.
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The composition of the soil for violets and its preparation
The soil mixture for planting violets with a leaf is prepared in advance, always a day before the plant enters the soil, disinfecting it and mixing it with all the components and fertilizers.
As a basis for the substrate, you can take ready-made soil for violets or seedlings of horticultural crops. But experienced flower growers promise a better effect if they make the mixture themselves. Moreover, there are many interesting compositions of soil for violets. One of them is proposed by the famous breeder B. Makuni.
- 1 piece of sheet humus;
- 3 parts peeled peat;
- 1 part clean sand;
- 2 part of green moss;
- 1 part sphagnum;
- 1 part garden land.
Today such substances as perlite and vermiculite are used more and more often for soil mixtures for growing violets, which provide a good soil structure and looseness. For disinfection of soil and its quality, crushed charcoal and sphagnum are introduced into the soil. With the last component you can not overdo it, otherwise the soil turns out to be moisture-consuming, and the roots of violets in it can rot.
If sphagnum is used in the composition of the soil for violets, it is crushed. In general, this kind of moss is good to use for drainage in small pots.
The separation of new rosettes during the reproduction of violets by the leaf
The formation of several daughter rosettes with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm at the base of the sheet suggests that it is time to plant the plants. If at home leaflets of variegated varieties propagate with a leaf, at the time of transplantation the daughter plants must be green, otherwise the white leaves will not be able to provide food for the acclimatized outlet.
At the same time, children will have to be divided in such a way that each tiny rosette will have at least one pair of leaves with a developed growth point and some number of roots.
For the separation to be less traumatic for violets:
- moisturize the ground in the pot well;
- plant taken out together with a soil clod;
- gradually clean the roots from the ground.
For reproduction of violets of such tiny sizes, the smallest pots with a diameter of 4 cm are taken, to which the daughter sockets are transferred, without recessing, like cuttings, before that.
Children with an insufficient amount of roots should not be planted in the ground, but, like a leaf cutting, in a mixture of soil and perlite. Such a plant for 10–14 days is placed in a greenhouse or on film.
The grown-up outlets are transplanted to a permanent place when their diameter is 1.5–2 times larger than the size of the pot. In this case, plants will need containers with a diameter of up to 6 cm, and it is better to cross the violets in them together with the existing earthy clod, and the new soil is poured on the bottom and around the circumference, compacting the outlet in a pot.
Propagation of violet leaf - video
https: //www.youtube.com/ watch? V = sWcy8X-IOso
