Contents of the article:
If the trees do not pay enough attention, even with excellent seedlings and varieties from the orchard you can hardly wait for a good harvest. One of the most important care activities is the spraying of fruit trees in the spring.
Timely and well-performed procedure:
- will help to build reliable protection against the mass of dangerous plant diseases;
- will prevent insect pests;
- will set the stage for future flowering and harvest.
One of the most important events, opening a new summer season, is aimed at the destruction of pests that are still hidden from the gardener's eyes. Many of the worst enemies of fruit trees hibernate and develop inside the crust, in the surface layer of soil under the trees, and even inside the buds.
In what timeframe in spring will the treatment of fruit trees from pests be most beneficial? To prevent the mass appearance of the army of insects, the first battle with it is carried out when the average daily temperature overcomes the barrier of +5 ° C, and the main snow cover comes off. Exact dates cannot be named, because much depends on the climatic characteristics of the region and the conditions of a particular year.
Spring processing of fruit trees before bud opening
In most areas of the middle zone, it is necessary to start preparing for spraying from mid-March.
What is this preparation? Before proceeding to the spring processing of fruit trees from pests:
- plants are inspected to identify damaged and dead shoots, cracks and wounds on the bark, grinding branches and other problems;
- pruning found dry shoots;
- cleans trunks and skeletal branches from lichens and bark damaged during the winter;
- under the trees and shrubs are harvesting last year's foliage and other debris to prevent the reproduction of soil pests and not only carry out treatment from pests of fruit trees in the spring, but also clean pristvolnye circles under plantations.
All of these measures are aimed at reducing the risk of spreading infections from dead plant parts to healthy ones. Therefore, after sawdust and cleaning, all wound surfaces and cuts on shrubs and fruit trees are treated with copper sulphate in the spring, using a 1–3% solution of the substance in water. And only then the planting of the garden pitch is carried out.
Than spraying fruit trees in the spring?
The choice of pest and disease control products today is so wide that it is difficult to find your way in color packages when visiting a store. What tools are suitable for spraying fruit trees in the spring?
Copper sulphate can be recognized as the most popular tool among gardeners in Russia. Copper sulphate is a fungicide that successfully confronts such common diseases of fruit trees and berry bushes as powdery mildew and scab. It can be used in any weather throughout the year.
In order to more efficiently process fruit trees in the spring with copper sulfate, a Bordeaux liquid is prepared on its basis. For this, vitriol is mixed in equal parts with hydrated lime.
The resulting blue fluid has not only fungicide properties, but also:
- fights bacterial infections;
- helps to cope with certain types of insects.
The spraying of fruit trees with iron sulfate carried out in spring is also aimed at combating plant diseases, but it is used as a foliar feeding with iron. As in the case of copper sulfate, to achieve a lasting effect, two treatments of the garden with iron sulphate will be required.
In early spring, diesel fuel is effectively used to treat trees from wintering pests under the bark. Forming a thin, airborne film, it deposits on the surface of the bark and prevents insects from breathing. Usually the effect occurs after a few hours. The larvae and eggs laid in the kidneys and under the bark die without developing into an adult insect.
These treatments are carried out before bud break. What else to spray fruit trees in April? An important addition to fungicides will be the systemic means of combating insects, for example, with apple leaves, parasitic on many garden plantations.
Spraying of fruit trees in spring before and after flowering.
The second stage of the onset of diseases and pests is when the plants are ready to bloom, the buds have already been opened, and also at the stage of ovary emergence. At this time, the focus is on the extermination of pests, as well as securing the results of the fight against diseases and infections.
How to sprinkle fruit trees in the spring in order to harvest a full-bodied healthy harvest in the summer? Garden processing is carried out in two steps:
- when only buds are marked on the trees;
- when most of the petals fly around, and the first signs of the ovary become noticeable on the branches.
At this stage, complex insecticides are used in combination with fungicidal agents. In addition, you should pay attention to foliar treatment of trees with urea or urea. The chemical product copes with several tasks at the same time:
- fights against most diseases of apples, pears and stone fruits, including all kinds of rot;
- destroys pests on the stage of eggs and pupae;
- is a nitrogen supplement that simulates the growth of green mass.
In large gardens, located far beyond the borders of residential properties, spring processing of fruit trees from pests is carried out with the help of the preparation DNOC, which simultaneously acts against ticks, insects and pathogens.
The drug is toxic, so when using it you need serious security measures. The treatment is carried out in very early spring or autumn, when the plants do not show signs of active growth.
Recently popular preparations of biological origin are good for disease prevention. If the tree is already pained or hit by pests, such means, although they are safer for the plants and man, will not help much, and I can’t cope with the problem at all.
How are fruit trees sprayed in the spring?
How to spray garden plantings? How much solution may be required for irrigation of a tree?
If you refer to the instructions applied to the means of chemical protection of plants, there are always proportions of the dilution of the drug, as well as the approximate fluid flow per square meter. But how to focus on these figures when spraying fruit trees in the spring is not only on the ground, but above all on the crown?
That is why it is extremely important to prepare a high-quality sprayer before the beginning of spring, which makes it possible to moisten the most hard-to-reach areas of the tree with the help of a directed jet. As a rule, a good machine allows you to save chemicals, avoiding waste in vain and providing a powerful fine jet. A video about spraying fruit trees in the spring will help to master the technique of competent selection of drugs and irrigation of plants. The treatment can be considered completed when the crown of a tree or shrub is wetted from all sides, the trunk and basal soil are processed, where insects can hide and overwhelm fungal spores.
