Criteria for selection of LED lamps 220V: Parameter overview

Incandescent lamps are disappearing. The reason for this was the low efficiency and short life compared to current light sources. Now at the peak of popularity - 220V LED lamps, which have many advantages. In the vast range of LED-devices difficult to understand without training. Do you agree?

We will talk about how to choose the diode lamps for home lighting network optimization. In our proposed article described in detail the types and characteristics of LED devices. Dana transcript labeling, provides recommendations to help you find the right option.

Device features LED lamps

Modern LED-lamps are more complicated than their predecessors from the filament. LEDs for operation requires a number of electronic components that are located on the PCB.

All components are hidden within a compact housing. Themselves as light sources occupy a minimal amount of space in the luminaire.

Construction a standard LED-lamp includes the following components:

1. The light diffuser made of plastic. It facilitates uniform distribution of the light flow in all directions around a lamp.
2. PCB with capacitors, voltage transformers and other electronic components.
3. LEDs. Their number and operating voltage is in strict accordance with the built-in electronic circuitry.
4. Aluminum radiator designed to dissipate heat in high-power lamps.
5. Ventilation slots that provide passive cooling and the LED board.
6. Cap, by means of which the lamp is mounted in the luminaire.

Thus, the LED bulb - a device with a complex internal structure. It is demanding to the external temperature and the supply voltage.

Types of LED light sources

All LEDs can be divided into two broad categories: the indicator and lighting. The first type is used in electrical engineering for illumination of instrument panels, displays, alarm indication, and also to other devices without requiring a large luminous flux.

A lighting LEDs are used as times for domestic LED-lamps. Such lamps can be classified by purpose, the external structure and the type of radiation sources.

Field use

LED-lamp capture more technological niches. They are used in consumer electronics, industrial and commercial equipment.

The principal applications of LED lamps are:

1. Street lighting.
2. High-performance spotlight.
3. Lighting of industrial buildings and apartments.
4. Agriculture. Used lamp has a radiation spectrum able to initiate photosynthesis.
5. Car lights.
6. Backlight products in shopping windows.
7. Lighting space in explosive environments.

A large number of fields of use of LED-lighting due to differences in the characteristics of the LEDs and their emitted spectrum. Constantly developing innovative lamp types, which allow to occupy new market niches.

In appearance

One reason for the prevalence of LED-lamps - the minimum size of the semiconductor chips. Because of this, they can acquire the most diverse form.

The main structures LED-lamps are:

1. Classical performance by type of incandescent lamp socket. Such lamps usually contain several different directions LEDs.
2. "Corn". This lamp has the form of a cylinder, plastered on all sides by LEDs.
3. Ribbon-shaped LED-lamps, in which the individual crystals successively arranged on a narrow thin substrate.
4. Projectors with one large glowing crystal.
5. Spot ceiling lights.
6. The flat panel LED-circular, rectangular, or of arbitrary shape.

The small size and simplicity of the LEDs to the installation site allows to make on the basis of their design lights of unusual shape. A low heating LED-lamp does not preclude their placement near gypsum and plastic surfaces.

According to the type of light-emitting diodes

Lighting LEDs are separated by their physical structure into several types, each of which has its own characteristics and prevailing application.

LED-lamps are made of three basic types:

1. SMD (surface mounted LEDs).
2. COB (chip unit).
3. Filament (LED string).

At the surface mounted LEDs low luminosity, but they can be self-brazed to any surface without fear of overheating.

Therefore, they are often used in the manufacture of LED strips and portable lights. Radiation angle in SMD-LEDs is 90-130 degrees, so to illuminate the entire room is required around the lamp radial layout of the crystals on the bottom.

COB-LEDs are crystals with high luminosity, arranged on a metallic substrate. It is designed to dissipate heat generated during operation.

The angle of radiation devices on the chip close to 180 degrees, so they are poorly suited to a focused light. COB used in the manufacture of projectors and premium lamps.

LED filaments are a series of tiny crystals sequentially placed on the glass fiber. Sometimes other transparent materials are used instead of glass. This structure makes it possible to make a circular uniform lighting.

The main problem of high-power LED is a small overheating, which reduces their service life and the level of light output.

Advantages and disadvantages of LEDs

More recently, at the top of popularity were fluorescent lamps, but in a few years, they have been superseded by LED-lamps.

Recent years, LED lighting has won the lion's share of the market thanks to many consumer advantages, among which are the following:

1. economy. New LED-lamps consume 9-10 times less energy than similar luminous flux of an incandescent lamp.
2. Durability. A period of continuous service of good LEDs is calculated in years, although their luminosity and somewhat reduced over time.
3. high efficiencyWhereby the lamp virtually no heat.
4. Security. If damaged LED-lamp is not formed sharp splinters and no harmful substances. The emitted UV flux is absent.
5. Possibility of regulation color temperature.
6. high strengths LEDs.
7. Regulation brightness.
8. operability a wide temperature range.
9. A wide range of. The possibility of producing lighting devices of any shape.

The numerous advantages of LED lamps contribute to a massive shift of consumers to these light sources.

However, LED-lamps have its drawbacks, to be aware of when purchasing:

1. Expensiveness. The cost of the cheap LED-lamp is 4-5 times higher than incandescent lamps.
2. Using matte flasks impairs visual effects of crystal chandeliers.
3. Plummeting luminosity with regular overheating.
4. Light flicker in low-cost models, which adversely affects the vision and overall health.
5. Pointedness of light, which makes use radial arrangement of the LEDs.
6. Cheap electronic components LED-lamps are broken faster than fuses crystal, which reduces the actual service life.
7. Incorrect work when connected to a switch with indicator.

Despite the shortcomings of LED lamps, the population continues to buy them. The real savings are achieved only in 3-4 years, and only when the performance of the acquired lamps. Therefore, the appropriateness of their purchase is worth more to evaluate.

Choosing LED lamps on the characteristics

Operation of LED lamps with 220V voltage is characterized by more than ten technical parameters. Awareness about them will buy lamps that will best meet the needs of light and ensure long-term operation of the LEDs.

Luminous flux

Analyzing the light output of lamps is possible both in nominal units (lumens), and relative (lumen / watt). The greater the power LED, the brighter the emitted light beam.

However, an important relation to the luminous flux 1 W consumed energy.

It differs from different manufacturers:

• in European, Japanese and Chinese specialties - 110-125Lm / W;
• from cheap Chinese - 60-80Lm / W;
• from major international suppliers, using COB technology - 180-190Lm / W.

Buy LED lamps, carefully examining recommended characteristics of devices. Worth paying attention with the higher luminous flux of 1 W of power. They are economical, durable, and are not much more expensive.

Consumption maximum power

On the level of power consumption of LED-lamps is directly dependent of the emitted light beam. As part of a lineup, this dependence is almost linear.

Because the LEDs themselves take up little space in the lamp, its capacity can easily be increased without changing the body shape is only due to the growth of crystals.

But since the ultimate purpose of buying lamps is still a sufficient level of illumination in the room, it is sometimes better to buy one expensive LED-reliable device than the two cheapest. Their luminous flux will be equal, and power consumption - vary twofold.

The level of the color temperature

On the level of color temperature LED-lamp shade depends on their emitted light. It can vary from yellow to white. Each color has a different effect on the person. Lamps with warm amber have 2600-3200K temperature and promote relaxation. They are recommended to buy for the home.

Lamps with 6000K temperatures are cool white with a blue tint, and increase efficiency. They are placed in offices, industrial buildings, as well as a work desk.

There are lamps that emit neutral white light. Their temperature is 3700-4200K and they provide an emission spectrum maximum approximate to daylight.

Kind of the lamp cap

When changing bulbs in LED is important to pay attention to cap diode device. The most common options for screw-E27 and E14, as well as with 2 pins - GU5.3, GU10 and GU13. When buying is recommended to take your old lamp to the store, show them to the seller, so he suggested the appropriate LED model.

Manufacturers of LED-lamps have taken care of the owners of the old fluorescent tubes. For them available LED counterparts to replaceWhich have the same dimensions and connectors. They can be incorporated into the body of existing fixtures.

Operating temperature range

LED-lamps are susceptible to overheating, so it is important to take into account their operating temperature written on the packaging.

On heating lamps is influenced by the following factors:

1. The presence of the lamp cap.
2. The temperature in the room.
3. Distance to ceiling spotlights fixed on the drywall.
4. The presence of aluminum radiator in the lamp.
5. Short term temperature rise in the room, such as in the kitchen during cooking.

For operation at elevated temperatures sold LED lamp special design. It is recommended to buy them to avoid the negative influence of overheating on the LED if desired.

Pulsation light flux

Light quality LED lamps should not even throb, because the flashing with a frequency below 300Hz have a negative impact on human health. Determine the light flux instability in several ways.

The first method is visual: it is necessary to look at the lamp directly or peripheral vision. In the second method for induced smartphone lamp chamber and is defined by its blinking on the screen.

Ripple is determined mainly in low-cost models, equipped with a simple control unit. Dear lamps such drawback have not.

Degree of protection housing

As long as LED lamps are used, which operate around the clock. Therefore, the maximum efficiency can be achieved by lighting fixtures placed on the street. However, they must be protected against moisture and dust to their internal electronic components are not out of order.

Filling LED-lamps for outdoor use must be well insulated from the outside environment. For outdoor lighting will be sufficient degree of protection IP54 or higher. These lamps can withstand heavy rain and dusty wind.

The angle of dispersion of the light beam

LEDs are always attached to the substrate, which prevents the penetration of light on its reverse side. Therefore, without special devices emitting one crystal can only effectively illuminate the space ahead.

To increase the light angle scattering using special caps. But there are also LEDs on glass fibers or transparent substrates, allowing evenly illuminate all the surrounding space.

The lanterns, conversely, narrow LED beam is necessary, which is achieved primarily due to a special reflector. Therefore, the choice of form LED-lamp should be carried out only after the determination of the desired angle of the luminous flux.

Tips for choosing LED-lamps

When buying LED-devices it is important to pay attention both to their technical characteristics, as well as a number of other nuances.

Presented tips will help to buy a quality lamp, which will last a long time and is comfortable to the eye.

1. The packaging LED-lamps should be no sign of the ripple.
2. The luminous flux must be greater than that of the replaced incandescent bulbs.
3. It is recommended to compare the same wattage glow more in the store.
4. In the presence of the switch with indicator preferably pre ensure correct operation with them LED-lamps.
5. Ceiling lamps with a small angle dissipation of light can dazzle the eye.
6. It is recommended to buy bulbs in large stores that provide a minimum guarantee of 2 years.

It is advisable to purchase lights only known producers because of cheap products little-known brands often do not correspond to the stated on the packaging characteristics.

Marking of LED devices

Common labeling LED-lamp does not exist. Each manufacturer puts in its model name Legend.

But there are some common abbreviations, which are applied to the lamp, regardless of their type:

1. E27, E14, E40 - screw-cap and the diameter in mm.
2. GU5.3, GU10 and GU13 pin base and the size in mm between the contacts.
3. A, C, R, CA, CF, G, P, S, T - a cap shape.
4. A, A +, A ++ - degree of efficiency.
5. 2700K-6000K - color temperature.

general specifications are also displayed on the lamp housing, typical electrical appliance: voltage and frequency, operating temperature, power, life in hours, the level of light and other options.

Leading manufacturers of LED-lamps

Manufacturers of LED-products from around the world value their image, because lamps tend to produce the parameters, which are fully consistent with the stated.

The best manufacturers of premium LED lamps are:

• Philips;
• Osram;
• Eurolamp;
• Gauss.

Prices for the products listed companies the highest, but also the quality of fixtures excellent.

The average price segment in the manufacture of LED-lamps take the following companies:

• Feron;
• camelion;
• Jazzway;
• Estares;
• Era;
• Navigator;
• Ecola;
• OptoGaN.

These companies tend to use in the production of low cost components without compromising the quality of the strong. Often their lamps break in the first days of operation, but replaced under warranty with no problems.

Buy LED-products of little-known Chinese and domestic brands are not recommended because of their warranty period is rarely more than 4-6 months. In addition, it is not important brand image, and thus it is possible to freely use in the production of second-rate components.

Conclusions and useful videos on the topic

Comparative reviews - a great opportunity to compare the characteristics of different types of lamps to choose the best solutions.

Video # 1. Design and operation of LED-lamps:

Video # 2. Choose manufacturer of LED lamps:

Choosing a reliable LED-lamps - is not easy. Poor understanding in their technical characteristics, it is easy to buy low-quality or simply the wrong model. Therefore, the purchase of LED lights need to start only after careful consideration of the nature and get acquainted with the details on the parameters of the package.

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