A pass-through switch - the very name of this type of electrical device already shows their true purpose. The devices belong to the family of standard household switches, familiar to all owners of residential real estate.
Actually, the design of the devices looks like a traditional performance. The only difference is how to connect a loop switch, the circuit of the contact group of which is somewhat different.
Let's see together what rules should be followed by connecting a loop switch, and what actions should be abandoned.
The content of the article:
-
Pass-through switches
- The principle of operation of the single-key model
- How to make a real installation?
- Cross Constructions
- Circuit solutions for practical operation
- Touch Switch Models
- Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Pass-through switches
Convenience and practicality of this type of devices are obvious. Electric networks equipped with such communicators are operated more efficiently, since, in the end, energy is actually saved.
For example, to go through a long corridor at the entrance, the lighting turns on, and at the output it turns off. This function is realized by only two devices mounted at different ends of the corridor.
Here it is - a switch that actively increases the degree of competition with respect to its relative - the usual device. This seemingly slightly modified model gives the user more advantages.
If we compare the design with a conventional on / off device, the difference is noted in the number of working contacts of the devices. The design of the simple switch provides only closing / opening of two contacts.
The wiring for connecting the feed-through switch involves the creation of three working lines, of which one is common and the other two are cross-over. Thus, it becomes possible to control a section of an electrical circuit from various points.
All the subtleties of choice and types of pass-through switches are described. here.
The principle of operation of the single-key model
Actually, the principle of the function looks simple and straightforward. The change-over contacts existing in the structure in the first position close one circuit segment and open the other, and in the second position the change-over contacts the circuit is inverted.
The principle of operation of the device is a schematic view: L is the phase line of the electrical household network; N - electric zero line household network; C - common communication contact; P - flip communication contacts; 1 - one device; 2 - the second device
On the case of each branded switch always has a schematic diagram of its connection. For example, the user has a single-key device. It is necessary to include it in a simple control circuit of one lamp.
Detailed installation instructions for one-button switches are provided in this material.
If you refer to the installation scheme of the single-button walk-through switch that is contained on its case, the user's actions are as follows:
- A common line is connected to the first (C) contact.
- On the second (P) and third (P) contacts fail-over segments.
- Install two devices at previously scheduled points.
The flip contacts (P) of the two switches, which are identical in number, are connected to one another by conductors. The first (common - Common) contacts of two devices are connected - one with the phase wire, the second with the "zero" through the lamp lamp.
The operation of the circuit is tested as follows:
- The mounted section of the circuit provides voltage.
- Turn the key of the first switch to the "On" mode.
- The light comes on.
- Follow to the location of the second device.
- Change the current key position of the second device.
- The light turns off.
Now, if you do all the operations in the reverse order, the effect of the lighting system will be the same. This is the normal operation of the circuit.
How to make a real installation?
Before starting the installation of the apartment (or other) pass-through switch, it is recommended to draw a wiring diagram, something like this:
An example of creating a circuit for mounting a switch-through system of switches: N - neutral wire network; L - phase network wire; RK - junction box; PV1 - the first device; PV2 - the second device; 1,2,3 - contact groups
The current is supplied to the circuit section with the through switches, as a rule, through a standard junction box. Thus, the first step of the installation is the selection of the optimal place for the junction box, its installation and the supply of electrical wiring. The cable in the box output three-core (phase-zero-ground).
In addition to the installation of the junction box, there remains a natural need to prepare niches for the installation of the chassis of the through switches. For them also choose the most convenient places. Usually mounted devices next to the door entry boxes.
One of the possible options for installing communication with two devices is one at each of the access doors. This option is quite applicable for classic projects of residential and office buildings.
After completing the preparatory installation procedures, proceed to the connection of diluted conductor lines. The first is connected to any of the switches to its 1 pin (phase conductor).
Next, conduct the connection of conductors between the flip contacts. The last line connects the zero to the remaining free first contact of the second switch. It remains to apply voltage to the assembled circuit (turn on the circuit breaker) and test the assembly for correct operation.
Cross Constructions
There is a modification of devices - cross switches. Structurally, they are devices with four contact switching. Their main purpose is to assist in the design of switching circuits for lamps and other devices from three or more control points.
Circuit design with a model of cross-action: 1 - a conventional switch; 2 - crossover switch; 3 - conventional switch; 4 - junction box; 5 - lamp lamp; N - network zero conductor; L - conductor phases
Meanwhile, for the implementation of such schemes with participation in the structure of cross-models, it is required to use ordinary through switches. Circuit implementation involves the inclusion of cross-versions consistently between a pair of ordinary pass-through switches. The cross model has a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals.
Read the details about mounting cross-switches Further.
Products for external (surface) installation and devices for use in networks of hidden wiring are produced. There is an extensive choice of load capacity, and the variety in color and design also does not limit user needs.
Circuit solutions for practical operation
The most commonly used schemes with connecting devices of through-action are, as a rule, schemes for one-, two-, keyboard shortcuts devices. Single-key option was discussed above.
A schematic version of the device system for five control points. There are three two-button switches and two single-button switches: N - network zero; L is the network phase; 1, 2 - switches; n - jumpers
Therefore, let's see how step-by-step instruction on how to connect a two-button instrument looks.
- It is necessary to schematically outline the installation of the system.
- Perform work on the installation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and podrozitnits.
- Install the required number of light groups.
- Lay the network taking into account the connection of the phase, zero, grounding conductors.
- Connect diluted conductors according to the scheme.
Attention should be paid not only to pure electrical installation work, but also to the work of the technical plan. For example, it is recommended to pay high attention to the installation of podroznits.
These elements must be securely fastened in the wall, so that in the future they will provide no less reliable fixing of devices.
There is a three-point communication system, which is based on the creation of a system that allows you to control a light group of three points separated by distance. Element base - three devices, of which two are passable keyboard and one - the cross.
A widespread version of the three-point scheme: N is an electric zero; L is the electrical phase; PV1 - the first two-key switch; PV2 - the second two-key switch; PV3 - cross switch
A peculiar connection instruction in this case looks like this:
- A wiring and pinout scheme is created.
- Work is underway on the installation of distribution box and sub-baseboxes.
- Three-core electric cables in the amount of 4 pcs.
- Wiring is made - connection according to the scheme.
This option to create a communication network looks somewhat complicated. As is clear even for cable management, you will have to deal, in total, with 12 conductors. 6 wires should be connected to regular loop-through switches, while 8 conductors should be connected to the cross switch.
A phase line is connected to the common terminal of any of the two-button switches. The light line group joins the common line of the second two-button switch. The remaining conductors are connected by contact numbers according to the schematic outline.
Touch Switch Models
In addition to keyboard and lever modifications on the market there are models of sensory performance. In fact, the functions of the devices are the same, but the principle of operation and the design are somewhat different.
Modern modification - a sensory model, which is characterized by a more convenient principle of operation. In addition, this type of household communicator has an increased service life, due to the absence of mechanics in the structure
There are two types of touch-sensitive switches:
- Sensory direct action.
- Touch with dimmers.
The first ones work on a direct, clear contact through a brief touch of a fingertip to the glass panel of the device. That is, only the on / off function is valid in this version. The second constructive option (dimmer) provides on and off with a smooth regulation of the brightness of the lamps.
To work with these devices requires the same touch of a finger, followed by keeping the fingertip on the glass until the desired brightness of the lamp is achieved.
View of the sensor device at the back, where the terminals for connection are located: COM - synchronization connector for work in tandem with other devices; L - contact under the network phase; L1 is the first output channel; L2 - second weekend channel
The schematic of sensor devices differs from devices of another design in that it contains one common (phase) terminal (L), two change-over (L1, L2) and one “COM” terminal.
Contact “COM” is used for communication between switches when building complex circuits. For example, with the management of three or more points in several zones of illumination. In this case, one light zone allowed load power of not more than 1 kW.
The classic version of the circuit layout with one touch device: N - electric zero; L is the electrical phase; L1 - the load of the first channel; L2 - load of the second channel
The simple organization of the control system with a single sensor device is as follows:
- The phase line is connected to terminal "L".
- Line "L1" forms one zone of illumination.
- Line "L2" forms the second zone of illumination.
If a group of devices is used, the phase contacts of the devices (L) are connected in parallel, plus the “COM” terminals connected to each other. All other terminals are switched off as standard depending on the number of switched light zones.
In order for the touch devices to function correctly, it is necessary to program them. In fact, we are talking about synchronization of all switches of the group. Programming is performed by the sequence:
- Touch the sensor for 5 seconds. before the beep (or the LED flashes).
- After the beep, remove the touch and proceed to the next instrument.
- Touch the sensor of the second device.
- If the LED on the front panel responded with short flashes, successfully.
- Cancel synchronization - touch the sensor for 10 seconds.
For sensor designs there are some limitations on installation.
For example, the maximum allowable distance from the switch to the switch should be at least 30 m.
We also recommend reading our other article, where we talked in detail about touch light switches, their varieties and labeling.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Theoretical information on how the installation takes place in the switch room:
These are the seriously modified electrical components that are familiar to all electrical switches. Now it is no longer just switches electrolamps, screwed into the chandelier cartridges.
These devices can be successfully used to control other objects. For example, performing work on raising and lowering curtains on the windows of an apartment.
If you had to install a switch in your own home, please share your experience with our readers. Tell us how you implemented this task in practice. Leave your comments in the box below. You can also ask questions about the topic of the article, and we will try to answer them promptly.
