Arrangement of shrubs and treesSpring. The second half is the onset of active sap flow, kidney swelling. Gardeners waiting for a lot of things that need to have time to complete before the onset of greenery. Cleaning up shrubs and trees.
Winter shelters are being taken off the plants, raspberries and blackberries are being untied. The soil is weeded, loosened, at the same time removing dry, old and broken branches. While the kidneys are not awake, raspberries are tied up on a trellis in such a way that the branches are well lit by the sun. This greatly facilitates the care of shrubs and allows you to get a harvest of sweet berries much earlier.
Damaged branches of fruit trees are removed, dead bark is carefully peeled off. Wounds inflicted by rodents during the winter should be healed with garden pitch. Hollows to clean thoroughly, treat with diluted copper sulphate( 50 g per 1 l of water), and then cover with cement. For cancer wounds, use prepared putty from nigrol, melted paraffin, rosin, mixed in a ratio of 6: 2: 2, respectively. The composition is applied to the wound, fixing a gauze bandage.
The space between the bushes, the trees are cleared of fallen leaves and branches. All trash is stored in a compost pile or burned.
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Before the start of sap movement, you need to have time to prune, remove damaged, dry branches and form a crown, shortening long shoots. Cut-off areas with a diameter of more than 8 mm are covered with garden pitch.
Pruning stone trees( plums, cherries) preferably in the fall. Due to the strong spring gum, any putty is washed off under the pressure of the juice.
When pruning shrubs, first remove all branches lying on the ground. Each bush is subjected to thorough inspection. Swollen kidneys resembling kegs are a sign of a kidney tick settled in them. They are subject to mandatory removal. Such kidneys pluck and burn. If the entire branch is affected, it is cut off at the very base. From shoots damaged by powdery mildew, glass, you need to get rid of. 
A plant that is more than 10 years old, it needs to be rejuvenated by removing some old branches. You can distinguish them by thick, peeling bark of a darker color than the rest.
Trees on which lichens have formed should be treated with 4% iron sulphate. It is important to do this before bud break.
Fertilization
In spring, garden plants need additional feeding. The choice of fertilizer for the garden depends on which of them were applied in the autumn. If it was organic, phosphoric, potash, then in April only nitrogen is used. If the autumn dressing was not carried out, you will need to make complex fertilizers - Azofosku, Nitroammofosku. Having determined the norms that are usually indicated on the package, the granules are scattered evenly over the snow.
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Planting trees
Early spring is the right time to plant seedlings. This is best done in April. How planted, depends on their survival rate and the number of fruits collected in the future. If the actions are performed incorrectly, the tree may die.
Basic landing rules:
- Pit for seedling is prepared for 2 weeks. Humus or compost is introduced into it — 2–3 buckets in each.
- A stake is attached to the bottom of the pit to which the seedling is tied.
- The roots are covered with more fertile, nutritious soil, carefully smoothing them so that they do not form around voids.
- When backfilling the soil it is slightly crushed.
- When the roots are covered with earth by 10–15 cm, 2 buckets of water are poured under the seedling and the pit is completely filled.
- After planting, the peg is cut down to the first lower branches in the crown, so that they are not damaged by the wind.
Do not fall asleep fresh manure to the bottom of the landing pit! It is placed only in the top layer of soil.
Treating the garden from pests and diseases
As soon as the snow melts, the overwintered pests fill the garden. Saving plants from them, even before the buds swell, they must be treated with insecticides. For this purpose, a solution of nitrafen is used, diluting 300 g in 10 l of water. No less effective karbofos, Int-Vir and other insecticides. They are sprayed with not only the branches, but also the soil in the near-stem circle. Having found the shield on the branches of trees and shrubs of the smallest pest, bark is smeared with vegetable oil. When heated by sunlight, it clogs the insect, causing its death.
Shtamby should be whitened with hydrated lime( 3 kg per 10 liters of water), to which ½ kg of copper sulphate is added. To increase stickiness, clay or mullein is mixed into the solution.
Protection from spring frosts
During the period when the ovaries form, the buds bloom, the gardener has to protect the plants from the frosts that still occur at this time. One of the most accessible methods is smoke. Creating a smoke screen allows you to retain heat accumulated by the soil during the day. It can be provided using pre-cooked brushwood, fallen leaves, peat.
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The necessary garden work carried out in April will allow you to unload and make less stressful May - the most laborious month for the gardener.
Seasonal work in April - video
