You have decided to organize a system of saturated, bright and economical lighting in the street or in the yard, bought for this purpose mercury lamps? Today the market of lighting equipment and associated elements of mercury-containing products represented a wide range and at an acceptable cost, right?
But you doubt the wisdom of such a decision and do not know which model is better to choose light bulbs? We will help you to understand all the intricacies of the purchase and use of mercury lighting.
The article deals with the existing varieties of these lamps, their advantages and disadvantages. Paying attention to the safe operation and proper disposal at the end of the period of use.
Given the best producers of mercury modules, offering a good range of excellent quality. Material Photo Pattern article is provided with a mercury-containing devices, as well as videos with an overview of various types of lamps and the nuances of their utilization.
The content of the article:
- General description of mercury devices
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Classification tube devices
- №1 - particularly articles of low pressure
- №2 - the differences of high pressure lamps
- №3 - the nuances of ultrahigh-pressure units
- Shades of radiation devices
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Advantages and disadvantages of mercury lamps
- Pros HID modules
- Cons of mercury-containing products
- What is the danger for humans?
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Review of the best models on the market
- Location # 1 - brand Osram bulb
- Location # 2 - range of Philips
- Place # 3 - Offer brand Delux
- Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
General description of mercury devices
Mercury-containing gas discharge bulb - a specific light source, wherein the gas discharge generates optical radiation in mercury vapor. This variety is called a discharge lamp The technical nomenclature (radar).
The presence of toxic substances considerably reduces the attractiveness of products. However, all the way from them has not abandoned and considered obsolete mercury devices until early.
High-pressure mercury devices excellent job with the task of lighting large indoor and outdoor spaces. The intensity of luminescence at nearly equal power 10 times of standard incandescent lamps
Classification tube devices
Primary classification mercury products occurs depending on the internal filling pressure.
Deciphering the alphabet abbreviations:
- RLND - low pressure lamps;
- RLVD - high pressure units;
- RLSVD - ultra-high pressure apparatus.
In the first group are products having a steady state baseline mercury vapor partial pressure less than 0.01 MPa. In the second, this quantity is from 0.1 MPa to 1 MPa, and the third - higher than 1 MPa.
№1 - particularly articles of low pressure
The list of low-pressure mercury products include linear and CFLsAvailable for the organization of domestic lighting systems in residential, office and workrooms.
In form they can be circular, linear, U-section and standard.
Low-pressure devices are best manifested at ambient temperature 18-25 ° C. Deviations from these figures is bad for the work, reducing the saturation, brightness and strength of light stream
The spectral colors are higher than traditional incandescent bulbs. The emission temperature is dominated by natural hues.
Products low pressure produce a uniform, soft, non-irritating eye light reaching saturation of 75 lm / W. Their service life can be up to 10 000 hours
In reproach devices put on the temperature dependence of the environmental indicators, inability to DC power and the effect of the periodic pulsation.
Read more about the device, the advantages and disadvantages of fluorescent lamps, see the this article.
№2 - the differences of high pressure lamps
The main representative of the class of high-pressure discharge devices are mercury arc lamps (DRL) General and highly specialized applications.
The first assembled into modules for the organization of outdoor lighting systems, while the latter are used in some industrial sectors, medicine and agriculture.
In classical XRD bulbs for correcting the color of the emitted flux used phosphor coating. It is applied to the inner surface of the bulb, providing a more intense, high-quality light
Power devices is in the range from 50 to 1000 watts. Lamps are suitable for general lighting of highways, streets, houses adjoining areas, indoor and outdoor playgrounds, shops, warehouses and other facilities that do not provide a permanent stay of people.
In the same class there are more progressive mercury-tungsten lamp. Have similar performance, but from simple mercury differ in that the mercury-tungsten lamp can properly connect to the network without the ballast.
This feature provides a tungsten filament. She plays two roles at the same time: being a filament light source in parallel is also stop the electric current.
Arc metal halide lamps (DRI) Also belong to the category of mercury lamps. Their main difference lies in the special radiating additives, which greatly increase the luminescence efficiency.
to connect metal halide lamps to the power supply circuit must be embedded in a throttling element.
Flask Metal is ellipsoidal or cylindrical. Inside, there is not a standard quartz torch, and more efficient and reliable ceramic
Lamps of this type are relevant for the illumination of buildings, historic sites and architectural buildings, sports arenas, soccer fields, shopping, advertising and exhibition halls in both indoor and outdoor located on air.
Metal mercury modules with a reflective layer (Drize) In functionality similar to DRI-devices. However, due to the dense layer mirror coating capable of giving a saturated light beam which can be directed to a specific region.
Products Drize maximally effective in low or poor visibility. With their help it is easy and convenient to illuminate specific objects to which you want to draw attention
Mercury quartz tube lamps (DRT) Are in the form of elongate flask cylinder, wherein arranged at the ends of the working electrodes. They are used for UV-curing, photocopying papers and other uzkotehnologicheskih purposes.
№3 - the nuances of ultrahigh-pressure units
Ball apparatus mercury-quartz type (DRSh) Belong to the class of ultra-high-pressure lamps. Specific rounded bulb shape enables output of intense radiation at a relatively low base power and compact size.
To work DRSh device requires power supply. It helps activate the lamp and performs the initial ignition burner
Scope of such units is much narrower. Usually they are operated in projection systems and diversity of laboratory equipment, such as a powerful microscopes.
Shades of radiation devices
Within the product contains mercury phosphor. Thanks to his presence, the outgoing light stream is saturated with bright shade as close as possible to the natural white color.
Neutral tone in lamps light stream can be obtained as a result of mixing radiation correct gas substances present in the bulb, with phosphor components
Mercury vapors are concentrated in vnutrikolbovom space, able to regenerate not only naturally-white, but also colored light, for example, orange, green, purple or blue.
Advantages and disadvantages of mercury lamps
Some experts called mercury light sources are technically obsolete and recommended to reduce their use not only in domestic, but also for industrial purposes.
However, this opinion is somewhat premature discharge lamps, it is too early to write off. After all, there are places where they manifest themselves at the highest level and provide a bright, high-quality light with a reasonable consumption.
Pros HID modules
In mercury-specific positive qualities of light sources, which are quite rare in other lamp products.
They include such items as:
- high and efficient light output during the entire operation period - from 30 to 60 lumens per 1 Watt;
- A wide range of capacities on classical kinds of caps E27 / E40 - from 50 W to 1000 W, depending on the model;
- prolonged service life in a broad temperature range of ambient medium - up to 12 000-20 000 hours;
- good frost resistance and correct operation even at low rates thermometer;
- the ability to use light sources without connecting gear - important for tungsten and mercury devices;
- compact size and good strength of the body.
The most out of high-pressure devices to demonstrate street lighting systems. Excellent manifest themselves within the illumination of large indoor spaces and outdoor areas.
Cons of mercury-containing products
As with any other technical element in mercury discharge module, there are some drawbacks. This list contains just a few items that must be considered when organizing the lighting system.
The first negative - a weak level of color RaNot exceeding 45-55 units on average. For illumination of premises and offices is not enough.
Therefore, in places presenting the increasing demands of the spectral composition of light stream mercury lamps mounted impractical.
Mercury devices are not able to convey the full range of tint of the color spectrum of human faces, interior elements, furniture and other small items. But outside this deficiency is almost imperceptible
Low threshold of readiness for inclusion also does not add to the attractiveness. To enter in the full glow mode, the lamp will have to be warmed up to the desired level.
Typically, it takes between 2 to 10 minutes. As part of the street, shop, industrial or electrical engineering is a big deal has not, but at home turns into a significant disadvantage.
If at the time of operation warmed lamp suddenly turns off due to low voltage or due to other circumstances, turn it just did not seem possible. First, the device must be completely cool and then it will reactivate.
Ability to adjust the brightness of light supplied from the offline products. For their correct operation necessarily requires a certain electrical supply mode. All deviations occurring therein adversely affect the light source and at times reduce its working life.
Problem Currently functioning mercury elements - the base mode and the subsequent start of rated output operation parameters. It was at this time, the device receives the maximum load. The fewer activations feels light, the longer and more reliable than it is
An alternating current acts on the gas-lighting extremely negative, and eventually leads to occurrence of flicker with a network frequency of 50 Hz. Eliminate the unpleasant effect of using electronic ballasts, which entails extra material costs.
Assembly and installation of the lamps should be strictly according to the scheme developed by qualified experts. When installing, use only high-quality components of the thermal resistant to severe operational stresses.
In use mercury modules in residential and business premises flask is desirable to close the special cover glass. At the time of the sudden explosion of light or short-circuit it will protect people who are nearby, from trauma, burns and other injuries.
What is the danger for humans?
Violation of the integrity of the bulb is a big problem, because the mercury entering the environment, harm to all around.
The failed product can not be stored in the home and is not suitable for release into the regular trash.
"Dispose of properly" environmental project launched in the northern districts of Russia. The event on the streets of the cities placed special containers where people can put their resources spent mercury and fluorescent light bulbs
product must be taken proper disposal in accordance with accepted standards. Doing this may only organizations that have a special license.
Their duties include receiving tubes of the population, transportation, storing them in a warehouse equipped with sealed boxes, and subsequent disposal.
The processing carried out by methods such as:
- amalgamation;
- Decontamination;
- heat treatment;
- high-temperature firing;
- on vibropnevmatike technology.
The most appropriate option destruction chooses recovery. All subsequent steps are carried out strictly according to instructions regulating the process.
somewhat differently organized in small towns Russia recycling program. There once a month in some places leaves special vehicles, and employees of authorized companies shall take the population spent light sources with toxic content
In the early autumn of 2014 the Russian Federation signed the international treaty - Minamatskoy convention on mercury. According to the information contained there in 2020 all mercury-containing products are banned for manufacture, import and export.
Among the light sources under that provision are subject metal vapor high-pressure mercury lamps, in particular, the modules marked with DRI and XRD.
Review of the best models on the market
Since the bulbs fitted toxic mercury advantageously used in outdoor lighting systems covered industrial and technical areas, and in the home is rarely used, their appearance is different originality.
Location # 1 - brand Osram bulb
Even reputable brands stick to the classics and do not consider it necessary to give the instrument an unusual shape and a complex configuration.
Devices mercury type can be installed in the garage. They will provide a stable and bright stream of light, helps concentration
mercury modules HQL StandartManufactured at the enterprises OsramThey are reliable and are not afraid of intense operational loads. Power range greatly begins with 50 W, and ends 1000 watts.
For correct connection of lamps and the subsequent normal operation requires installation of the ballast.
mercury type instruments from the German brand Osram lighting suitable for large-scale storage and production premises where the maximum requirements for the emission brightness, and so hard to level color no complaints
Products produced with teardrop matte flask equipped with a phosphor coating and socket E27 / E40. Inner torch made of durable quartz.
Apparatus less power to 125 W, transmitting the neutral-white light, and the modules of 250 W and up produce slightly more natural daylight.
Bulbs Osram, made on a mercury-tungsten-based, all the characteristics are superior to the usual discharge. Their lifespan is much longer and wider field of application. The second parameter is caused by enhanced luminescence spectrum color modules.
With a power of 160 W products produce light at 3600 K, close to warm tones. Whiter shade of 3800 K lamps provide 250 watts. And only 500 watt provides a neutral white light at 4000 K.
These modules are suitable for creating an attractive, bright and spectacular lighting in parks, open spaces and inner-city malls, recreational areas, concert halls and other places of mass, but no permanent residence people.
Location # 2 - range of Philips
Mercury-containing lamps of Philips included in a series HPL-N. They are simple High-pressure discharge modules equipped with one or two auxiliary electrodes.
For the most part are used for decorating outdoor lighting outdoor areas, houses adjoining areas and other places of such a plan.
Inside the bulb, bulb portion Philips quartz burner is a high pressure, filled with mercury vapor and argon mixture. Light stream outputted depending on the capacity of 1800 lumens at 50W and device to LM 58500 from BT module 1000
Feature articles is that they do not lose time on the ignition, and immediately after activation provide uniform, bright, high-quality space lighting.
Luster satin bulb manufactured in two versions:
- SG - low-melting glass with the phosphor coated in three layers;
- HG - hard glass, sometimes containing some quartz - demonstrates the increased resistance to record high temperatures.
SG-elements are used for low and medium power lamp, and HG is used in the modules from 500W to 1000W.
Tint range of light sources is 3900-4200 K. These figures indicate a neutral glow shade close to natural. Firm guarantee is given for 1 year.
AT ML series includes innovative mercury-tungsten lamp with phosphor coating vnutrikolbovym. Their distinguishing feature - a uniform, intense and bright beam of light with a high-level color reproduction.
Produced with caps E27 / E40 and have a base power of 100, 160, 250 and 500 watts.
With the help of mercury-tungsten ML modules can be created in the local area nice looking, aesthetic, economical and long-lasting coverage
light stream temperature varies between 3400-3700 K. Lamps of this type can be called one of the warmest in its class. They are easy to use, not only for street lighting, but also for large shops, concert halls and shopping malls.
Place # 3 - Offer brand Delux
The young and promising Ukrainian brand DeluxRegistered in 2005, it is successfully competing with foreign producers. The main company brand are located on industrial sites in China.
The high level of workmanship and impeccable build quality make the lamp Delux relevant and in demand.
mercury type Delux module provides a powerful light stream with a good level of dispersion. Firm guarantee is given for 12 months, subject to the basic rules and operating conditions specified in the accompanying documents
Standard products are presented line GGY and designed for efficient outdoor use. Working bulb has a slightly elongated teardrop shape.
Metal, E27 models are equipped with a power of 125 watts. Other products are equipped with a ground element E40. their power range is in the range 250-1000 watts.
More progressive series of mercury-tungsten instrument GYZ It includes modules E27 / E40 with a working capacity of 160, 250 and 500W.
Product reliability and long serve for the entire time producing a dense and intense beam of light with optimal color rendering.
Conclusions and useful videos on the topic
Looks like and works of the mercury lamp type, manufactured at the production facilities of the German company Osram. Detailed examination of the package, a description of said digital symbols and letter abbreviations:
About Mercury modules DRL-type in all the details. An overview of the products from Philips, the nuances of ways to connect to the cartridge and particularly the subsequent operation:
The story of the lamp recycling products such as mercury. Why is it important that this process is carried out by professionals and always with a special profile equipment:
Mercury bulb type is used more widely enough, however, this time gradually comes to an end. With the market being squeezed them more advanced, cost-effective, aesthetically attractive and safe device.
However, not too high cost and long life still play a role, often forcing buyers for old time's sake give preference to mercury-containing devices.
Have experience in the use and disposal of mercury lamps? Or do you want to ask questions on the topic? Please comment on the publication and participate in discussions. the feedback unit is located below.
