LED floodlights for street lighting

In the modern world there is no place for darkness. Wherever we are, be it a small village, a city or a megalopolis, all streets are illuminated and bright. Shops, bars, shop windows, billboards, institutions, all are framed with light in the evening. Lighting includes a function such as traffic safety, people.

If we talk about the statistics of incidents, then accidents happen at night, in places without lighting. Proper lighting makes it possible to freely walk along the street, go into the staircase, find the house that is required. Landscape and architectural lighting and illumination give the area a unique look and beauty.

A luminous diode is an element on semiconductors and its direct purpose will be to convert an electric current into a light emission. Its constituent elements are: a shell with two outputs, an optical concept, an adherent crystal.

The principle of operation and scope

The operation of the luminous diode of the searchlight is determined by the redistribution of positive and negative particles in the pn junction, as a result we see light. In other words, in the interaction of particles with different charges. Obviously, one should not think that using the pn junction, lighting will always be obtained. There are some nuances here.

A multilayer semiconductor structure is being prepared, the so-called heterostructure, where the forbidden width is formed zones in the LED region, almost equal to the energy of the visible light quanta and a high redistribution of positive and negative steam The crystal is applied without defects to produce radiation.

If you increase the current, the LED will light up much brighter, since there will be a greater number of positive and negative particles per unit time, in the redistribution zone. Too much increase in current can lead to overheating and damage the cell. This is due to the internal resistance of semiconductors.

The multilayer semiconductor structure was handled by a physicist-academician from Russia, Zhores Alferov. In 2000, he received the Nobel Prize for studying.

LED spotlights can be seen in private and multi-story buildings, squares, parks, tunnels, highways, railway platforms.

Some owners of cottages successfully apply them in highlighting their site. Using such products, we have two pleasures at once - it is to save the budget due to low power consumption, and come up with an unusual light frame. It can be a burning path, a fountain, borders, porches, etc.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pros:

1. Profitability. The LED produces 120 lumens per kW, and an incandescent lamp 50 lumens per 1 W.
2. No power overload when the outdoor lighting is on.
3. Low temperature operation (limit -60 degrees Celsius).
4. Duration of operation. Working 24 hours a day, the duration of operation is 15 years, 12 hours - 25 years.
5. Robust construction (no glass bottles in most models).
6. Reliability (not fire and explosive).
7. No flicker and noise.
8. Low inertia.
9. Large gamut of colors.
10. Environmental friendliness.
11. Easy to install.

Minuses:

1. High price.
2. They are afraid of overheating.
3. The possibility of metal getting on the crystal with the subsequent failure of the element.
4. They react to power surges (the case overheats).

Requirements:

1. The cantilever version is mounted on tensioned cables between the supports.
2. Reflex varieties and with a diffuser are installed on minor roads, their fastening is carried out on smaller posts.
3. Built-in lighting sources are used in billboards on the information board, in the plates of house numbers, street names.
4. Directional and diffused light sources are used in decorative lighting and architectural lighting.

Requirements for the performance of functions are governed by the rules and norms of SNiP, which have been changed since 2011, in connection with the introduction of a new type of lighting (LED).

Kinds

Floodlights

They are considered industrial, as with the presence of high power. These include lighting of sports complexes, parking lots, building facades. In small areas, such as cottages or houses, small spotlights are installed. The colors are white or colored and have different radiation angles.

Lanterns

Intended to illuminate intercity highways, roads. The power of 400 W lamps with reflectors allows you to illuminate a wide range of terrain. Less powerful (150-250 watts) illuminate secondary roads.

Duralight lamp

It looks like a transparent plastic tube or tapewhere many LEDs are located at intervals of 1.5-27 mm. Used in landscape design, highlight paths, trees, poles. Their connection is carried out by a special coupling, and are characterized by the duration of operation.

Duraflex

They are distinguished by their flexibility and water resistance.

Ruler

Flexible thin plastic tapehaving a silicone braid, where the LED elements are mounted. It has a safe voltage (12 V), the duration of operation.

Grid

Light network, in nodes LED elements. It is shockproof, bright, easy to install and economical. It serves as a decoration of the streets between the supports.

Selection Criteria and Specifications

Before you make a purchase, you should calculate the street lighting. This will give you the big picture. lamp type selection and modification. For example, if you light a gas station, you need to buy a console device. The curve of the luminous flux will enable uniform lighting.

To replace the flashlight RKU-250, you will need a device with a power of 90 watts. RKU-400-120 W. Yard territories, production facilities, it is permissible to use devices without such a property as the curve of the luminous flux type "D", it is much more economical.

Power is the main selection criterion for an individual object.

The next sign can be called the quality of the LEDs. All the work of the lighting device depends on them. The manufacturer, this is not the last link, it is worth remembering the effectiveness of the element, the mode of operation and the useful life.

And another indicator is the power factor of the power supply (1-0.97).

The LED has low power. If we talk about the LED, which is used for indication, its consumption is 2-4 V at a constant voltage, the current is 50 mA. Those devices that are used in street lighting differ in current, it is much higher (100mA-1A). If the elements in the circuit are assembled in series, the total voltage increases (12-24 V).

The polarity when connecting the device plays a major role, as it may be damaged. The manufacturer indicates the breakdown voltage, basically, it is 5 V per one element.

Luminous flux, axial luminous intensity and radiation pattern, characterizes the brightness of the element. Radiation in solid angle in various models is 4-140 degrees.

Color coordinates, radiation wavelength, color temperature determine the color.

Luminous efficiency characterizes the efficiency of LEDs and is determined by the luminous flux per 1 W of power.

Price and reviews

A major role in pricing is played by the manufacturer and some additional factors. Such companies as Gree (America), Nichia (Japan), Epistar (Taiwan) and others are working on the production output.

What does it depend on:

1. Models.
2. Power consumption.
3. The manufacturer.

Goods can be purchased from 4000 rubles and above.

Reviews:

The forum guest, Odinets, for example, talks about the acquisition of a 20 W LED floodlight (JAZZ). “Satisfied with the purchase, but saved on the family budget.”

Rewrite real first-person reviews:

1. Ivanrin. “I got myself two spotlights, each 10 watts. The feeling is that incandescent lamps are lit at 100 watts. When I bought the cottage and installed it on the site, the lighting ceased to be enough. I decided to buy 4 pieces of 20 watts. Now another thing, just excellent visibility. In order to save connected motion sensors to them. They work flawlessly even at sub-zero temperatures. ”
2. Novikov Glory. “I also bought two 10 W LED floodlights, from FL-LED MATRIX-CUBE 10W 4200K. Attached them to the balcony, from the floor by 2 meters. It's nice to tinker with the bike at night. Visibility is great, I really like it. ”