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Diseases of quails are divided into three types: infectious, parasitic and non-contagious. Their description contains information on symptoms, methods of treatment and prevention of diseases.
Infectious diseases of quails are caused by pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, cocci, viruses) against the background of a decrease in the body's immune status and general resistance. Diseases of quails arise and develop more often if there is no vaccination or the plan of its carrying out is broken.
Newcastle disease (pseudochum)
Acute viral infectious disease of quails, characterized by instant death. Often takes place secretly. The organs of respiration, digestion, nervous system are affected. The source of the virus is a sick and sickly bird, infected litter, a feather, an egg. The incubation period is 2-15 days.
The symptomatic classification in the description of the quail disease indicates two forms:
- Typical form: the body temperature rises, coordination (paresis and paralysis) is impaired. There is weakness, enlargement of the goiter, flow from the mouth of the foul-smelling liquid, bloody diarrhea.
- Atypical form affects young growths, proceeds without characteristic signs.
In the chronic course of the disease, pay attention to croaking sounds. This symptom of quail disease is characteristic of pseudohemia.
Treatment: not developed. Due to the high contagiosity, it is not advisable to treat a sick bird. Conduct a replacement of the livestock.
A pronounced paresis at Newcastle's quail disease is depicted in the picture.
Pulloroz
Infection affects the quail, is caused by salmonella. It is characterized by damage to the intestines, internal organs, septicemia. The incidence is 2-6%, mortality - 80%.
The transmission factor is infected eggs of quails - salmonella carriers.
Symptoms: the incubation period is 1-6 days. The diseased young is weakened, stands with widely spaced legs, eyes are closed, breathing heavily. There is a discharge of whitish mucus stool. The fluff around the cloaca is stuck together, cloaca and cloacite are blocked. Young animals are dying.
It is necessary to avoid overheating of young animals, hypothermia, feeding of poor-quality food - this increases susceptibility.
Treatment: inappropriate because of salmonella. Quail young are discarded. Conduct a hematological analysis of breeding stock. Premises, incubators, eggs are disinfected.
Ornithosis
Chlamydia respiratory disease of quails. It affects other birds. Primarily, the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and conjunctiva are infected. Young growth is most susceptible.
Symptoms: the incubation period ranges from 3 days to 3 months. The clinical picture is poorly expressed. Patients with a quail are drowsy, weakened, and lose appetite. Sometimes there are expirations from the nose, paralysis. The disease ends with death as a result of cachexia (exhaustion)
Treatment: do not spend.
Ornithosis is susceptible to man.
Aspergillosis
Infectious disease of quail, caused by fungus aspergillius. Adult individuals suffer from a latent form.
Symptoms: youngsters are noted for shortness of breath, thirst, general weakness, cyanosis (blueing) of the beak and paws.
Treatment: specific. Includes antibiotic therapy, vitamin therapy, the use of antifungal drugs.
Before starting treatment, consult a veterinarian.
Smallpox smallpox
A contagious viral disease of quails, accompanied by fever, papular-pustular rash on the head, around the eyes and on mucous membranes.
Symptoms: their manifestation depends on the state of the immune system and skin. The eyelids, the beak (the appearance of warty growths, are affected by ospins). In the oral cavity, dipterotic overlays are found.
Treatment: enrich the feed with vitamin A. Potassium iodide is added to the drinking water. Conditionally healthy poultry is given drugs in the form of premixes with a set of broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Enrich the diet with vitamin A and carotene.
Parasitic diseases of quails
Parasitic diseases of quails are caused by parasitic organisms (helminths, insects, protozoa).
Mallfagoz
It develops when parasites on the bird body puhoperoida.
Symptoms: the bird is restless, constantly shaking. There is itching, falling out of the pen. As a result of the sawing, cannibalism appears.
Treatment: deacarization measures are carried out: the destruction of insects on the body of the bird and in the places where it is kept. Apply insect-acaricidal means: powders, aerosols, pyrethroid solutions.
Singamoz
Nematodeoznoe helminthic disease of quails. The parasite is located in the larynx, trachea and bronchi.
Symptoms: manifested laryngitis, tracheobronchitis, suffocation. A sick bird expresses a cough with phlegm, which can contain helminths.
Treatment: specific. With success, anthelmintics of a wide spectrum of action are used.
Every quarter it is recommended to carry out prophylactic deworming of the livestock.
"Quail blindness"
This eye disease of quails arises with a deficiency in the body of vitamin A. It is manifested by conjunctivitis, dry eyes, scaling around the eyes. Later photophobia develops, blindness develops. Eyes are often covered.
Treatment: apply complex vitamin preparations, premixes with the obligatory content of vitamin A. Increase the content of carotene in the diet.
Injury of the eye
Observed with a crowded poultry and excessive lighting, which is used to increase egg production. As a consequence, cannibalism develops, the incandescence and traumatism of the eye.
In traumatic eye diseases of quails and their treatment, the severity of the injuries is taken into account. In severe cases, the quail is discarded.
To avoid injury, follow the bird landing rules and shorten the duration of the light period.
Internal non-communicable diseases of quails
Hypovitaminosis
Disease of quails arises against the background of a lack in the body of birds of vitamins of group B, vitamins A, E, C.
Symptoms: develop dyspeptic phenomena of the digestive system, conjunctivitis, oppression, exhaustion. Mucous pale, feathers ruffled. With avitaminosis - death.
Treatment: replenishment of feed with vitamins. Vitamin sources: green forage, legumes, fodder yeast. Use ready-made quail food, premixes.
The description of the quail disease, presented above, indicates a direct relationship between the occurrence of diseases and the age of the bird (the young are more susceptible), and the conditions of feeding and maintenance.
