I will talk about the plant, which is known to every summer resident, gardener, even people far from agriculture. The plant belongs to the umbrella family. This dill odorous or garden. Named so because earlier instead of “finely cut” they used the word “sprinkle”.Without it, you can’t cook any soup, you can’t cook okroshka, or pickle pickles. It would seem - growing dill - what is difficult? Now such a large selection of varieties - the eyes diverge. Landing - too, seemingly it doesn’t cause any particular difficulties. .. But I had time, there were difficulties.
- How to speed up seed germination of dillAnd as a spice, they began to use for food in the 16th century. It is believed that he began to "walk" around the planet from Central, South-West Asia. In some places I met information that North Africa is also considered to be the motherland of this plant. Now he is known everywhere, all over the world. Cultivated almost everywhere, all over the world. It is grown specifically, but it also grows savage.
This is an unpretentious cold-resistant culture. Now it is difficult to find a plot or garden where it would not be grown.
Honestly, I have never treated him as some special garden plant, for the cultivation of which some definite knowledge is needed. He grew up and is now growing for potatoes - he himself sows himself, he rises himself. Ditch greens or umbrellas as needed. It’s impossible for our entire family to eat it, so there is a lot left for the seeds that sprout in spring - I don’t seem to do anything for it. Well, except that I don’t fill out the whole while weeding or pile up potatoes.
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How to speed up germination of dill seeds
Seeds germinate slowly, as they are coated with essential oils that prevent moisture from penetrating inside the seed, delaying germination. Germination can be accelerated by soaking the seeds with hot water( not boiling water) - while excess oil will emerge. When the water has cooled, it should be drained, rinse the seeds with cold water.
I make it easier - I read somewhere that essential oils dissolve alcohol solutions well - I pour seeds with vodka( you can’t burn them for more than 15 minutes), rinse, dry to a friable state, sow. Shoots appear after 4-5 days.
I do this vodka seed treatment, if there is no rain ahead, it is hot weather. This is usually repeated in the second half of the summer. And in early spring, when the soil is wet after the winter, there is enough moisture reserves, I sow the seeds without vodka treatment - seedlings appear in 10-12 days. Seeds do not lose their germination for 3-5 years.
↑ to the content ↑Features of planting and growing dill
A few years ago I had a little problem. The greens of the self-seeding dill can be torn only until mid-summer. And then umbrellas appear, which are indispensable for preservation, but after all, in borsch, salad I want to add fragrant greens. ..
I found out that there are bush varieties that do not produce flowering stem for a long time, they stay green much longer( 1-1.5 months).I decided to sow. This is where the difficulties arose.
did not want to rise. But I coped with this - I wrote above that before planting I poured seeds with vodka.
But even if shoots appeared, there were some frail, not appetizing. In addition, they quickly disappeared or formed an umbrella, although according to the idea of the seed producers this should not have happened so soon.
Began to look for the reasons for their failures. Has found. More experienced gardeners suggested something, read something, and thought of something themselves.
Why does dill grow poorly?
First, it must be sown very early. You can even before the winter or as soon as the snow melted. In the Kuban - grows well, sown in the "February window."
Secondly, it is not necessary to sow it thickly. Thickened crops grow poorly, slowly, almost immediately after germination, the plant goes into the trunk - there is nothing to tear on the greens.
Thirdly, it can be sown by scattering seeds throughout the site. You can scatter them on ready-made beds, for example, with onions, garlic.
Fourth, if you decide to sow this spicy greens in the second half of the summer, then take him a bed in partial shade - the sun before dinner - the shadow after. This plant is a short day, so he needs to artificially create such conditions in the summer. It is necessary to sow it in the wet ground, not thick, be sure to water. If the soil is dry, he will immediately start up the trunk - you will not get green, you will not get a magnificent dill. Try to loosen the aisles - all cultures love the lush land.
Now, with a light heart, I can say that the cultivation of dill does not cause any particular difficulties.
Still, he prefers to grow on well-lightened, light nutrient soils. It grows poorly on clay soil, marshy or lowland areas. Does not like excessive acidification of the soil.
He is not particularly picky about moisture, but responds well to adequate watering. With a lack of moisture, the yield decreases. Prefers open sunny places, but in partial shade also gives a good harvest.
Shoots This is an annual plant, therefore, during one growing season it goes through all stages of development - from seed germination to the formation of new ones. From the seed, one sprout usually appears with two linear, elongated leaves completely different from the leaves of an adult plant.
The soil for sowing seeds is prepared in advance — they apply humus or any complex fertilizer, in order not to apply any fertilizers later, as there is a danger of accumulation of nitrates. It is very good if you add superphosphate, nitroammofosku when sowing. Phosphorus, so necessary for plants, is well absorbed by them during germination.
When sowing dill, it should be sown so that you have to look closely - is there a seed in the groove, is it visible - then you will get normal sparse shoots. And if you see the seeds when sowing, it means that they are too thick - the seedlings will have to thin out.
Yes, I forgot to note that the seeds come up not only in the spring, but they manage to give another crop in the autumn. Here it doesn’t reach umbrellas - almost all of it I tear off for food, I freeze for winter consumption. By the way, I like autumn dill more. The greenery is more juicy, aromatic - the heat is gone, moisture is enough for juiciness.
A peculiar dill odor appears in the plant, starting from the 4th to 5th leaflets. The older the plant, the more aromatic it is.
Dill grows very quickly. From the emergence of shoots before harvesting the greens takes about 40 days. After that, you either cut the greens or leave "on an umbrella".
I never practiced myself, but I met information that he tolerates a pick and transplant very well if there is a first or second leaf. Therefore, it can be grown through seedlings to get greens as early as possible. That is how farmers grow it, agricultural enterprises in the winter in greenhouses.
содерж to the content ↑Kustovaya fennel
I said above that I sow only bush varieties, and I usually grow up a regular one that I use for canning on a potato field after winter. He happens so much - he sows himself, he rises in spring without my help. But such a dill quickly reaches the umbrella stage. Then juicy fragrant greens I get from the bush.
For bush varieties, this period is 50 days. They do not bloom for a long time, that is, the period of collecting greens is extended by 2-3 weeks, and some even for a longer period.
Kustovoy Kustovoy differs from ordinary varieties in appearance. The plant, while young, does not have a stem. The leaves grow rosette from the root at a sharp angle. The rosette of leaves is raised, a flowering stem does not form for a long time. Therefore, do not pull it out by the root - just break off larger, more fragrant leaves. From the center of the outlet will grow new leaves. Days after 5 on this plant, the harvest process can be repeated.
Dill has a flowering stem. After breaking off the large lower leaves, new ones on this site do not grow.
Above, I wrote that it is growing very fast. That is, the conclusion suggests itself that if we want to be all summer with fragrant green, then it should be sown several times. It really is.
Now there are many varieties with different ripening terms. Sowing a few with an interval of 1.5-2 months, you will be with greens all season.
For example, if you sow varieties such as Alligator, Amazon, Salut, then in 1-1.5 months you will have greenery, you will have it for 1.5-2 months - until the middle of summer. In the first half of June( in the Kuban, this is the last days of May) you can sow the dill again to provide yourself with greens until the end of summer.
I receive the third harvest already in the deep autumn. The harvest of potatoes was harvested, the potato field was cleared of plant residues, autumn rains passed. Delicate bushes sprout again themselves, without my help. They do not grow to the umbrella state, but it is this green that I freeze. All winter I add to borscht, salads, meat dishes.
содерж to the contents ↑Dill varieties
As I have already said, many varieties of dill have now been developed. It is quite difficult to decide which one to choose.
Distinguish them by ripening, by the shade of the leaves, by the stronger or weaker aroma and, of course, by taste.
What to look for when choosing a variety. This is not as easy as it sounds. The state registry contains about 50 names. What distinguishes one from the other? There are many subtleties. Some are visible only to specialists. For example, there are such varieties Redut, Max. How do they differ from each other? Both of them belong to the same group in terms of ripening - medium late, both are designed to produce greenery or umbrellas. And the differences are the leaf pattern, foliage, hairiness, the length of the leaf segment. In Redut, leaf branches are more rarely located, and in Max, it is thicker. But we hardly notice such differences in our garden.
The most popular variety among gardeners is the Alligator, Amazon( this was told to me in secret by the seller of the seed shop).They are very similar. This bush varieties, which give a lot of fragrant greens.
I planted an Alligator. What I liked - a lot of greenery, cut off juicy, slightly bluish leaves all season, an umbrella began to form only by the end of summer. 
Alligator( May 2016) However, I sowed it where the sun only from morning hours to 11 o'clock, and then all the hot day shadow, only an hour before sunset - the sun again.
Good grade - Kibray.
Refers to the bush. But still, he used to form an umbrella before the Alligator. 
There are a lot of umbrella varieties, it seems to me that there are more of them than bush varieties. Umbrella include Grenadier, Richelieu, Carousel. There is a group of varieties that occupy, as it were, an intermediate position - for example, Max, Redut, Umbrella, which give enough greenery. The umbrella also manages to mature.
Interesting variety Preobrazhensky. It gives a lot of greenery, the rosette of leaves is powerful, compact, but the umbrella matures early enough.
Some varieties can be appreciated not only for the rich rich flavor, but also for the unusually lace beautiful foliage. That is - Richelieu. The leaf is quite rare, with long segments, thin, elegant. This variety is good because it blooms quickly. That is, we will not get much greenery from it, but we will get umbrellas for lightly salted early cucumbers.
содерж to the contents ↑Diseases of the dill
The main problem of dill is fusarium wilt. This is an infectious disease. It is transmitted with seeds. It often occurs under adverse conditions - sudden changes in air temperature. Processing dill with chemical means is unacceptable for us - we eat leaves.
Therefore, the output is as follows.
First, it is seed dressing before sowing - soaking them in phytosporin, manganese solution.
Secondly, if you know that the site is infected, for example, I did not have one year of dill harvest, then the drug Trichodermin is applied to the soil in advance. It is advisable to do this before sowing. Trichodermin is not a chemical drug, it is a fungus spores, which also need to create conditions for development. It is brought into the wet soil, that is, before sowing dill, water the garden, and then sprinkle with peat substrate with fungal spores. Trichodermin successfully fights fusarium withering dill.
I hope that now growing dill will not cause difficulties for you.
