; peachthe tree, its spring flowering and abundant harvest is the privilege of the southernmost regions of the country. Since the middle of the last century, breeders and amateurs are promoting culture in the middle lane. Peach can press apricots in country gardens, because it is more resistant to returnable frosts, and seedlings from the stone inherit maternal qualities. Fifty fans of the Moscow region have been cultivating peach in bush form for more than 10 years. Description of the peach tree
Garden varieties come from the common peach, shrub or single-stem form. The height of the tree can reach 9 meters, but spreading trees of 3-4 meters are more common. The peach root system is superficial, it is in the fertile layer up to 70 cm. Peaches like heat, light, and abundant watering. Fruit tree for 20 years, starting from the second year after rooting.
Peach Tree is a cross-pollinated species. Several nearby growing varieties will increase the fruiting of each, especially if you create a conveyor of fruits from July to September, collecting specimens of different ripening periods. Sleepiness in peaches is low.
Frost-resistant peach trees can not be named. They lose part of the roots during winter frosts -25, if they last more than three days. Day roots sustain severe frost 30-35 degrees. A small dormant period awakens a tree during the wintery rastepel occurring in the winter.
A gentle peach difficult to endure wintering. Crohn does not withstand frost -20 without shelter, while fruit buds and last year’s growth are dying. He consoles that the peach tree has a great self-healing ability and within a year the frost-bitten tree will bloom again.
Read also: Prevention of peach leaf curl
Agricultural technology of peach for each climatic zone
It is common to grow peach trees in climates with a mild climate. In this form a cup-shaped, penetrated by the rays of the sun, the crown of trees located at a distance of at least 3 meters.
For areas with cold winters, bush form and thickened landings are more suitable. Here form the fruit links of the lower shoots. Low branches are easy to cover in the winter, ensuring the safety of fruit buds.
Only saplings of zoned and recommended peach varieties should be purchased. A good result is obtained by gardeners who grow a tree from a peach bone of a local variety.
Peach care year-round, and includes techniques to create the conditions for long-term annual fruiting. Therefore, peach farming in the Caucasus and in the Moscow region include one operation, but they are carried out according to different technology:
- planting dates and varieties;
- forming a young and fruiting tree;
- watering and feeding;
- protection against pests and diseases;
- preparation for wintering and spring awakening of a tree.
Each of these activities is based on practical techniques that help the demanding tree to survive in hostile conditions.
How to grow a fruiting peach tree in the suburbs
Research conducted by scientists of the Botanical Garden, who studied the experience of gardeners in the suburbs in growing peaches, made some conclusions:
- Seedlings grown from seeds of local varieties retain maternal qualities if taken from their own peaches. Seedlings from stocks are fruitless.
- Proper peaches are more resistant to local conditions.
- It is proposed to form a fruit tree so as to give a bush form, leaving mostly young growth.
- Trees need to be planted so that in the middle of winter they can be covered. From the north wind create a screen even in the summer.
- Use seedlings grafted on almonds and plum. Apricot Zhardel for a peach - an unsuccessful stock.
For gardeners, Moscow Region lovers are encouraged to purchase seedlings of zoned varieties from local nurseries. So far there are only 29 varieties, but breeding work continues.
How to care for a peach tree? An example of proper agricultural technology for the middle band is Kostetsky amateur garden. The harvest from each of the 20 peaches in 2011 amounted to 30 kg per tree. Such results he received, adapting to the requests of the southerners for 20 years.
Recommendations for those who are interested in growing peaches in the suburbs:
- Planting several varieties of seedlings with a hole spacing of 3x4 meters.
- Spring cutting of dry, weak, non-bearing branches. After flowering requires thinning, removal of excess ovaries, then the fruits reach 150-200 g of weight.
- Protection - 4 times in spring spraying with 1% of copper sulfate against leaf curl, perforated spot.
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Fertilizer gardener plants all year round. A year later, 3 kg / sq.m of the area of humus in a mixture of superphosphate and potassium salt to the entire area of the garden in autumn. In early spring, fertilize with liquid organics annually. In winter, more than half a bucket of wood ash is poured into each well. In the spring, when the buds swell, 300 g of complex fertilizer is added to the stem, filled with 5-6 buckets of water. After flowering, liquid 10% organic matter is added to the tree trunk in the amount of 3-4 buckets. In August, top dressing is repeated with the addition of a superphosphate cup of half a cup.
In the fall, when the foliage falls, each tree gets another 10 buckets of water. Then the ground is mulched with humus. Near the trunk there is always space to prevent diaper rash.
Obtaining a peach seedling from an
seed If you take a seed from a local peach variety, it will give the seedling its resistance to climatic features, size and taste of the mother fruit. How to grow peach bones? You can grow at home in a pot. To do this, you need to hold the bone in the water for 4 days, then remove it, chop the bone, and put the nucleolus in a pot.
Read also: Magic jam from everyone's favorite peach
For spring planting of peaches it is necessary to carry out an artificial stratification in winter. In a cool place, the bone is stored all winter in wet sand. In the spring, the bone will burst, a seedling will appear, it must be arranged in a tub.
It is possible to lay out the bones from autumn into well prepared soil at a distance of 10 cm. In the spring they will ascend, by autumn they will reach a height of 1.5 m, they will give side branches. Then they are seated in the prepared landing pits.
In the fall, young plants are planted without pruning the upper branches, but they shorten the roots slightly. In the spring, on the contrary, pinch the tops, starting the formation of a tree.
Spring - the most crucial period in the care of peach
Nature awakens. It was at this time that the gardener begins to suffer peach protection from pests and diseases, and pruning to form the future harvest.
Care for spring peach is the timely release of branches and roots from the protective cover, so as not to create trunk diaper rash. At the same time it is necessary to carry out protective measures, carry out feeding in accordance with the schedule. As soon as the flower buds begin to swell, it takes time for the gardener to form the crown for 3 weeks. The event is responsible, requiring practical skills and well-sharpened tools. How to properly prune peaches in the spring, watch the video for beginners:
The main goals of spring pruning:
- to save the tree from the fattening branches;
- free access to sunlight for fruiting shoots;
- remove old branches, on which there are few fruitful shoots.
It must be remembered that pruning is an operation during which you can weaken a tree. It should be as gentle as possible. Immediately after pruning, it is impossible to close a wet cut with a garden pitch. It is possible to put a protective layer in 3-4 days in order not to get gum treatment.
Only a well-groomed, strong tree can be a decoration of the garden and bring delicious fragrant fruit.
Spring Peach Pruning - Video
